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“...THE
CHINA MISSION YEAR BOOK
BEING
"The Christian Movement in China"
1910
EDITED BY
D. MacGILLIVRAY,
FOR THE C. L. S.
SHAMII1A1:
CHRISTIAN uteratlire society fom cwma
1010...”
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Page 4
“...4 CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK.
ery, undertook to begin a series of Year Books for
China, and the present editor was requested to inaugurate
the work. The thought had occurred to many minds,
but the difficulty was in the execution. Japan might be
manageable, but China was a vaster field. The pros-
pectus frankly admitted that it might be found impos-
sible to do for China what had been so well done for
Japan. The imperfections of a first attempt naturally
appear in the book, but we are glad to say that some 300
advance orders, given in simple faith, showed that people
want such a book.
We are particularly thankful to the forty or fifty
able writers who have furnished the signed articles.
Back of these again are the workers who gladly assisted
them in their investigations. The time has come when
questionnaires 011 serious subjects will receive serious
attention and not lazily be thrown into the limbus of
forgotten duties.
The Year Book, as will be seen at a glance, totally
differs from anything...”
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“...Vlll
china mission year book.
CHAPTER XXVIII.CHINESE ABROAD.
G. F. Mosher. 419-424
CHAPTER XXIX.THE GREEK CHURCH.
O. Figourovsky. 425-426
CHAPTER XXX.STATISTICS OF ROMAN CATHO-
LIC WORK IN CHINA ............427-431
APPENDICES*
I. IMPORTANT EVENTS ............Pages i-vi
II. OBITUARIES........................vii-xvi
III. NEW BOOKS ON CHINA............xvii-xxii
IV. ARTICLES ON CHINA ............xxiii-xxvi
V. ADDENDA TO "A CENTURY OF
MISSIONS" ........................xxvii-xxx
VI. CHURCH OFFICIALS ..................xxxi-xxxiii
VII. ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY ............xxxiv
VIII. CENTENARY CONFERENCE COM-
MITTEE'S FINAL REPORT............xxxv-xxxvii
IX. LIST OF NEW STATIONS.........xxxviii-xxxix
X. HALLEY'S COMET........................xl-liii
DIRECTORY OF MISSIONARIES.
STATISTICAL TABLE....”
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“...2
CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK.
If any "Old China hand" had been told before-
hand that the Emperor and the Empress-Dowager would
die within twenty-four hours of each other, yet that
the succession would be quietly arranged with no sug-
gestion of outward discontent, he would have smiled a
knowing smile and would have outlined a much more
probable line of events, but he would have been quite
astray. It is no novelty in China to have long minorities
in the palace, and the past hundred years has had fully
its share. Yet in this instance the selection both of
a new Emperor and a Regent seemed so clearly the best
possible that after it became obvious that there was to
be no uprising or popular clamory we seemed indeed to
be entering upon a lagoon of peace, such as China had
not known for more than a century. A year and a half
of the rule of the Prince Regent, however, made it ob-
vious that far too much had been expected from his
good intentions, and that his qualifications for the diffi-
cult...”
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“...6
CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK.
looked for. Then may perhaps occur the fulfillment of
a prophecy of one of the Taotais who accompanied
H. E. Tuan Fang around the world five years since:
"No nation ever yet got its liberties without shedding
much blood, and China will be no exception." In the
meantime popular pressure everywhere curtails and
eventually extinguishes all foreign 4 4 concessions'' which
can be got hold of. By this kind of combined pressure
the Peking Syndicate was bought off from Shansi, and
the capable official who engineered the negotiations was
the most popular man of the day, and is now the
efficient governor of that province. The relinquishment
for a fair consideration of the claim of Sir Lister Kaye
in Anhui probably marks the terminal moraine of all
enterprises of this sort. The general unrest throughout
China during the past year has been greatly stimulated
by the widespread report (from some unknown source)
that China is again oii the point of being "carved up
like a melon...”
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“...14
CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK.
from all restraint at an age and under conditions requir-
ing very different treatment.
