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“...THE CHINA CHRISTIAN
YEAR BOOK
1929
(Sixteenth issue of the China "Mission" Year Book)
Issued under arrangement between the Christian
Literature Society for China and the National
Christian Council of China under the direction of the
following Editorial Board appointed by the National
Christian Council.
Mr. E. E. Barnett Rev. Edwin Marx
Rev. T. C. Brown Dr. J. L. Maxwell '
Rev. L. D. Cio Rev. F. R. Millican
Miss M. Frame Mr. John Nipps
Miss L. K. Haass Dr. Frank Rawlinson
Dr. C. L. Hsia Rev. Stanley Smith
Dr. Herman Liu Mr. H. C. Tsao
Rev. E. C. LobenstineMiss K. Vaughn
Dr. D. MacGillivray Rev. Z. K. Zia
Editor
Rev. Frank Rawlinson, D.D.
Editor, Chinese Recorder.
Shanghai
i
Christian Literature Society
1929. \...”
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Page ii
“...ii
preface
It is somewhat more than a year since the last
China Christian Year Book appeared. The present
issue has been delayed by the extreme difficulty
involved in laying upon busy people the task of writing
for it. All the chapters in this volume are voluntarily
contributed by those who have, of necessity, felt the
task of writing them one of extra and mostly heavy
pressure. This explains why the chapter on "Govern-
ment Education, 1928-29," is found at the end of the
volume instead, of in the section under "Education
and Students," where it strictly belongs. The Editor
and the Editorial Board wish, therefore, to express
their sincere appreciation to all who have helped make
up this annual. Without this free and willing help
it would be impossible to issue it.
Of necessity a considerable proportion of the
material in this volume will be past history when it
is read. This is due in part to the unavoidable delay
in publication mentioned above, but in much larger
part it is the result...”
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Page iii
“...have
done masterly research work in order to make their
contribution to this Year Book: all of them have
written out of a rich experience; a few of them make
bold attempts to indicate roads to progress newer than*
those already opened up. This volume reveals that
Chinese leaders are delving deeply into the intricate
problems challenging them. Such determined study
is bound to result in the finding of worthwhile solutions
thereto. This volume, furthermore, reveals no atti-
tude of laisez-faire in those responsible for the future
of the Nation and the Church. Quite the contrary!
A determination to measure and master the problem
of reconstructing China is their major driving force.
Statistical information is somewhat more promin-
ent in this issue of the Year Book than in the last.
This, however, appears mainly in estimates of pro-
jected economic reforms. In connection with present
and actual situations it is much less in evidence. The
difficulty of attempting definite statistical summaries...”
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Page iv
“...iv
of existing conditions is illustrated in the chapter on
"Labor Organizations in 1928," where the utmost care
has failed to secure figures that always gear into each
other. Anent Christianity statistics are conspicuous-
ly absent except to some extent in connection with
education and in the chapter on "Missionaries in
China/' and even there they are incomplete. The
present situation in China does not lend itself to
statistical summaries. As a result this volume deals
in the main with various prevailing conditions and
the psychological changes and attitudes embedded
therein and affected thereby.
The Editor has striven, with the help of Dr.
MacGillivray and Rev. C. L. Boynton in the non-
exhilarating task of reading proof, to keep the volume
free of errors and. variations in spelling and
typography. He cheerfully and, indeed with little
agitation of conscience, confesses that he has failed!
Not the least conspicuous difficulty in editing a volume
of this nature is the fact that its writers...”
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Page vi
“...vi
XI. National Christian Council in 1928.
T. C. Bau.............221
XII. The Promulgation of the Decrees of the
First Plenary Council of the Catholic...
Church in China. Pascal M. D'EIia,
S. J............... .. 228
Part IV.. Missions and Missionaries.
XIII'.' Missionaries in China. C. L. Boynton. 243
XIV. Church and Mission. E. C. Lobentsine. 250
Part V. Education and Students.
