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“...THE CHINA MISSION YEAR BOOK BEING "The Christian Movement in China" 1910 EDITED BY D. MacGILLIVRAY, FOR THE C. L. S. SHAMII1A1: CHRISTIAN uteratlire society fom cwma 1010...”
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“...PREFACE. HE first attempt to deal exhaustively with the history of the vajjous missions in China was. "The China Mission'Handbook','' which appeared in 1896. The circulars which were sent out asking for material were signed by a committee of Shanghai mis-* sionaries, but the b-ulk of the editorial work fell toDr^ T. Richard. To judge by the words 011 the first page, it appears that the promoters hoped that it-was-theHBrst of a series to appear at regular intervals. This hope, however, was never actualized. The next important historical work dealing with China missions was the Centenary Conference historical volume, entitled "A Century of Missions in China," which was prepared for the Conference by the writer at the request of the Executive Committee. Since that time events have moved rapidly in China. Much progress has been made in many directions in Church and State, but nothing in continuation of this volume has appeared since 1907. In this respect the Cooperating Christian Missions of...”
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“...4 CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK. ery, undertook to begin a series of Year Books for China, and the present editor was requested to inaugurate the work. The thought had occurred to many minds, but the difficulty was in the execution. Japan might be manageable, but China was a vaster field. The pros- pectus frankly admitted that it might be found impos- sible to do for China what had been so well done for Japan. The imperfections of a first attempt naturally appear in the book, but we are glad to say that some 300 advance orders, given in simple faith, showed that people want such a book. We are particularly thankful to the forty or fifty able writers who have furnished the signed articles. Back of these again are the workers who gladly assisted them in their investigations. The time has come when questionnaires 011 serious subjects will receive serious attention and not lazily be thrown into the limbus of forgotten duties. The Year Book, as will be seen at a glance, totally differs from anything...”
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“...PREFACE. iii Tentative List of Chapters. General Survey. Important Kdicts and National Movements. The Chinese Government Schools. The Problem of Educational Work in China. What is being done to reach the Higher Classes. Problems of the Chinese Church. Student Volunteer Movement in China. The Problems of Evangelistic Work. Unoccupied Fields. A list of neglected towns and cities in each province. Paper on some Live Subject, by a Chinese. The Work of the Missions, from their Reports. Special chapter on Work in Hunan. Special chapter on Work of the C. I. M. Special chapter on Work of the German Missions. The Special Work of Anglicans in China. Work for the Moslems of China. Work among the Aboriginal Tribes. Problems in Literature. Hymnology of the Chinese Church. Problems in Sunday School Work. The Ideal Translation of the Bible into Chinese. Y. M. C. A., Y. W. C. A., and W. C. T. U. Problem of Learning the Chinese Language. General Paper on Women's Work. Anti-footbinding and Anti-opium. Buddhism...”
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“...Country. A. R. Saunders. 180-18S PREFACE. CHAPTER IGENERAL SURVEY. ArthurH.Smith, I- CHAPTERII.IMPORTANT EDICTS AND GOVERN- MENT CHANGES ...... W. Sheldon Ridge. CHAPTER III.THE GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS OF CHINA ... ............J. C. Ferguson, Supplement:Bureau of Educational Mission to U. S. A. Hongkong University............... Government Education in N. China. R. R. gaii.ey. CHAPTER IV.WORK FOR THE HIGHER CLASSES. Institutional and Evangelistic: The International Institute, Shanghai. G. Reid. Tsinanfu Institute ... J. S. WhiTEWrighT. CHAPTER V.MISSION SCHOOLS, COLLEGES, AND UNIVERSITIES FOR MEN AND BOYS: 23-37 38-49 49-55 56-57 57-60 61-68 68-72 Chihli, Shantung, Manchuria......Editor. 73-83 West China .........E. J. Carson. 83-95 South China .........P. W. Pitcher. 95-104 Central and East China...... T. A. SliSBY. 104-112 A. B. M.U. A. B. C. F. M. ... A. P. M., North.., S. B. C....... A. P. E....... C. M. M...... M. E. M., So. E. B. M...... W. M. S....... U. F. C. S. II3-I73 145-147 147-150...”
