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“...purchaser
of bean cakes. Quantities also find their way into the markets of
South China. It can hardly, however, be said that anything con-
nected with beans is at the present moment in a satisfactory condition
in this part of Manchuria.
The oldest mills in existence in the leased territory are at Pitzuwo.
Those at Dairen are quite new, the first having been built in 1906.
They were then worked in the primitive Chinese method; but in
1908 improvements were introduced, iron pressers or crushers being
substituted for stone rollers, and steam or oil taking the place of
donkeys. Since then there has been a great increase in the number
of the mills, and it is estimated that in Dairen, which has become
the centre of the industry, there are now as many as 50 mills, with
an estimated daily output of 175 tons of oil and 70,000 bean cakes.
Bricks and cement.—Two other promising industries are the manu-
facture of bricks and cement. Among brickfields in the peninsula
the largest is probably that situated...”
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“...20 '
liaotung peninsula.
Warehouses.—The warehouses now in existence number 25 with
an area of over 23 acres, and, as the railway runs its goods trains not
only to the wharves themselves but also even to the kerosene tanl^s
and bean mills beyond, it will be evident that merchants and shippers
do not lack for conveniences.
Nature of trade of Dairen.—Speaking roughly, it may be said
that Dairen is at present rather a port of export than of import,
though the difference between the respective values of the two branches
of trade is by no means overwhelming. Exports are mainly cereals,
with beans and their by-products leading easily, and coal, the latter
of primary interest to the South Manchuria Railway Company.
Among imports the chief are railway and engineering material generally,
cotton piece-goods, cigarettes, kerosene oil, sugar, glass, alcohol and
flour. At least these are the imports that chiefly interest the foreign
merchant. It is impossible in the absence of statistics on the subject...”
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“...on ] 2,000 tons being sent. Simultaneously there was an increase
in the number of bean mills in the port. In 1907 there had been
only three or four, working in the old-fashioned Chinese style; but in
1908 14 more were built, one of them a big joint Chinese-Japanese
establishment with a daily output capacity of 7,000 cakes. The
greater part of the import trade was naturally Japanese, America
came second (this was the period during which the railway spent the
proceeds of the loans raised in the United Kingdom in buying supplies
in the United States) and a small balance fell to other countries.
In 1909 there was a noticeable falling-off in the value of imports
owing to over-stocking the year before. In exports beans, which
had promised so well in 1908, were, for reasons already pointed out,
a failure, and prices appreciated to such an extent that export became
unprofitable, while some of the bean mills had to shut down. This
year saw the commencement of the export of bean oil to Europe, a...”
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