XV. Christian Education in 1928. Earl
Herbert Cressy...........268
XVI.. Education and Religion. D. Willard
Lyon. .. ............279
XVII., Religious Education in the Methodist
Episcopal Church. Wade Crawford
Barclay..... .. .. ,. .. .. 289
XVIII. Youth and the Church. Y. T. Wu. .. 300
XIX-. Religious Education in Christian Middle
Schools. Chester S. Miao.......308
Part VI. Social Life.
XX. Labor Organizations in 1928. S. K.
Sheldon Tso. ... .. ...... .. 317
XXI. -National Government and Narcotics.
Bingham Dai.............328
XXII. Rural Reconstruction. Fu-liang Chang. 336
XXIII. National Child Welfare Association...”
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Page vii
“...Medical Work in 1928. James
L. Maxwell.............379
XXVII. Eradicating Leprosy from China.
James L, Maxwell. .. .... ......385
Part VIII. Literature.
XXVIII. The Bible in China. G. W. Sheppard. 396
XXIX. Recent Books on China. Mrs. R. R.
Service .. ...... ,. v. .. 406
XXX. Christian Literature Situation.. T. C.
Chao. ............ .. 417
XXXI. Forty Years of the Christian Liter-
ature Society. D. MacGillivray. .. .. 429
XXXII. The Printed Page. Miss M. Verne
MeNeely. .. .. ........435
Part IX. Government Education.
XXXIII. Government Education, 1928-1929.
Sidney K. Wei. .. ........458
Part X. Appendices.
I. Documents on "Church and Mission/'
(see page 250) ...... .. .. 491
II. General Principles of Proposed Labor
Union Law as Approved by Legis-
lative Yuan, (see page 317) .... .. 513
III. Local Reports, on "Christian Medical
Work in 1928. (see page 379) .. .. 516
IV. Bibliography. "Recent Books on
China." Mrs.. R. R. Service, (see
page 406) .. ...... .. .. 53S...”
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Page viii
“...viii
CONTRIBUTORS
(Figures in parenthesis indicate dates of first arrival
of missionaries in China)
Barclay, Wade Crawford, M.A., Ph.D., Re-
ligious Education in the Methodist Episcopal
Church, XVII.
Methodist Episcopal. Secretary, Religious
Education of the Methodist Episcopal
Church ..............289
Bau, T.C., B.A., D.D., National Christian Council
in 1928, XI.
Baptist. General Secretary Chekiang-
Shanghai Baptist Convention. Chair-
man of China Baptist Council. Chair-
man of National Christian Council of
China, 1928-1929 .......... 221
Boynton, C.L., B.A., (1906) Missionaries in
China, XIII.
Secretary Y.M.C.A., 1904-14. On staff of
China Continuation Committee, 1915-
20. Principal, Shanghai American
School, 1920-26. Editor, Directory of
Protestant Missions. Now Business
and Statistical Secretary, National
Christian Council, and Treasurer, Coun-
cil on Health Education ......243
Broomhall, Mrs. A.H., The Door of Hope, XXIV.
Honorary Secretary of the Door of Hope
and Children's Refuge...”
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Page ix
“...Christian
Literature Situation, XXX.
Methodist Episcopal Church (South). Pro-
fessor of Philosophy of Religion and
Dean, School of Religion, Yenching
University. Chaplain of Yenta Chr-
istian Fellowship ...........417
Chen, Gideon, B.A., Recent Social and Moral
Problems and Attitudes, III.
Church of Christ in China. Sometime
Industrial Secretary, National Christian
Council. Now Lecturer, Yenching Un-
iversity, Peiping.......... 95
Chen, Ping-Tsang, Financial and Economic Re-
construction, II.
Government Service .......... 34
Cheng, Rev. C.Y., D.D., State of the Church,
VIII.
Church of Christ in China. General Sec-
retary, National Christian Council.