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“...8 CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK. CHAPTER VIII.INDEPENDENCE AND SELF-SUP- PORT : North China............J. Wherry, 189-195 South China......... J,Speicher. 195-199 Central China.........W. C. Longden. 199-205 West China ......... A. E. Claxton. 205-206 East Central China...... F. Garrett. 206-209 CHAPTER IX.MEDICAL MISSIONARY WORK. Cecil J. Davenport. 210-215 CHAPTER X.MEDICAL EDUCATION : North China......... T. Cochrane. 216-221 Central China.........W. H. jefferys. 221-225 South China............P. J. Todd. 225-228 MEDICAL EDUCATION FOR WOMEN : North China ... Miss Eliza E. Leonard. 228-229 Canton.........Miss Mary H. Fulton. 229-232 MEDICAL RESEARCH WORK. H. S. Houghton. 232-234 CHAPTER XI.THEOLOGICAL EDUCATION : North China............C. H. Fenn. 235-239 Central China......... J. C. Garritt. 239-246 South China......... H. W. Oldham. 247-253 CHAPTER XII.THE BIBLE STUDY MOVEMENT. A. E. Cory. 254-260 CHAPTER XIII.I. Sunday School ...W. H. Lacy. 261-263 vII. Christian Endeavor. Mr. and Mrs....”
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“...LITERATURE SOCIETY............... Editor. 325-333 CHAPTER XIX.TRACT SOCIETIES IN CHINA. J. Darroch. 334-342 CHAPTER XX.CHRISTIAN PERIODICALS. w. a. cornaby. 343-350 CHAPTER XXI.MISSION PRESSES. G. McIntosh. 351-362 CHAPTER XXII.BIBLE SOCIETIES : British and Foreign Bible Society. G. H. Bondfield. 363-370 National Bible Society of Scotland. J. Archibald. 370-372 American Bible Society. (Annual Report.) J. R. Hykes. 372-377 CHAPTER XXIII.BIBLE TRANSLATION AND RE- VISION ............G. H. Bondfieu). 378 379 CHAPTER XXIV.SPECIAL PHILANTHROPY : The Blind ......... G. A. Clayton. 380-383 The Deaf and Dumb ... Miss A. E. CARTER. 384 Christian Herald Orphanage Committee. Lilburn Merrili,. 385-387 Leprosy in China ......Henry Fowler. 388-390 John G. Kerr Refuge for Insane. C. C. Selden. 391-393 CHAPTER XXV.INDUSTRIAL WORK. W. N. Brewster. 394-397 CHAPTER XXVI.OPIUM REFORM Editor. 39S-402 CHAPTER XXVII.Y. M. C. A. : In China. (From Report)............403-413 In Japan. (Among Chinese students.) J. M. Ci...”
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“...Vlll china mission year book. CHAPTER XXVIII.CHINESE ABROAD. G. F. Mosher. 419-424 CHAPTER XXIX.THE GREEK CHURCH. O. Figourovsky. 425-426 CHAPTER XXX.STATISTICS OF ROMAN CATHO- LIC WORK IN CHINA ............427-431 APPENDICES* I. IMPORTANT EVENTS ............Pages i-vi II. OBITUARIES........................vii-xvi III. NEW BOOKS ON CHINA............xvii-xxii IV. ARTICLES ON CHINA ............xxiii-xxvi V. ADDENDA TO "A CENTURY OF MISSIONS" ........................xxvii-xxx VI. CHURCH OFFICIALS ..................xxxi-xxxiii VII. ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY ............xxxiv VIII. CENTENARY CONFERENCE COM- MITTEE'S FINAL REPORT............xxxv-xxxvii IX. LIST OF NEW STATIONS.........xxxviii-xxxix X. HALLEY'S COMET........................xl-liii DIRECTORY OF MISSIONARIES. STATISTICAL TABLE....”
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“...much about China than there ever were before, and also that they know more about China than was ever before known, yet the difficulty of com- prehending China is not only not diminished but is actually increased as compared with say two decades ago. For this there are obvious reasons. The forces operating upon the China of that day while numerous and complex were relatively homogeneous and some of them comparatively passive. To-day all China is ting- ling with a consciousness or a semi-consciousness of a new life. Its homogeneity is as evident as it has ever been, but its heterogeneity is far more so. The cur- rents and the cross currents mingle confusedly, but they are beneath the surface, and often the only evidence of their existence to the outsider is the emergence of new sandbars, the opening of new and intricate channels, and the partial or complete closing of those which have been long in use. It is not the purpose of the following notes on existing conditions in China to furnish...”
