Your search within this document for 'development' resulted in 172 matching pages.
 
1

“...the principle of subsidiary. The LSGA has mandated Local Bodies (Village Development Committee (VDC), District Development Committee (DDC) and Municipality) mainly for development planning and budgeting, building local infrastructure, providing basic services, maintaining the records and protecting public land, maintaining vital registration, and mobilizing and coordinating local development partners. The Local Bodies are also responsible for implementing land use policy, enforcing and monitoring the building code and ensuring the construction of disaster resilient infrastructure at local level. The 1999 Building Act promotes safer building practice in the country with four types of buildings: i) International state of the art, ii) professionally engineered buildings; iii) mandatory rule of thumbs and iv) rural buildings. Nepal National Building Code has been developed along these lines. Department of Urban Development and Building Construction (DUDBC) is recognised as the central institution...”
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“...The land use planning in particular is focussed on risk sensitive land use planning (RSLUP). 2.3.3 National Urban Development Strategy The National Urban Development Strategy (which is in approval phase) seeks to promote resilience in urban development including climate change adaptation, development in safer locations, the review and enforcement of building codes, regulations, guidelines and planning bye-laws, and capacity building of the government institutions and local bodies. Some immediate proposed programs for fostering resilience in urban development include: • Preparation of risk sensitive land use plans (RSLUP) • Completion of the Kathmandu urban transport master plan (KUTMP) • Revising building bye-laws • Establishment of a hierarchy of road network • Modification in land readjustment regulations • Regeneration of 'agro-politan' traditional settlements • Development, conservation and management of multipurpose open spaces • Institutional and capacity building of KVDA for planning...”
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“...Total Effect (Damage and Loss) 350,379 Recovery Needs and strategy The following guiding principles should form the basis of strategy and planning of post disaster recovery: 1. Participation of the community by empowering them to take control of reconstruction of their own houses and ensuring facilitation of owner-driven reconstruction. 2. A comprehensive view of housing reconstruction to include holistic habitat development including basic services and community infrastructure. Building Back Better should translate into a concept of "safer settlements". 3. Reconstruction should be a vehicle to build long-term community resilience. Reducing vulnerabilities and strengthening community capacities to mitigate future disasters by improving construction practices for majority of the building stock in the country. 4. Strengthening the local economy through reconstruction and processes favorable to the poor, marginalized and informal sector. Reconstruction should provide an opportunity for the...”
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“...such as access to water, sanitation, waste disposal, energy, and others, and efforts should be made to promote planning principles. At the local level, consultative processes with the community should be undertaken to identify the community infrastructure that needs to be built, repaired, improved, augmented, or enhanced. 4.5 Risk Sensitive Planning for Urban Areas Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) is conceptualizing the norms and standards for 'safer settlements' that advocate a method for integrating indigenous and technical knowledge to identify and mitigate multi-hazard risk. Appropriate policy development will be required for urban and rural context, reflecting the inherent differences, their level of impact and needs for recovery based on BBB concept. Also, long-term comprehensive urban recovery planning is required based on the future population forecast, future urban structure, risk sensitive land use plan, transportation plan and risk assessment. This 14...”
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“...settlements with heritage importance to ensure improvement of housing stock while maintaining the heritage value. Similarly infrastructural needs of small and new municipal areas need to be identified and planned during reconstruction. There is need for balanced growth by developing smaller municipalities taking a regional planning perspective. Housing reconstruction should follow this overall framework. On the other hand, in order to mitigate disasters for high rise buildings and maintain urban development, building code regulation on anti-seismic structure, height of buildings and floor-area ratio is required with institutional enforcement and management. 4.6 Strategy for Transition and Reconstruction Phase 4.6.1 Transition phase: In the short term, the focus of the recovery strategy is twofold: (1) to address immediate needs of the affected people during the transition phase, and (2) to plan, prepare and start the reconstruction phase. Temporary or transitional sheltering solutions are needed...”
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“...facilitation of such a large recovery effort will have to be managed by the proposed National Reconstruction Authority, The total five year budget for the cost of the socio technical facilitation including human resources, training, quality assurance and other governance functions is provided as 2.5% of total needs. 5.5 Technical Committee Identification of causes of heavy damage to buildings like soil profiles, improper design and detailing, poor construction practice, etc. will be the basis for development of feasible technical solutions for improvement. Measures will have to be identified for reconstruction of each building typology. Similarly, 21...”
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“...typologies; and ii) repairs and retrofitting of partially damaged buildings. Nepal National Building Code Development Project, DUDBC, UNESCO, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, World Housing Encyclopedia, Architecture Institute of Japan, etc. along with traditional local wisdom could be used to evolve a set of guidelines. The Technical Committee could guide preparation of 0 Illustrative guideline for each building typology for repair, remediation and seismic improvement 0 Illustrative guideline for each building typology for reconstruction 0 Guidelines on Training for Trainers for engineers, Junior engineers, foreman and craftsman (stone mason, brick mason, concrete mason, carpenter, etc) 0 Building inspection guideline, videos 0 Methods for dissemination of information. 5.6 Capacity building of Community Organisers, Artisans and Engineers There will be a need for capacity development of human resources. It is anticipated that nearly 20,000 masons and carpenters, 1500 junior engineers...”
