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“...No. 3052 Annual Series.
DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR REPORTS.
CHINA.
REPORT FOR THE YEAR 1902
on the
TRADE OF CHEFOO.
REFERENCE TO PREVIOUS REPORT, Annual Series No. 2652.
Presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of His Majesty,
AUGUST, 1903.
LONDON:
PRINTED FOB HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE,
BY HARRISON AND SONS, ST. MARTIN'S LANE,
printers in ordinary to his majesty.
And to be purohaecd, either directly or through any Bookseller, from
EYRE & SPOTTISWOODE, Bast Harding Street, Fleet Street, KU,
and 32, Abcnodon Street, Westminster, S.W.;
or OLIVER A BOYD, Edinburgh;
or E. PONSONBY, 116, Graiton Street, Dublin.
1903.
[Cd. 1386—129.] Price Three Halfpence....”
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“...Past and future of Chefoo ..............................................................................................................................................................12
Tsingtao—
Trade of, in 1902 ................................................................................................................................................................12
Shipping at................................................................................................................................................................................................................13
Exports, silk and 6traw braid ........................................................................................................................................................13
Railway, progress of .......................................................................................................................................................................14
Chefoo—
Shipping, general...”
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“...No. 3052. Annual Series.
Reference to previous Report, Animal Series No. 2652.
Report on the Trade of Chefoo for the Year 1902
By Mr. Consul Hekbert F. Beady.
(Chefoo, April 21, 1903; received at Foreign Office, June 27, 1903.)
The steady development which has taken place during the last Comparison
decade in the trade of this port has been well maintained during bet^fc0en11e^°2
the year under review, although, as will be noticed, there is an yg0r!) 111
actual decline as compared with the figures of the previous year
of 1,736,097 taels (225,692Z.). The conditions of the trade in 1901
were, however, exceptional, and the returns for that year cannot
therefore, in my opinion, be taken as an indication of its normal
state, though it may well be that these figures may be reached
or even out-stripped in the near future. Various causes account
for the decline. The disturbed state of the province during the Special
previous year had, in 1901, given place to a comparative sense of g^!^"5
peace...”
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“...4
CHEFOO.
taels (4,805,194/!.) as compared with 37,660,510 taels (5,713,670?.)
in 1901 ; these figures, as well as those in the following tables,
are exclusive of treasure, the import and export of which during
the year were valued at 12,655,471 taels (1,645,215?.) and 12,257,002
taels (1,813,015?.) respectively.
Development The subjoined table gives the composition and value in currency
during "last and sterling of the trade during the last five years, the rate of
10 years. exchange for each year being added, as in the case of previous
reports, for the purpose of accurate comparison :—
Net Totals.
[Year. Imports. Exports (Native).1 Total.
Foreign. Native.
Currency. Sterling. Currency. Sterling. Currency. Sterling. Currency. Sterling.
1902 ... 1901 ... 1900 ... 1899 ... 1898 ... Taels. 18,297,486 19,256,466 11,084,753 12,270,893 14,542,823 £ 2,378,743 2,881,336 1,721,008 1,868,730 2,075,654 Taels. 6,111,047 6,533,043 5,570,863 5,587,335 4,033,319 £ 799,454 968,024 866...”
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“...chefoo.
5
divisions, foreign imports, native imports and exports. As a Revenue,
consequence, the revenue collected by the foreign customs, which increase of.
for the year amounted to 815,850 taels, shows an increase of 457,650
taels on 1893 and 543,273 taels as compared with 1883, that is to
say, a net increase of over 125 per cent, within a period of 10 years,
and almost' 200 per cent, in 20 years, the actual figures for the years
being :—
The revised import tariff, the outcome of the Article 6e of the
Peace Protocol of September 7, 1901, came into force on October 31
last, so that the revenue for 1902 was affected by it merely to a
small extent.