Moderator, Church of Christ in China
146
Cressy, Earl Herbert, B.A., D.D., (1901X
Christian Education in 1928, XV.
Northern Baptist. Secretary, Council of
Higher Education .. .. .. .. .. 268
Dai, Bingham, B.A., National Government and
Narcotics, XXI....”
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Page x
“...National Anti-Opium Association, of
China ........ .. .. .. 328
D'Elia, Pascal M., S.J., (1922) The Promulga-
tion of the Decrees of the First Plenary t
Council of the Catholic Church in China/
Xll.
Roman Catholic (Jesuit). Professor of
Chinese. Member of the Sinological
Bureau. Author of "Catholic Native
Episcopacy" and "Le Triple Demisme
de Suen Wen" ..........223
Fisher, Rev. A.J., D.D., (1902) National Child
Welfare Association, XXIII.
American Presbyterian,; North. General
Secretary, Kwangtung Synod of Church
of Christ in China..........350
Hu Hsih, B.A., Ph.D., Conflict of Cultures, V.
Sometime Professor, National University
e < Peiping. Author of numerous booBs
on China ........ .. .. U2
Hsu, P.C., M.A., Nationalism and Religion, VII.
Chinese Church. Professor of Philosophy,
Yenching University, Peiping .142
Huang, Garfield, B.A., National Child Welfare
Association, XXIII.
Chinese Christian Church. General Sec-
retary, Anti-Opium Association of
China .. .... .. .. ..: 350
iftjnkle, j...”
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Page xi
“...Rev. E.C., (1898) Regional Retreat
Conferences, X. Church and Mission, XIV.
Presbyterian Mission. Associate General
- Secretary of the National Christian
Council of China...... .. 212, 250
Lyon, D. Willard, M.A., D.D., (1895) Educa-
tion and Religion, XVI.
President, Association Secretarial School of
China. Member of National Christian
Council, China Christian Educational
Association and China Sunday School
Union ...... .. .. .. .. 279
MacGillivary, Rev. D., D.D., LL.D., (1888)
Forty Years of the Christian Literature
Society, XXXI.
United Church of Canada. General Sec-
retary, Christian Literature Society,
Shanghai ............429
Marx, Rev. Edwin, A.B., B.D., (1918) Effects
of Five Years Upon Chinese Church, (East
Central China) IX.
Secretary and Treasurer of China Mission.
United Christian Missionary Society .. 159
Maxwell, James L., Christian Medical Work in
1928, XXVI: Eradicating Leprosy from.
China, XXVII.
Secretary, China Medical Association 379, 385
McNeely, Miss ,M. Verene, B.A....”
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Page xii
“...M.A., B.D., Ph.D., Religious
Education in Christian Middle Schools,
XIX.
Baptist. Secretary of Religious Education
and Acting General Secretary of China
Christian Educational Association.
Member of the National Christian
Council .. .. ..........308
Millican, Rev. F.R., M.A., B.A., (1907) Recent
Developments in Religious Thought, VI.
Presbyterian (North). Now on staff
of Christian Literature Society, Shang-
hai ................122
Rattenbury, Harold B., B.A,, (1902) Effects
of Five Years Upon Chinese Church (Cent-
ral China), IX.
Wesleyan Methodist. Chairman of Hupoh
Synod of Wesleyan Methodist Church 167
Service, Mrs. R.R., B.L., (1905) Recent Books
on China, XXIX.
Member of National Committee, Y.W.C.A. 406
Sheppard, Rev. G.W., (1898) The Bible in
China, XXVIII.
General Secretary, British and Foreign
Bible Society. Editor, Journal, North
China Branch Royal Asiatic Society 396...”
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Page xiii
“...Church (Szechwan),
IX.
West China Mission, American Baptist
Foreign Mission Society. Mission
Secretary. Instructor in English Lit-
erature, West China Union University.