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“...for complete damage while the functions for extensive damage were used for calculation of ratio for partial damage. The factors derived from the relative vulnerability of the buildings for different intensities are given below: Table 12: Factors derived from the relative vulnerability of the buildings for different intensities MMI PGA Damage LSM CBM RC VI 0.12 Complete 1.00 0.00 0.00 Partial 0.93 0.07 0.00 VI+ 0.17 Complete 0.93 0.07 0.00 Partial 0.60 0.31 0.09 2 Ramesh Guragain, 2015, Development of Earthquake Risk Assessment System for Nepal, PhD Dissertation, The University of Tokyo, Japan 3 HAZUS-MH. (2003). "Multi-hazard Loss Estimation Methodology." Department of Homeland Security, Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Washington D.C. 27...”
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“...into consideration. It is also important to clarify the purpose of damage categorization. Building damage gradation Details G1 No structural damage, slight non-structural damage G2 Slight structural damage, moderate non-structural damage G3 Moderate structural damage, heavy non-structural damage G4 Heavy structural damage, very heavy non-structural damage G5 Destruction - very heavy structural damage Detailed indicators are required based on the parameters presented above. Department of Urban Development and Building Construction, Government of Nepal has already developed guidelines on the above, however that needs updating taking into account Nepalese building typologies and experience gained from the 2015 Nepal Earthquake. Building Damage Categorization For financial assistance, a weightage based building damage categorization method is required which needs to be developed taking into account damage at component level, however the categorization system should be transparent. Financial assistance...”
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“...by the house owners as and when required. 2 Master Artisans -3,000 It is estimated that 3,000 Master Masons will be required for reconstruction project. Their role will be to guide and supervise the masons working on house sites. On average four Master Masons are allotted to each Village Development Committee (VDC) and municipality. These Master Masons will be full time employee of the project and will be based in respective VDCsand Municipalities. 3 Junior Engineer/Sub-overseer- 1,500 It is estimated that 150 junior engineers/ sub-overseers will be required for reconstruction. For the estimation of the requirement two (2) Junior Engineer/ sub-overseers have been allocated for each Village Development Committee (VDC) and municipality to provide support and guidance to the reconstruction process, advise to house owner and to approve the work and report to the government system of approval for release of next tranche. The Junior Engineer/Sub-overseers will be full time employees of the...”
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“...members of development partners. Based on the finalized implementation plans, budgets will be allocated to districts considering the identified needs and resource availability. While major infrastructure and equipment and routine drugs and supplies and major human resources will be provided from the center, the remaining activities will be accomplished by the Districts based on a guideline to be developed by the MoHP. Recovery and reconstruction initiatives will be implemented over next years requiring approximately 1.4%, 18.1% and 21.9% of the estimated budget respectively in 2014/15, 2015/16 and 2016/17. Rest of the years will require equal proportion of the budget i.e. 19.5% of estimates total budget for each year until 2019/20. Pre-Disaster Context and Baseline Baseline: Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP) has a network of 4,118 health facilities ranging from the central level specialized hospitals to Health Posts and Urban Health Centers at the Village Development Committee (VDC)...”
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“...2011). Per capita government expenditure on health is NPR827 in 2013/14 (Ministry of Finance, 2013/14) while the per capita total health expenditure is estimated to be US$ 38 in 2012 (Global database, WHO). Disaster Preparedness: Ministry of Health and Population (MoHP) with support of WHO and other development partners had conducted different activities as a part of preparedness for disaster. Health Emergency Operation Centre (HEOC) was established within the premises of MoHP in 2013 which was very helpful in managing the health sector response in the aftermath of earthquake. Similarly, hub-hospitals and satellite centres were identified for the emergency management of health care needs including preparation of roster and early deployment training was given to the hospital staff in Kathmandu valley. GIS mapping of health facilities was also carried out which was also helpful to quickly locate the health facilities and their status after the earthquake. Pre-positioning of medical logistics...”
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“...activities are based on prevailing network of health facilities. Any major resettlement of population might have implication in the number of health facility and their capacity and hence cost estimates. Implementation Arrangements Recovery and reconstruction of the health and population sector will be guided by a Joint Coordination Committee for Health Sector Recovery and Reconstruction which is led by the chief of Policy, Planning and International Cooperation Division and include members of development partners. The Committee will oversee the standards and specifications for health infrastructure and will be responsible for the reconstruction plan for damaged health facilities. After the finalization of the implementation plans, budgets will be allocated to districts considering the identified needs and resource availability. While major equipment and common supplies and major human resources will be provided from the center, the remaining activities will be accomplished by the districts...”