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“...2 CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK. If any "Old China hand" had been told before- hand that the Emperor and the Empress-Dowager would die within twenty-four hours of each other, yet that the succession would be quietly arranged with no sug- gestion of outward discontent, he would have smiled a knowing smile and would have outlined a much more probable line of events, but he would have been quite astray. It is no novelty in China to have long minorities in the palace, and the past hundred years has had fully its share. Yet in this instance the selection both of a new Emperor and a Regent seemed so clearly the best possible that after it became obvious that there was to be no uprising or popular clamory we seemed indeed to be entering upon a lagoon of peace, such as China had not known for more than a century. A year and a half of the rule of the Prince Regent, however, made it ob- vious that far too much had been expected from his good intentions, and that his qualifications for the diffi- cult...”
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“...these were always at inconvenient times scaling off and showing the interesting figure of a Confucian doctrinaire with his feet in the Sung dynasty and his head in the clouds." If China had the supply of able men which might be expected, the loss of Chang Chih-tung might not have been felt, but as it is, he removed one of the not top numerous balance-wheels from the state ma- chinery. The aged Sun Chia-nai was a man of weight and importance in his way, but he belonged to an age which had never comprehended the new era in which he could not be classed as a leading figure. Yang Shih-hsiang, Governor-General of the Cliihli province, was not a man of great abilities, but a substantial and a useful official. The fact that he retaiued his post after his patron Yuan had fallen, may be taken as an indication that China is increasingly sensitive to the opinions of the' outside world. Tai Hung-tze, one of the Imperial Commission- ers sent abroad five years ago to investigate Constitu- tional Government"...”
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“...14 CHINA MISSION YeAJR BOOK. have been the step was one of far-reaching importance, certainly for China and perhaps for the world. It is evident that but a microscopic fraction of the people of China have any idea at all what is connoted by the word 4' constitution now so incessantly on the lips of talkers and the pens of writers, but they look forward to its introduction as the opening of a golden era, instead of an embarkation on the storm-tossed sea of liberty/' By what processes are these innumerable millions to learn the meaning of that mighty and mystic term, to distinguish between liberty and license, to be schooled in that self-restraint which involves cooperation, the subordination of the present to the future, and especially that of the individual to the community? The provin- cial assemblies which met on the 14th of last October constituted the initial step in this great experiment which is of interest and of more or less importance to all China's contemporaries. Those who had...”
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“...SURVEY. 5 at an early day is to take cognizance of matters like these, no one seems able as yet to say with certainty, but whether it does or does not, the old tyrannies and disregard of individual right are doomed. Among the exhibitions of the new spirit in China is the frequent outcry against Chinese officials who have rendered themselves unpopular, especially by truckling to foreigners,' and the resolution to prevent them from returning to the towns, the cities, and the provinces where they were born, but which they have disgraced in the estimation of their fellows. L,iable to abuse as this senti- ment no doubt is, it yet shows a wholesome interest in the general welfare hitherto quite unknown. There has been an agelong struggle in China between the right of the Central Government to govern and the right of the various provinces to govern themselves. There is no question that certain provincesnotably Hunanstand upon special footing, due in part to their history which has led to certain p...”
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“...6 CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK. looked for. Then may perhaps occur the fulfillment of a prophecy of one of the Taotais who accompanied H. E. Tuan Fang around the world five years since: "No nation ever yet got its liberties without shedding much blood, and China will be no exception." In the meantime popular pressure everywhere curtails and eventually extinguishes all foreign 4 4 concessions'' which can be got hold of. By this kind of combined pressure the Peking Syndicate was bought off from Shansi, and the capable official who engineered the negotiations was the most popular man of the day, and is now the efficient governor of that province. The relinquishment for a fair consideration of the claim of Sir Lister Kaye in Anhui probably marks the terminal moraine of all enterprises of this sort. The general unrest throughout China during the past year has been greatly stimulated by the widespread report (from some unknown source) that China is again oii the point of being "carved up like a melon...”
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“...'GENERAL, SURVEY. 17 enticed to Peking, flattered (and snubbed) while there, ostentatiously honored, sent on his way, reproved, exhorted, and suddenly degraded. China seems bent upon making herself felt in Thibet as never before, but in this as in all Chinese affairs prophecy is a lost art." But there is evidently a great and a growing respect for miltarism as an essential condition of the security of China, a change in sentiment so great as to be itself a revolution. With the greatest of all her economic problems the currencyChina shows no disposition to deal, the treaties of the early years of the decade to the contrary notwithstanding. The early Emperors of the Yuan dynasty distinguished themselves by flooding the empire with bank notes made from mulberry bark, leading to a financial catastrophe. The later years of the reign of Kuang Hsii will be remembered as the period when the Central Government, the various provinces, and many officials found a Golconda in the minting of copper coins...”