The falling-ofE in the imports in 1902, compared with 1901, Imports,
may be attributed to some extent to the facilities of transport
afforded by the railway from Tsingtao to Weihsien, which was
opened in June last, and also to the decrease in the amount of rice
brought in.
With regard to the exports the difference is so slight that it Exports...”
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“...6
CHEFOO.
Of the cotton goods, 373,767?. represent the value of American
sheetings, drills and jeans, the figures for which were 289,322?.,
75,339?. and 9,106?. respectively. Japanese cotton goods amounted
to 19,543?., the bulk of the remainder, 916,664?., being probably-
British, though it is impossible to establish this fact, as the customs
do not take cognisance of the nationality of merchandise, except
in regard to certain articles.
Cotton yam. Cotton yarn is one of the exceptions, the quantities and values
of each country being given, and in this the Japanese take the lead
with 127,432 cwts., valued at 375,721?., followed by Indian with
45,745 cwts., valued at 129,881?., and British 1,397 cwts., valued
at 5,3371. Hong-Kong yarn figures this year for the first time in
the returns with 1,119 cwts., of the value of 3,184?., the product
of-the cotton mill started in 1899.
The partiality of the middle and lower classes for the fabrics of
the native looms, because of their greater dinability...”
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“...at Tsingtao, but as
the output is still on a small scale it is scarcely enough to supply
their local consumption.
The demand for aniline dyes, which are used chiefly for dyeing Aniline dyes,
cloth, and are preferred for the brilliancy of their colours, is in-
creasing, although there is a shrinkage on last year's figures.
The drop in American flour amounted to no less a sum than American
132,129£. in value, which is to some extent accounted for by ship- u '
ments, which formerly came through Chefoo, going direct to Port
Arthur from America, but more so to the growing demand for the
Shanghai milled native grown flour, which, being a cheaper article
and the quality sufficient for the native requirements, has ousted
the finer but more expensive production of the American mills.
The import of native flour for the three years, 1900-02, are as
under, namely:—
The demand for matches shows no sign of having reached its Matches,
limit. Japanese are being imported in increasing quantities, the
figures...”
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“...8
CHEFOO.
Sugar
(foreign).
The imports of sugar in 1902 show an enormous increase over
previous years, largely due to heavy speculations by native hongs
who were tempted by the smart drop in prices to lay in heavy
stocks in anticipation of a rise in the market. This sugar comes
almost entirely from Hong-Kong. The following are the figures
for the last three years :—
Year. Quantity. Yalue.
Cwts. Taels.
1900.. 166,V88 699
1901.. » « • « • • • 254,324 1,154,542
1902.. ........ 554,318 2,241,785
Aerated water,
candles, cigars
and cigarettes.
The import of native sugar fromSwatow does not appear to'have
been affected by the foreign article, as the average during a number
of years past is well maintained. This is owing perhaps to its
cheapness, and also to the fact that it forms a medium of barter
between Chefoo and'the southern ports, being taken in exchange
for the produce of this province.
Japanese and German beet sugar have been unable to compete
on this market; a small importation...”
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“...to be
begun as soon as the warm weather sets in.
The output of .Tussah silk (from oak-fed cocoons) in 1902 was Tussah silk,
about 8,000 bales, and of yellow silk (from mulberry-fed cocoons)
about 2,500 bales. Most of the Tussah and about 2,000 bales of
the yellow silk were exported via Chefoo, the remainder going through
Tsingtao; but, in the opinion of competent Chinese, these figures
are likely to be considerably modified during the ensuing year
on account of the greater facilities and cheaper freight now offered
by the new German railway. Silk, unlike straw braid, does not
find any extensive market in Chefoo, the principal buyers being in
Shanghai.
There are now between 16 and 20 filatures in Chefoo occupied Filatures,
in reeling Tussah silk, two only employing foreign machinery.
Of these two, one is old and is partly owned by a German firm,
the other is newly built (being only just completed) and equipped...”
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“...10
CHEFOO.
