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“...challenges of "disaster risk reduction" the restored historic monuments will emerge more strongly built and long-lasting, to be cherished by Nepalese citizens and international visitors alike as was before the earthquake, for years to come. Further, tourism during the reconstruction period would continue to benefit local businesses such as hotels, bed and breakfasts, restaurants, and crafts stores.
The PDNA addresses loss to intangible heritage and recovery strategies in the forms of support for documentation and revitalization of culture traditions and crafts, particularly by working with youth and local communities.
One objective of this report is to provide a preliminary description of the damage and losses caused by the 2015 earthquake to Nepal's heritage structures. In view that tourism is a key economic driver for the nation's GDP, restoration of Nepal's renowned heritage is given special focus. This report provides an initial assessment of short, medium, and long-term intervention needs...”
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“...created and published by the DoA. Most available records are in Nepali language and compiled in loose documents that are spread across various locations.
Carl Pruscha's "Kathmandu Valley, The Preservation of Physical Environment and Cultural Heritage: A Protective Inventory", published in 1975, is the most comprehensive record available to date and continues to serve as the prime source of information on the valley's built heritage. The two volumes provide location drawings and photographic documentation of over 800 buildings and sites in the valley that are of heritage value. This data is important for future restoration work.
Records of heritage structures in Nepal's districts are relatively scarce with the exception of data for major sites such as Lo Mantang, Gorkha, Panauti, and Nuwakot. According to undocumented sources within the DoA, there are approximately 1000 sites in the districts outside of the Valley that are classified in three categories of national, regional and local importance...”
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“...support their remarks. The compilation of a consolidated digital database consisting of systematic description of damage and photographic documentation is still pending.
Several UNESCO teams, including volunteers, conducted independent surveys of historic sites in the Kathmandu Valley. UNESCO contracted Kathmandu Living Labs, a private company based in Kathmandu that makes databases and mapping information available online through its open-source software. The initiative involves training volunteers with backgrounds in architecture, engineering, and art history to collect condition reports of monuments and historic houses in cultural sites quickly and easily using their smartphones. Data collected includes information about the site, type of structure, level of damage, photographs, GPS coordinates, and local contact information. The purpose of this documentation is to start an interactive map and database for the benefit of the Department of Archaeology, researchers, the general public and tourists...”
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“...In view of being prepared for the event of another disaster it is important to complete this task as soon as possible.
Given the large amount of research and data input necessary the DoA might request the Ministry of Culture to authorize the hiring of additional staff and/or external experts and provide required funding support for the same. A clearly laid-out database program needs to collate baseline information of each site: i.e., exact location details including GPS data; photographic documentation; historic information; a brief description of damage suffered (if any); and a detailed needs assessment to support restoration planning. This database should be linked to other sources of information such as the DoA's own hand-written archive, Pruscha's 1975 inventory, and the "Living Apps" online database.
Creation of a comprehensive digital inventory of all museum collections
Most inventory records of Kathmandu's museums are handwritten, possibly incomplete and difficult to access. Only...”
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“...comprehensive documentation of all affected 694 historic structures with detailed information regarding the type and degree of damage. The master plan needs to state a clear sequence of and a rationale for implementation. Restoration activities should be distributed between all districts, cities, and sites as evenly as possible. In general, priority should be given to repair and restore damaged structures before tackling ground-up reconstructions. Attention needs to be given not only to sites on the World Heritage list but to other smaller and significant monuments as well.
Detailed project proposals, customized to the requirement of each building, need to address structural and seismic retrofitting solutions. Based on the analysis of how past restorations performed and how the particular building withstood the earthquake, DoA should seek the advice of international experts to develop methods for new earthquake resilient construction. The project plan should include detailed documentation of each...”
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“...will be important to increase knowledge and capacity.
2nd-6th year activities:
The activities of the 2nd-6th year will be adjusted following achievements of the first year, the priorities of the master plan and of course largely will depend on secured funding.
Restoration of all structurally threatened monuments will continue and only after this work is completed the ground-up reconstruction of fully collapsed structures should begin.
The activities of the first year (inventory, planning, documentation) lay the foundation for larger scale projects initiated by UNESCO and bi-lateral donors. Completed restoration projects must be professionally documented with a comprehensive historic structure report produced and shared with other projects. In order to disseminate information such data should be available online. An additional output would be publication of relevant training and conservation manuals.
Training programs and specialized workshops as described in first-year activities should...”
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“...needs, in areas such as access to finance, market access or technical or managerial skills development.