The Shansi Provincial College, under the care of
Dr. Timothy Richard, stands in a class by itself, but at
the impending expiration of the ten-year period 110 one
can predict under what influences it may fall. Except-
ional likewise is the Tientsin University, founded by Dr.
Tenney, which has a large foreign staff. The Provincial
College at Paotingfu has been for more than a year
and a half under the presidency of Mr. Fei Ch'i-hao, a
Christian graduate of Oberlin and of Yale. Dr. Fergu-
son, of Shanghai, has well pointed out one of the fatal
weaknesses of government institutions in China in their
divided control. '' Every school is in the hands of four
sets of managers : the Board of Education, which may
include the central board and a local board, the directors
of the special school, the faculty, and the students.
The latter by playing off against one or both of the
other...”
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“...22
china mission year book.
and of his many successors were celebrated in 1907 ;
many others, because they are unknown, will never be
celebrated at all. The opening and the awakening of
China are not unreasonably thought by some to be the
most important world events since Columbus discovered
America. In contributing to these great results no
agencies have been so potent as those which have accom-
panied the introduction of Christianity, but as yet its
real influence has only begun.
Largest and most fruitful of the many tasks before
the Christian church of the twentieth century is to be
the uplift and the regeneration of China.
Arthur H. Smith....”
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“...32
CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK.
this country, and in Europe he was entrusted with the
task of investigating the financial systems of the Great
Powers. The significance of this appointment lies to
some extent in the fact that Tang Shao-yi had been one
of Yuan Shih-k'ai's henchmen, and as far as the finan-
cial side of it was concerned, it was a neat move on
Yuan's part to get Tang Shao-yi out of an uncongenial
post at Mukden and prepare him to stand by Yuan's
side as financial adviser. The very day he set out,
however, an Imperial Decree was published authorizing
the adoption of a standard currency 011 a tael basis, and
it was believed at the time that this was Chang Chih-
tung's answer to Yuan's despatch of Tang Shao-yi.
The decree has never been enforced however.
From this time 011 to the middle of November the
Government displayed 110 great activity. On the 14th
of November the Emperor Kwang Hsu passed away, and
within twenty-four hours the Empress-Dowager, who
had for a few hours become...”
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“...34
CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK.
ferred from the Yunkwei viceroyalty to take that at
Mukden. Later in the year Li Teh-hsun, the unscru-
pulous Director of the northern section of the Tientsin-
Pukow Railway, had to be removed, and as an indirect
result the perfectly honourable Lu Hai-huan was re-
moved from the office of Director-General. With the
dismissal of Tuan Fang from the Chihli viceroyalty in
November, Chen Kwei-lung was called to the north, and
his place at Wuchang was taken by Jui Cheng. Tuan
Fang had earlier in the year been succeeded at Nanking
by Chang Jen-chen, who had handed over the Governor-
ship of Shantung to Sun Pao-chi, thitherto for some
time Minister to Germany.
It is thus seen that more than half the nearest
advisers of the Throne were removed during 1909 by
death or dismissal, and half the heads of provinces were
also removed or transferred. It might therefore be
expected that the work of government would be inter-
rupted. It is quite certain that little real progress...”
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“...36
china mission yeaJr book.
governorship of Mukden, the holder thereof, Chen Teh-
chuan, becoming Kiangsu Governor.
Thus far we have dealt with Decrees and changes of
a general character, but there remain those with a special
purpose. First of these comes the large number con-
cerning the suppression of opium. These date from 1906,
but a confirmatory Decree was issued on 7th February,
1907, and on 25th June there appeared a Decree authoriz-
ing the officials responsible for opium suppression to pay
domiciliatory visits to delinquent officials and offering
rewards to those officials who were successful in the sup-
pression of the vice within their jurisdiction. On the
10th October following a list of opium-smoking officials
was issued, but these were given another chance, being
allowed to retire for the time being in order to get rid of
the habit. On the 7th April of the following year an
Imperial Decree commanded the establishment of in-
stitutes iu which the cure could be effected, and...”
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“...60
china mission yeaJr book.
examination of students.
