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“...value of nearly 45,000,000 Haikuan taels, in
spite of the fact that in the latter year trade was hampered (1) by
the epidemic of pneumonic plague from December, 1910, to April,
1911; (2) by floods along the Sungari in June ; (3) by the outbreak
of the revolution in October. The chief contributing causes of this
prosperity have been the development of the export trade in the
soya bean, and secondly the establishment of many local industries,
which include flour mills, breweries' distilleries, candle and soap
manufactories, saw mills and sugar refineries. The chief market
for these local products lies in Eastern Siberia, and the trade has
received a considerable stimulus from the fact that owing to the
50-verst free zone on each side of the Russo-Chinese frontier, which
was established under the Russo-Chinese treaty of 1881, goods from
China may be imported into the Amur district, which includes large
towns such as Blagovestchensk and Habarovsk, free of Russian duty.
The recent decision of...”
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“...000L were landed
at Changchun, of which in all probability at least 400,000/. worth
were distributed in the Harbin district. What proportion of these
goods are British it is impossible to state with any accuracy, probably
not more than 10 per cent. Japanese import of cottons, as is well
known, has increased enormously of late years, but mainly at the
expense of American goods.
The Japanese firm which is the principal distributor of Japanese
cottons has the control of a large number of Japanese mills....”
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“...10
NORTH MANCHURIA
About 600,000 gallons are distributed along the Chinese Eastern
Railway stations and 670,000 gallons are sent either to the Amur
province or to small places on the Chinese side of the Amur.
Other local industries include brickworks, candle manufactories
(four), glassworks, oil mills, saw mills (ten) and soap manufactories.
A complete list of manufacturers in North Manchuria employing
machinery, and also a list of the principal commercial enterprises
established in Harbin, was forwarded to the Board of Trade in July
last.
Chinese Eastern Railway.—The Chinese Eastern Railway is the
most important trade artery in North Manchuria, and the develop-
ment of the district is mainly due to the construction of this line.
The distance from Manchuria, the western frontier station to Pogranit-
chnaya, where the line connects with the Ussuri Railway, is 1,388
versts (925 miles); the length of the southern section from
Harbin to Changchun is 148 miles ; from Harbin to Vladivostok...”
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