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“...Undernutrition Indicators. In the past five years, the prevalence of underweight; the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) indicator for nutrition; and wasting have increased. Figure 1: Child Undernutrition Rates (%) The MICS 2014 did not collect information on micronutrient status or on the nutrition status of women. However; the high anemia rate of 48 percent among pregnant women shown by NDHS 2011 is a depiction of widespread poor maternal nutrition status. Similarly; 46 percent of children aged 6-59 months were found to be anemic by the same survey and the prevalence was almost 70 percent amongst 6-23 month olds. Furthermore; according to MICS, nearly a quarter of children (24.2%) are born with low birth weight. In order to comprehend the degree of problem at district level before the earthquake; data was collated for the affected districts to the data of the corresponding eco-development region presented by MICS 2014. Table 1 provides a summary of key nutrition indicators taken from the...”
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“...system occurred. Water collection is often used for both household members and livestock, incurring a time, energy and child care cost. Nutritional status can be negatively impacted by reduced access to sanitation, possible increases of open defecation, reduced production of vegetables and other nutritious food as a result of damaged irrigation systems, and increased energy expended by walking longer distances, likely by women, to collect water. Majority of the schools and early childhood development (ECD) centers, including their water and sanitation facilities, are damaged in the 14 districts. The effect on the education sector is likely to have a direct and indirect effect on the nutrition sector as well. Damaged water and sanitation facilities may be linked to outbreaks of diseases such as diarrhea which can negatively impact nutritional status. The provision of mid-day meals by the education sector would support the nutritional needs of children, including both preschool (ages 3-5)...”
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“...factors contributing to both acute and chronic malnutrition. Research confirms that a child's first 1,000 days, from conception through a child's first two years of life, is a critical period for growth and development. Challenges affecting optimal growth and development during this window have lifelong effects on a child's physical and cognitive growth. Inadequate access to nutritious food, safe and hygienic environments, quality health services and caring practices may result in increased risk of morbidity and mortality in childhood, reduced learning capacity and school performance, increased risk of obesity and non-communicable diseases later in life and overall lower earning potential and decreased work capacity14. There is a unique opportunity for emergency response and development programmes to work synergistically to improve nutrition among women and child. Emergency response programmes provide an important platform for nutrition and food security activities but the interventions are...”
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“...Promote optimal child development through implementation of child care activities, in coordination with Ministry of Women Children and Social Welfare (MoWCSW) 279 231 children under five years 100 27 923 100 279 231 Intensify the promotion of optimal Maternal Infant and Young Child Nutrition (MIYCN) and hygiene including Behaviour Change Communication (BCC). [Breastfeeding and complementary feeding] 10 000 000 100 000 Intensify monitoring of compliance and Nepal Breast Milk Substitute (BMS) Act & Regulation to ensure that unsolicited BMS is not distributed and used 14 Districts 1 000 000 14 000 000 140 000 Management of severe acute malnutrition Establish and maintain management of severe acute malnutrition (SAM), including preventive and treatment services 10 000 children under 5 years 15 000 150 000 000 1 500 000 Caseload of SAM patients requires ongoing treatment services and commodities are available to support this treatment. Micronutrient supplementation Replenish...”
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“...Arrangements The above suggested activities will be implemented by the sectoral ministries ensuring intra and intersectoral coordination within the government system. Resources will be mobilised through effective partnership with the development partners. Food production activities will be led by agriculture sector, with strong collaboration, advocacy and promotion activities led by the health sector. The health sector will conduct child care activities in close collaboration with education and women children and social welfare sector. Assessment Methodology This Nutrition Sector PDNA is part of the broader PDNA conducted for all sectors under the overall leadership of the National Planning Commission. It is a joint exercise of the Government and the development partners. A combination of qualitative and quantitative tools from primary as well as secondary sources have been used. On May 24, the National Planning Commission (NPC) deployed four teams to Gorkha, Dhading, Sindhuli, Ramechhap,...”
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“...EDUCATION Summary The Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) for the education sector is part of the broader PDNA conducted for ail sectors under the overall leadership of the National Planning Commission. It is a joint exercise of the Government and the development partners, and has been led by the Ministry of Education (MOE). The overall objective of this assessment is to take stock of the damages and losses faced by the sector as a result of the 7.8 magnitude 25 April earthquake and its aftershocks, and provide estimates of the recovery and reconstruction needs using the principle of 'building back better'. The assessment covers the entire sector, which includes early childhood education and development (ECED), school education (grades 1-12), technical and vocational education and training (TVET), higher education, and non-formal education/life-long learning. The damages and losses for the sector are calculated based on the data and information provided to the MOE by the various sub-...”
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“...investments and receive no public grants. In 2012/13, there were 96 constituent, 429 community and 751 private campuses accounting for about 37%, 30% and 33% of the total higher education enrollment of 569,000, respectively. Tribhuvan University, the largest university in the country, accounted for nearly 88% of this enrollment. Progress Nepal has made good progress in enhancing access, equity and efficiency in school education, and remains committed to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) and Education for All (EFA) targets. The percentage of children ages 3-4 years accessing ECED has increased to 77.7% in 2014/15, and nearly 60% of the new entrants in grade 1 have ECED experience. The net enrollment rate has reached 96.1 at primary and 87.6 at the basic level. Likewise, gender parity in enrollments has been achieved at all levels of schooling. The share of hitherto marginalized groups such as Dalits and Janajatis has also increased in the total student population...”