Cocoons,
import of,
into Chefoo.
Pongee.
Waste silk.
Straw braid.
with up-to-date steam-driven machinery; it is the joint property
of British and Chinese. On account of labour difficulties and the
facilities offered for "squeeze," it has not hitherto been found
practicable for foreigners to work Tussah silk except on joint
account with the Chinese. The output for the two foreign filatures
for the year was about 1,300 bales. Most of the Tussah silk went
to New York and Japan, the bulk of the yellow silk going to Lyons.
The Japanese demand is comparatively recent and is increasing,
having risen from practically nil in 1900 to about 3,500 bales last
year. A certain amount is re-exported from Japan, but it is believed
the bulk of it is required for home consumption, replacing the white
silk which the Japanese themselves produce and largely export.
Only a limited number of cocoons (mostly mulberry) are produced
in Shantung, most of the Tussah cocoons coming from Manchuria
via...”
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“...The trade at Tsingtao has been considerably developed
between the years 1899 and 1902, as shown by the figures in the
Tsingtao notes on trade, which are annexed. German firms have,
however, considered it worth their while to establish themselves
in Chefoo, probably because as yet Chinese dealers in Tsingtao are
only agents for principals in Chefoo. An increasing quantity of
straw braid is now finding its way via Tsingtao in transit from the
interior, the railway passing through or close to the braid-producing
districts. This might be obviated if more regular and frequent
steamer communication were established between this port and
Yang Chiao Kou, the port nearest to Laichou, one of the principal
braid centres in this province. So long as the service is irregular
and uncertain (as it is at present) this cannot be expected, as dealers
naturally select the route offering the most facilities, and this they
now have in the German railway which takes their goods into
Tsingtao, where they can be...”
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“...12
CHEFOO.
I understand an enterprising Chinaman is importing foreign
machinery into Chefoo for pressing groundnuts, beans, &c., and
the experiment will be watched with considerable interest. Prices
have been high on account of scarcity of beans.
Cattle. Port Arthur continues to take considerable quantities of cattle.
Eggs. In eggs there is a large export both to Russian and Japanese
ports.
Past and Up to within the last few years Chefoo has enjoyed the un-
Chefoo°f disputed possession of the trade of Shantung and the Gulf of Pechihli,
it being the only treaty port in this province, and so far Tsingtao
does not appear to have materially affected it; but in the near
future the German colony cannot fail to absorb some of the trade,
and the port of Dalny may also become a competitor. There can
be little doubt, in my opinion, that Tsingtao will attract much of
the trade which has hitherto found its way hither, not because
it is nearer to Shanghai, but because of the immense advantage...”
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“...14
CHEFOO.
I am informed the railway is steadily growing in favour and is
being patronised by the Chinese to the full extent anticipated.
On railway imports alone, i.e., goods going inland from Tsingtao
by rail, the customs collected last year a revenue of over 100,000
taels (I3,000£.). The system adopted is to pass the goods going
inland at the railway terminus, where the customs have an examining
office in the railway goods shed, whence, after payment of the import
duty to the Chinese (foreign) customs, they are taken and placed
in locked wagons, which are not opened until the frontier station
is passed. For exports the line has been patronised to a less extent,
especially as regards silk, which still finds a better market at Chefoo.
Straw braid, on the other hand, as previously noted, is already being
diverted to a considerable extent by rail to Tsingtao. Traffic is
now open as far as Changlo, a distance of about 140 miles, and the
line is being vigorously pushed forward; it is expected...”
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“...chefoo.
15
Flag- British ........ VrI 1902. Taels. 15,375,672 ue. 1898. Taels. 12,856,437
Chinese 9,747,274 7,058,969
Japanese 8,795,739 3,442,689 2,794,221
German 4,323,448
Norwegian and Swedish • ],289,634 1,233,043
Russian 1,214,239 1,255,079
French 103,365 . ,
Corean 100,934 719,581
Dutch ........ 59,959
American 43,215 137,789
Danish ■• 4-7,190
Total 41,053,509 28,414,998
Two German, two French, three American, one Russian and Opening of
two British firms have been established here within the past year, new firms-
in addition to the Japanese firms previously alluded to.
