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“....................10
Beans........................................................................................................................................................................10
Bean cake............................................................................................................................................................11
„ oil.................................................................................................................11
South Manchuria Railway Company's oil mill............................................................12
Other cereals......................................................................................................................................................13
Seeds........................................................................................................................................................................13
Dairen Staple Produce Exchange .................................”
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“...3
Contents—continued.
Page
-Annexes—continued.
4.—Share of each country in trade for 1913 (value) ..........................................30
5-— ,, i, „ „ (tons) ..........................................30
6.—Exports from Manchuria into leased territory, 1911-13........................31
7.—Exports of beans, bean cake and bean oil, 1911-13....................................31
8.—Value of junk trade of the port, 191-2-13 ............................................................32
9.—Return of shipping entered, 1912-13...................................................33
10.— „ „ cleared, 1912-13........................................................................33
11.— „ British shipping entered and cleared, 1913 ........................34
12.—Share of each nationality in carrying trade, 1913 (foreign) ............34
13.— „ „ „ „ (China treaty
ports).................................................................................................35
Currency.—The following...”
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“...SKETCH MAP of part of MANCHURIA
(with Dairen trade report)
Ordnance, Survey QfTTice.SautJia7npto7v.1914....”
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“...Dairen
as a centre of distribution for Japanese goods destined for the interior
of Manchuria. The first of these innovations was the reduction of
customs duties by one-third on goods imported into Manchuria from
or through Corea and exported from Manchuria, to or through Corea
by rail via Antung. This concession was granted by the Chinese
Government in response to the Japanese claim to share in the privilege
under which land-borne goods from Russia are admitted into China
at this reduced rate of duty, and was brought into operation on
June 2. A few weeks later—in August—the Japanese and Corean
railway authorities announced a reduction in the freight on certain
classes of goods consigned to Manchuria from Japan by rail. A
comparison of freight and other charges showed that these two changes
would give certain goods, more especially cotton yarn and tissues—
the chief Japanese articles imported into Manchuria—a cheaper rate
from Osaka to Mukden via Corea and Antung than by sea to Dairen
and...”
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“...incidence of taxation more evenly. At the time of
writing this report this question was still being investigated by the
Kwantung government.
The final blow to Dairen merchants consisted of a proposal made
at the railway conference between representatives of the South
Manchuria, Corean and Japanese railways held in December, that
the first named railway should reduce its rates of carriage for certain
classes of goods, of which the most important would be cotton tissues
and yarn, between Antung and Mukden, commencing from April 1,
1914. The South Manchuria Railway is opposed to the project,
and has secured a postponement of the change until May 1. This
question also is still unsettled, but in the event of the South Manchuria
Railway having to give way, similar reductions will probably be made
■over the Dairen-Mukden line.
There appears to be a possibility that the future may see the
diversion to Dairen of part of the merchandise now imported at
iSTewchwang. The districts served by the two...”
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“...reductions in
duty and freight on cotton goods imported into Manchuria via Corea
and Antung. The net result of these reductions is that cotton tissues
forwarded by the overland route from Japan have an advantage of
1 yen per bale over goods sent by sea to Dairen and thence to Mukden.
The returns for 1913 show little effect from these changes, as trade
was very active during the first part of the year before they took place,
but it is contended by local business men that a great quantity of'
yarn and tissues was diverted from Dairen subsequently. However,
the position of the port as a centre of distribution for cotton goods
intended for the leased territory and Manchuria south of Mukden,,
as well as for some of the neighbouring Chinese ports, will not be
affected by these changes.
Exception has been taken to the reduction of freight on the ground,
that Japanese piece-goods woven from coarse yarn already command,
the market in Manchuria, and that the lower freight merely robs the:
railways and...”
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“...instance of Japanese jeans being
imported into Manchuria, as only during the last year or so have the
Japanese weavers been able to produce this kind of cloth. Other
instances of the growth of Japanese competition in the market for
tissues woven from fine yarn may be noticed in the increase of the
imports of grey shirtings from 4,890 pieces worth 2,2742. in 1912
to 48,830 pieces worth 23,6022. in 1913, and in the import of 29,940
pieces of white shirtings valued at 22,1012. in 1913.
The imports of cotton goods from the United Kingdom show
substantial increases as compared with previous years.
Cotton yarn.—Japanese cotton yarn again shows an increase of
about 1,000,000 lbs. Imports from India and the United Kingdom
show an improvement as compared with 1912.
Metals.—Imports of metals increased from 187,2352. in 1912 to
237,8052. in 1913. The erection of buildings, railway construction,
and harbour works in the leased territory and Manchuria require
considerable supplies of this and other...”
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“...South Manchuria Railway, the exports of bean cake amounted
to 555,428 tons in 1913, as compared with 469,089 tons in 1912. Of
this total 492,985 tons were sent to Japan, either for use as manure
there or for transhipment to the United States. The quantity sent
to South China has fallen off by more than half. This may possibly
be due to increased exports thither from Newchwang.
Prices were much the same as in the previous year, ranging from
2s. ll-M. per picul in September to 2s. Id. per picul in May and July.