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“...8 CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK. own with no prospect of an infringement. The aggre- gate loss thus suffered unintelligently and helplessly by a longsuffering people is quite beyond calculation. In the meantime rumors abound, have abounded, and probably will abound as to the new and uniform coin which is about to be minted. It is to be a single coin on a tael basis. It is two coins both on a dollar basis. China is to have a gold basis. And all one knows is that one knows nothing, and things are as they ever have been, and apparently ever are to be. H. E. T'ang Shao-i was sent on an important mission all round the globe, where he dispersed the proper number of Imperial gifts, and was everywhere received with almost royal honors. When Yuan was deposed, Yang halted to be reappointed, and resumed his triumphant course. He was reported to have had many important interviews, he was an expert on currency and other reforms. He returned to China, and except for an initial crop of rumors that has been...”
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“...road to Samshui, near Canton, the extension of the Yueh-han across Kuangtung, and the beginning of a most difficult railway from Ich'ang to Szch'uanall these and some othersshow that in this department at least there is no stagnation. The first stage on the important through route between Tientsin and P'uk'ou, opposite Nanking, has just been opened to Techou, and the road is promised within three or four years, except perhaps for a costly bridge at Lok'ou below Chinanfu, the capital of Shantung. China is thoroughly converted to railways, a change of sentiment which to one who remembers three decades agoor even twoseems like a transformation scene from the Arabian Nights. But there is no mystery about it. The Chinese have a proverbial saying about a money- shaking tree" which rains its coppers on its fortunate owner. Railways, however, have proved an ever flow- ing fountain of liquid silver automatically enriching the government without impoverishing the peopleone of the few enterprises whicii...”
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“...20 CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK. economic effects are as yet but dimly discernible as relates to the country as a whole, not having been as yet studied intelligently. It is reported in Russian journals that the Trans-Siberian line which was to have been the means for the subjugation by Russia of Man- churia, is maintained at vast expense by ^ that empire with the result that perhaps half a million of Chinese are annually poured into the Hei-lung-chiang province, the total emigration being said to be already between three and four millions. Extensive parts of China are greatly overpopulated, notably the ancient province of Shantung, whose people might advantageously be transplanted to the great regions now opened up beyond the Great Wall. A constant stream of trekking of this sort is indeed kept up, but it should be assisted by the provincial and the general governments, and should be conducted reg- ularly and permanently. For this the high officials tell us no funds are forthcoming (though...”
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“...or less before the ancient foe of China (which might be converted into its staunch friend)the Yellow Riverwill once more break away by reason of the silting up of its bed, and we shall have a repetition of the scenes of 1887-8, with wails about the will of heaven and the helplessness of man against fate. After protracted squabbling between the rulers of two adjacent provinces (as if they had been rival European kingdoms instead of constituent parts of one empire) we have at last the promise and potency" of practical steam navigation of the Upper Yangtze. When the Imperial province of Szch'uan is joined by rail and steamboat to the rest of China, and likewise with the vast almost unpenetrated regions beyond, there will be a new world for the whole empire. Nothing has so showed the temper of the new China as her treatment of the opium reform, to which a few sentences must be devoted. It is important to remember that the avowed object is to 4' make China strong." Five years ago it was something...”
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“...12 CHINA MISSION YEAJR BOOK. Far East, mar^ of which had maintained an attitude of invincible skepticism as to the real intentions of China. She has proved readj' to sacrifice between one hundred and one hundred and fifty million taels of revenue, which is the highest proof of her intentions. That the poppy plant is no longer grown in several of the provinces which most largely produced it, seems to be matter of trust- worthy testimony. That many opium-smokers have been induced to leave off smoking, and that some have died in the attempt, is also well known. The drug has enormously increased in price, and it can no longer be afforded by the poor. Great quantities of morphia have found their way into China, a substitute much worse than the original. Against this it is difficult effectively to guard. None of these facts, nor all of them combined, prove that China has given up opium, or that she will do so. That is a matter which of necessity must require at least another decade or two after...”