The practical assistance component of the strategy will targptthp 14 affpctpd districts as a priority, but may gradually be expanded to cover all districts.
Recovery assistance (working capital restoration)
Assessment Methodology
The methodology used for assessing the impact of the earthquake on the sector and developing recommendations included:
• The establishment of a baseline based on documentation and secondary data obtained from the Ministry of Industry (Mol), and Ministry of Commerce and Supplies (MoCS) and the private sector stakeholders (CNI, FNCCI, FNCSI, local Chambers of Commerce and Industries and local officials).
• The calculation of post-earthquake damage and loss data based on the baselines provide from different sources, including Mol, MoCS, various Departments, Central Bureau of Statistics, NPC, and others.
• A survey of four industrial estates located at Balaju, Patan...”
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“...864 million. Despite this, most depositors have regained access to their accounts, which has been key in maintaining public confidence in the banking system. Outside the most heavily affected areas, payment systems were quickly resumed, remittances could again be received (and are reported to have increased significantly), and domestic and international trade flows were restored. NRB has also moved quickly to relax restrictions on the ability of BFIs to open new service points and to reduce documentation requirements for earthquake victims.
The restoration of services has been a remarkable achievement, given the serious physical damage to the NRB's headquarters (including its main cash distribution facilities) and the lack of an NRB Disaster Recovery Site (DRS) which means that its core banking systems-which lie at the center of the domestic payments and settlement system and management of monetary and liquidity facilities - remain vulnerable to destruction by a new disaster. The cost of replacing...”
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“...issues measures mentioned above are addressed should also be established.
Recovery Needs and Strategy
Mains Activities Budget Requirement (NPR)
1. Integrated protection and support of women and girls, children, PLWD, Disability and Senior Citizens and issues around human trafficking 121,400,000
2. Support to Sexual and Gender Based Violence 93,100,000
3. Support for Child protection 45,750,000
4. Support for people living with disabilities 87,000,000
5. Support to senior citizens 30,000,000
6. Documentation and registration of vulnerable groups 58,000,000
7. Governance and accountability 164,260,000
8. Construction and Rehabilitation 486,000,000
Total 1,085,510,000...”
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“...Delivery Functions
District Development Committee: Coordinates and delivers all line ministries development activities, including agriculture, irrigation, infrastructure development, economic development, water etc;
Disaster Relief provision; Finalises district plan and land use plan
Municipal: Deliver and maintain/ operate basic community infrastructure; Solid Waste Management;
Land use planning; Municipal plan development and implementation; Register Vital documentation;
Uphold building code
Village: Register vital documentation; Coordinate Community Infrastructure; With Social Mobilisers and Ward Citizen Forum, ensure incut into the planning process: distribute Social Security payments.
While local elections can provide a remedy for lack of representation and accountability at the local level, given the uncertainty of such dates, the Government, through its Local Governance and Community Development Programme (LGCDP), is working with Ward Citizen Forums (WCF) and Citizen Awareness Centre...”
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“...ID/property documentation, and issuance of new documents is required to allow the population to receive relief services as well as to receive regular services like social security allowances.
The workload of the civil servants increased during the post-earthquake period as the local government structures were responsible for coordinating the relief from the GoN as well as volunteers and nongovernmental organisations. The VDC Secretaries are working with the District Disaster Relief Committee to assist distribution of relief from the GoN (for instance cash grants such as the NPRs 15,000 (US$150) relief grant, and the LGCDP emergency relief grants to all the VDCs and Municipalities); the assessment of all damages at the village level with the MoGA team; for assisting in the re-issuing of identity documents; coordination and monitoring of relief by NGOs and civil society. Realistically, it has not been possible for the VDC secretaries to accomplish all of this on their own. Therefore additional...”
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“...the Government will reinstate those using consultations within the local community through the VDC Secretary. An urgent guideline should be shared with the districts on how to issue earthquake victim ID cards, re-issue citizenship documents, and re-establish vital events records and social security beneficiaries. This guideline should include using the ward citizen forums to assist in confirming the identity of individuals; additional temporary staff to assess land documents and provide new documentation; and working with the district technical officer as the arbitration/ grievance mechanism for the process.
Medium/ Long Term
These records should be put on databases in a comprehensive manner and backed up at the provincial and central level. A citizen service centre should also be set up at the district level with mobile units at the village level to make the procurement of these documents by the population easier
Guidelines on how to re-establish other critical information such as accounts...”
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