The examination of the first batch of students to
the U. S. was held at the Hsio Pu shortly after the
summer of 1909. Out of a total number of a few over
600 applicants for the examination, which lasted about
a week, some 47 were selected after their papers had
been carefully corrected and marked with foreign assist-
ance. Those selected were sent to the U. S. soon after
the examination under the charge of H. E. Tong Kai-
son. I11 the course of the examination every care was
exercised by the Directors to prevent dishonesty 011 the
part of the applicants in connexion with the work.
funds.
The funds necessary for the support of the Bureau,
as well as the students whilst studying in the U. S., and
those to be sent hereafter are derived from a portion of
the Boxer indemnity, which was remitted to China by
the U. S. A.
numbers to be sent out.
According to arrangements made 100 should be sent
out every year for the first four years, and thereafter...”
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“...52
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The subjects examined on this year were Chinese
Literature, Chinese Plistory and Geography, English
Literature and Composition, Algebra, Plain Geometry,
German and French, Latin, Solid Geometry, Physics,
American History, English History, Trigonometry,
Chemistry, History of Rome and Greece.
Candidates may be examined in one of the lan-
guages,German, French, or Latinin addition to Eng-
lish, and if examined on two or all of them, extra marks
will be given in their favour.
examination open to auv.
The examination is open to all students, provided
they can answer- the conditions set forth above and
others that may be imposed 011 them whenever necessary.
No distinction is made as regards their religion. Of
course a preference is attached to students of government
educational institutions or those under government grant.
expenditure incurred by candidates.
All expenditure incurred by candidates in coming
up to Peking for the sole purpose of participating in the...”
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“...56
china mission year book.
HONGKONG UNIVERSITY.
The name of Sir Frederick Lugard, K.C.M.G.,
Governor of Hongkong (1907- ) will be noteworthy
in the annals of Hongkong on account of his successful
labours to secure the establishment of a University.
Queen's College has had a long and .honorable history,
but the new University is to be a far more ambitious
undertaking. Mr. H. N. Mody, one of the oldest Parsee
residents in the Colonv, generously offered to provide
buildings at an estimated cost of $280,000, and an En-
dowment Fund of nearly $1,250,000 was raised in 1909,
of which Chinese in the Colony and in Canton subscribed
large sums. A site in Bonham Road has been selected
and building begun.
The authorities, assuming that Hongkong should
one day be an educational centre for all South China,
think that the site should be able to provide quarters
for 500 students and also buildings for lecture rooms,
laboratories, and all their accessories for 1,000 students.
The buildings to be erected...”
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Page 58
“...58 china mission year book.
. The following is the list of schools conducted under
the supervision of the Chilili Provincial Board of Educa-
tion
i University, located at Tientsin, i Provincial Col-
lege,, at Paotingfu, 17 Industrial Schools, 3 Higher Nor-
mal Schools, 49 Elementary Normal Schools, 2 Medical
Colleges, 3 Foreign Language Schools, 4 Law Schools,
1 Physical Culture and Music School, 1 Telegraph
School, 8 Commercial Schools, 5 Agricultural Schools,
36 Middle Schools, 174 Upper Primary Schools, 101
Mixed Grade Primary Schools, 8,534 Lower Primary
Schools, 131 Girls' Schools, 179 Half-Day and Night
Schools.
This represents a development in modern educa-
tion in Chihli for a period of six years only, at the begin-
ning of which time about 8,000 students in schools were
reported for the whole province and those chiefly in
Tientsin. There are now 10,410 teachers engaged in
this educational work in Chihli which, more than any
other single fact, indicates the real growth of the move-...”
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“...ioo
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curriculum and that of institutions of higher grade is
done by foreign teachers or foreign trained Chinese.
The tendency is naturally toward employing returned
foreign-trained students, that is, those who have grad-
uated in European or American universities. This
class of men is considerably increasing as time goes on,
and we may not expect foreign teachers to be employed
on a large scale in China.
Money is being spent lavishly in sending students
abroad, erecting modern school buildings and buying
apparatus. Large printing presses are busy day and
night printing books. The popular cry, "Pu Tung
Chiao Yu," 44 Chia T'ing Chiao Yu (general education,
home training) is realized as essential to constitutional
government now promised to the people. The education
of women is receiving unusual attention ; there being
in Cliihli (not counting Peking) a total of 3,314 students
and 203 teachers distributed over 61 different towns.