It is possible that the demand in the United Kingdom for oil cake
of this description as a food for cattle might be partly met by bean
cake from Dairen were there some means of transporting it in good
condition. The cake at present exported contains too much oil to
withstand the changes of climate experienced on the journey to
Europe, and is only just capable of arriving in proper condition at the
Pacific ports of America. The cake to be produced at the new South
Manchuria Railway...”
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“...transport of bean
oil. By using these new tins all danger of the oil being tainted by
traces of kerosene, as must sometimes happen when second-hand tins
are used, will be avoided, and it is considered possible in this way to
replace the wicker crates now used for the transport of bean oil to
Chinese ports. As this oil is largely used for edible purposes in China
it is important that the flavour should not be impaired, and conse-
quently old kerosene tins are not used for oil sent there.
South Manchuria Railway Company's oil mill.—The experimental
mill erected by this company at Dairen is not expected to start work
before May, 1914. The capacity of the mill is 50 tons of beans in
24 hours. The oil is to be extracted by the benzine process. This
mill and the new Santai oil mill, which was erected in 1913 to replace
the one burned down the year before, are the only ones in Dairen
which extract oil by this process, all the others having adopted the
crushing method. It is contended that by the...”
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“...dealers. The effect of its establishment has been to
encourage rather than suppress the speculative nature of the bean
trade, although, on the other hand, the deposit of guarantee money
against each contract has taken away the risk formerly attached to
these transactions
Coal.—Exports of coal again showed a very large increase,
namely, 1,011,152 tons worth 637,089?., as against 446,167 tons worth
269,624?. in 1912 and 147,321 tons worth 94,6262. in 1911.
This coal all comes from the South Manchuria Railway Company's
colliery at Fushun, the output of which in 1913 amounted
to 2,049,813 tons. The company has been making special efforts to
extend the market for the product of its mines. Two steamers were
purchased in the United Kingdom during the year to be employed
exclusively in carrying coal from the regular ports of export, such as
Dairen and Newchwang.
The following table shows the principal countries to which coal
was exported in 1913, with the quantity taken by each :—
Tons.
Japan...”
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“...darien 15
Japanese.—The increase in shipping noticed in the preceding
paragraph is accounted for principally by Japanese vessels, as they
show 498 clearances and 612,746 tons more than in 1912.
During 1913 a new steamship company, the South Manchuria
Steamship Company, was formed in Dairen by a Japanese firm in
Kobe with a capital of 500,000 yen (50,911/.), and the Hokushin
Rinsen Kwaisha was re-incorporated with a capital of 100,000 yen
(10,182?.), under the name of the Dairen Steamship Company. A
fairly regular service of cargo steamers between Dairen and Hong-
Kong has been started by the South Manchuria Railway Company
with two chartered vessels.
British.—British shipping still holds second place (vide Annexes
9 and 10), but shows a falling-off of 38 vessels and 40,582 tons entered,
and 37 vessels and 34,172 tons cleared. This decrease was shared
by the regular lines calling at the port.
German.—109 German vessels with a total tonnage of 191,502
tons cleared during the year. These...”
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“...the east side of the East Wharf has been
completed, and only 10 per cent, of the work of reclaiming land for the
dangerous goods storage place and the laying of a railway track remains
to be done.
Fog signal.—The Dairen Marine Association has placed a fog gun
on the southern extremity of Minami Sanzan-to, the southermost
of the three islands at the entrance to the port.
Dock.—The Kawasaki Dock has been widened and is now capable
of accommodating steamers of 6,000 tons gross tonnage.
South Manchuria Railway Company. Receipts for the year.—The
following table shows the company's receipts for the year under review
from the principal branches of its business :—
9
5 vessels
Tonnage,
10,000
4,000
3,000
£
Electrical enterprises
Shipping......
Wharves......
96,474
46,509
154,202...”
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“...DAI REN.
31
Annex 6.—Table showing the Principal Articles Exported from
Manchuria into the Leased Territory by Railway during the Years
1911-13.
Articles. 1911. 1912. 1913.
Tons. Tons. Tons.
Bean cake 106,894 92,667 114,009
Beans ...... 547,246 494,141 570,089
Bones, animal 1,946 2,848 4,407
Cereals—•
Barley 344 1,151 1,129
Kaoliang ... 31,226 21,715 59,574
Maize 6,571 6,744 10,410
Millet ............ 15,337 29,790 40,488
Rice 4,079 1,861 1,861
Wheat ............ 11,888 118 282
Other kinds 18,918 12,388 23,480
Coal............... 347,386 734,328■ 1,195,205
Flour............... 3,837 856 316
Groundnuts and melon seeds 882 1,215 2,106
Oil-
Bean ... ...... 4,472 1,295 387
Kerosene ... 887 1,059 404
Samshu 2,150 2,026 2,158
Stones...... ...... 1,964 3,167 1,701
Silk-
Raw, wild ... ... ...... 1,069 899 867
Cocoons, wild ...... 1,109 1,438 3,168
Timber and wood of all kinds 474 1,842 2,674
Tobacco 395 923 1,996
Annex 7.—Dairen Wharf Office Return of the Quantity of Beans,
Bean Cake...”
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