Principal, Chengtu Baptist College .. 196
Ting, Miss Shu-ching, What Chinese Women
are Doing, IV.
General Secretary, National Committee,
Y.W.C.A's. in China.......,107
Tso, S.K. Sheldon, LL.B., M.A., Ph.D., Labor
Organizations in 1928, XX.
Head of Welfare Section, Department of
Labor, Ministry of Industry, Com-
merce and Labor, National Govern-
ment ..............317
Wang, Dr. Chengting T., B.A., LL.D., Political
Progress in 1928? l.
Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui. Minister of
Foreign Affairs, National Government 14
Wei, Sydney K., A.B., Ph.D., Government
Education, 1928-1929, XXXIII.
Congregational. Dean of the College of
Education and Director of the Univer-
sity Experimental School, National
Central University, Nanking. Member
of Science Society of China, Vocational
Educational Society of China, and
National Society for the...”
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Page xiv
“...(Weir,- A., B.A., (1899) Effects' of Five Years
Upon Chinese Church (Manchuria), IX. ^
Presbyterian Church in Ireland. General
Evangelistic and District Work .. .. 203
Wilder, Geo. D., B.A., B.I> D.D., (1894)
Effects of Five Years Upon Chinese Church
(North China), IX,
A.B.C.F.M. Rural Training Department,
Jefferson Academy, T'unghsien .. .. 173
Wu, Y.T., M.A., Youth and the Church, XVIII.
Congregational. Student Secretary, Na-
tional Committee Y.M.C.A.s, in China 300...”
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Page xv
“...PRINCIPAL EVENTS
April 25, 1928, to June 30, 1929
1928-1929: Terrible famine in North China;
12-20,000,000 reported starving.
1928: Trouble with Japanese in Tainan,
Shantung.
1928: Jan. 4, New National Government set up.
Apr. 10, Campaign against Peking inaug-
urated.
Apr. 17, Sun Ch'uan-fang defeated at Tsining.
May 3, Tsinan incident.
June 4, Murder of Chang Tso-lin.
June 11, Fall of Peking.
June 25, Commercial Treaty between China
and the United States signed.
Oct. 9, Chiang Kai-shek elected president of
the National Government.
Dec. 20, Treaty signed by Great Britain
recognising China's Custom auton-
omy.
1929: Jan. 5, Rev. J. Curtis consecrated Bishop
of Chekiang.
Jan. 11, Farewell to Bishop and Mrs.
Molony.
Jan. 25, Farewell to Dr. and Mrs. H. T.
Hodgkin.
Feb. 6, Biennial meeting of the China
Medical Association, in Shanghai,...”
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Page xvi
“...28th.
Provisional Agreement signed by
Japanese Minister, Mr. Yoshizawa,
after conference between him and
Dr. C. T. Wang.
Detachment of troops representing
France, Britain, United States, Italy
and Japan, while General Shang
Chen and his staff represented
China, took part in a memorial
service for Marshal Foch who died
March 20, 1929.
Mar. 27, War declared on Hankow by Nan-
king Government.
Apr. 4, Monsignor Evarist Chang consec-
rated Bishop of the Roman Catholic
Church. Will serve as Apostolic
Vicar for the district of Tsinan,
Sung. Mgr. Chang is the seventh
Chinese priest to be made a bishop
during the past three years, follow-
ing the decision of the Pope to place
native clergymen at the heads of
the various vicariates and dioceses
in China,
12
Feb. 24,
Mar. 6,
Mar. 15,
Mar. 24,
Mar. 26,...”
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Page xvii
“...12 PRINCIPAL EVENTS
Apr. 7, Boycott (Japanese) lifted at Han-
kow.
May 2, Agreements for the settlement of the
Nanking and Hankow incidents
between China and Japan were
signed by Dr. C. T. Wang, Minister
of Foreign Affairs, and Mr.
Yoshizawa.