Of the 120 schools, 57 are established...”
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“...62
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Board of Foreign Affairs, and was a direct response of
different memorials which I had previously presented.
The one document briefly stated that my proposal for
establishing a School of Political Science could not
receive financial assistance of the Government, inasmuch
as the regulations of the Board of Education stipulated
that such a school must be under official management
and could not be under private auspices. The other
document, giving recognition to the work of the In-
stitute, was far more satisfactory and encouraging. .
This document is the fulfilment of the promise made
to me personally, and contained in the Imperial Sanction
of March, 1897 : When his plan for the Institute
goes into operation, if the actuality answers to the pros-
pectus, producing good and not evil, this Board will,
after due investigation, confer additional tokens of ap-
proval." During the last thirteen years there have
been many vicissitudes of shadow and light, of encourage-...”
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“...64
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sucli a plan for such a school could not succeed. As to
the other department, which has been carried 011 in
Shanghai for the last eight years, that of instruction in
foreign languages, there is 110 need for Government
support, but when it is borne in mind that there is a
very large number of similar schools, both under
Government auspices and under control of different
missions, it is at once apparent that at least there is no
great necessity for the Institute to continue this form of
educational work. For establishing any other school
that would be high-grade and successful, there would be
needed either Government patronage or larger financial
assistance from some source than the Institute is blessed
with at the present time. Therefore, owing to my
absence for a year from Shanghai, and the lack of
Government support, it was decided at the last regular
Semi-Annual Meeting that the class-room work of the
-Institute be for the present abandoned, in order to give...”
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“...ioo
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take the time and trouble to meet the Chinese in a social
way, to converse with them on all manner of subjects,
and by our interest in their welfare to secure their friend-
ship. If one man by years of patieut and persistent
labour can succeed in securing the friendship of hun-
dreds of the most influential in Peking and every one of
the provinces, then how much more could be accom-
plished by au organization in which others of kindred
mind may take part for the accomplishment of the same
object ? The channels of communication with the lead-
ers of thought in this great Empire have already been
opened, and we now ask others with their influence,
wisdom and generosity to enter these channels and
produce a far greater impression for good upon this
people than could possibly be secured by the efforts of
one person.
For the development of such a spirit of harmonious
cooperation between Chinese and foreigners, there have
been already organized in Shanghai in connection...”
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“...ioo
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Shanghai could be thoroughly imbued with the idea of
harmoniously cooperating with foreigners, and of aban-
doning the very favorite war-cry of China for the
Chinese," then China itself would derive great benefit,
and, we are sure, our enrollment would be expanded.
Every word of kindness and encouragement that
has been written to us or spoken will be long cherished.
Every act of kindness will be remembered. We give
our gratitude in all sincerity to the kind Providence
who has guided our steps in the past and bestowed on
us more mercies than we have been worthy to receive.
On the eve of our departure to the States we give our
best wishes to those who will assist in carrying 011 the
work of the International Institute, and we wish for
China, where we have lived nearly three decades, the
blessing of heaven in meeting all the difficulties that
beset her on every side. We not only would be glad to
have more friends for ourselves, but we pray that China,
too, may...”
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of Christianity." One of the leading officials of the
Province asked for a copy of the address and permission
to use it for publication.
Copies of a special edition of the New Testament,
given by the British and Foreign Bible Society, were
later presented to all the leading officials in Tsinanfu.
During the Shantung Federation Conference held
in September, 1907, H. E. Wu T'ing-pin, Provincial
Governor, attended a reception at the Institute to meet all
members of the Conference. On this occasion an address
was given clearly stating the attitude of Protestant
missionaries towards the authorities.
It is not possible in so short a statement as this to
describe the educational contents of the Institute which
specially appeal to the ruling classes. There are large
models and pictures of Houses of Parliament, Law Courts,
Universities, Colleges, Hospitals, etc., etc. ; historical
maps and diagrams illustrating national progress and
decline ; diagrams in colour showing...”
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