May 5, Chinese military police took over
the various garrison posts in the
City of Tsinan from the Japanese
troops.
May 7, Formal declaration of war between
Kwangsi and Kwangtung.
May 12, Captain Chen, Chinese airman who
left Croydon in March, on his flight
to China in a two-engined Avro-
Avian, arrived in Canton and flew
on to Amoy where formerly he was
a student of the Anglo-Chinese
College.
May 16, Strained relation between Marshal
Feng Yu-hsiang and Nanking re-
ported.
May 19-25, Annual meeting of the National
Christian Council at Hangchow.
June 1, State burial ceremonies of Dr. Sun
Yat-sen, "Father of the Chinese
Republic'' at which the Ministers of
Great Britain, France, Holland,
Portugal, Italy, Germany, Belgium
and Japan participated.
June...”
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Page 1
“...PART I
NATIONAL LIFE
CHAPTER I
POLITICAL PROGRESS IN 1S28
Chengting T. Wang
Eventful Years
The annals of the Republic of China record two
eventful years: one is 1911 in which the Manchu
Dynasty was overthrown and a democratic form of
government installed; the other is 1928, the year under
review, in which the war-torn r.ation, hitherto divided
in authority, was happily united under one flag and
under the leadership of the Kuomintang, the political
party which had been responsible for the establish-
ment of the Republic in 1911.
Tutelage and Reconstruction
For China, the significance of 1928 is increased
by the fact that it marks the beginning of the period
of political tutelage and national reconstruction. Dr.
Sun Yat-sen, the founder of the Republic, divided the
task of the Kuomintang into three parts with three
corresponding periods: the military period, the tute-
lage period and the constitutional period. To employ
military force for the unification of the country under
the hegemony...”
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Page 2
“...foreign relations
15
triumphant conclusion. The task of national recon-
struction can be said to have begun last summer,
since when the Nationalist authorities have been
seriously attempting to solve the problems of the
nation by means of first, deliberation and, second,
execution of the policies decided at various govern-
mental conferences.
Foreign Relations
From the standpoint of foreign relations, the
year under review is equally significant. It was
certainly the year in which China accomplished most
in putting herself upon a footing of equality with the
other members in the family of nations. One can read
with profound interest the Proclamation of January 5,
1912, issued by Dr. Sun Yat-sen as Provisional
President of the Republic and countersigned by Dr.
Wu Ting-fang as Minister for Foreign Affairs. To
this document one can compare the Manifesto of the
National Government of June 15, 1928, and the
Statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the
following day supplementing the Manifesto...”
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Page 3
“...former capital had gone down before
the propaganda of the Nationalists. At the China
New Year, an abnormal number of shops went bank-
rupt. Foreign firms gradually withdrew their
agencies, which were running at great loss. Many of
the Northern officers and still more civilians were
secretly in sympathy with the cause of the Revolution.
Manchuria
Chang Tso-lin, the Manchurian autocrat in con-
trol of Peiping, read the writing on the wall. At the
end of January a proposal was made to Nanking for
cooperation in seeking treaty revision. Early in Feb-
ruary Mr. Edwards, Officiating Inspector-General of
Customs, was instructed to come South in order to
reach a working agreement with the Nationalist
Authorities for the collection of surtaxes. While the
Nationalist forces were advancing and upon the
occurrence of the Tsinan Incident, Chang Tso-lin
issued, on May 9, telegrams to civil and military
authorities throughout China, announcing that he had
ordered his troops to cease hostilities and that he...”
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Page 4
“...communism. It
promised due respect for any obligation properly
entered into and on terms of equality. It requested
that new treaties be negotiated to supersede the old
ones. Six days later a mandate was issued ordering
that the name Peking be altered to Peiping, meaning
"Northern Peace" instead of "Northern Metropolis,"
and that Chihli was to be altered to Hopei. In the
* Since October 1928, the official English translation for
the Central Government is the "National Government of the
Republic of China."...”
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