The native passenger returns show 174,326 brought into the Native
port and 173,993 taken away from the port by foreign ships ; they |^™ger
include a large number who travelled in vessels of war. Most of
these were coolies going to or returning from Port Arthur, where
fchey are employed on the Manchurian railway or on other Russian
Government works.
The passenger traffic from " inland waters " aggregated...”
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“...Annex I.—Return of Principal Articles of Import into Chefoo during the Years 1898-1902.
1898. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902.
A L" 1
Articles.
Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value.
£ £ £ £ £
Foreign import6—
Opium, Indian Cwts. .. 591 47,505 1,684 139,348 1,113 105,390 1,094 101,409 723 58,368
Cottons—
Shirtings— 289,337
Grey, plain Pieces .. 303,209 92,686 271,257 89,163 190,005 82,600 12S,392 268,224 113,325
White, plain n • ■ 73,708 24,826 78,765 28,811 80,040 37,268 107,313 55,557 156,819 74,410
Dyed, plain n ■ • 7,355 3,341 15,194 6,932 9,649 5,092 14,186 7,554 14,117 6,550
,, figured .. u • • 14,204 6,120 8,696 4,331 6,904 3,858 5,915 3,150 7,028 3,307 o
T-clotlis 151,393 43,765 108,290 30,290 79,097 25,781 82,634 26,890 71,590 18,614 ffi t?=J
Indian ,t • • 2,272 543 775 203 5,205 1,454 2,570 722 ' 280 59 ^
Japanese ii 21,356 5,920 58,175 16,284 41,923 13,013...”
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“...Beturn of Principal Articles of Import into Chefoo clnriny the Years 189S-1902—continued.
00
Articles. IS Quantity. 38. Value. 18" Quantity. )9. Value. 19 Quantity. DO. Value. 19 Quantity. 31. Value. 19 Quantity. 32. Yalue.
£ £ £ £ £
Foreign imports—contd. Soda .. .. .. Cwts. Stores, household 9,943 •• 0,330 10,?53 18,720 10,638 13,934 16,998 5,181 4,935
Sugar— Brown .. .. Cwts. White Refined .. .. „ Candy .. ...... Other imports 83,026 52,530 31,618 5,614 37,884 32,414 23,200 4,149 166,225 133.676 70,145 25,425 8,083 68,267 4-8,833 20,502 0,622 177,589 88,033 54,340 14,4:5 4 9,3G1 <17.378 40,382 12,137 8,299 145,095 120,539 65.603 52,705 9,-172 60,034 48,912 47,003 8,827 251,437 32.
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“...Annex II.—Return of Principal Articles of Export from Chefoo during the Years 1898-1902.
to
o
Articles. 1808. i 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902.
1
Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value. Q.uantity. Value. Quantity. ! Value.
Bean cake Beans, various Cattle...... Eggs, fresh G-inseng, Corean Grounduuts Groundnut oil .. Hides, cow, buffalo, ass Mules Oil, bean Silk— Eaw, white .. ,, yellow .. Cwts. .. Head .. Pieces .. Cwts. .. u '' a * • Number Cwts. .. 1,161,331 92,570 5,905,005 47 86,936 53.073 1,152 22 4,034 £ 176,656 26,848 4,567 10|ll2 21,077 46,973 3,530 185 ' 3,440 1,255,496 4-7,868 5,150 6,927,334 37 81,054 39,532 2,708 30 622 £ 236,988 15,537 23,078 7,143 7,679 21.806 40,117 7,429 250 574 1,3S2,693 83,955 9,746 5,154,188 33 129,161 16,292 5,405 265 5,383 £ 252,376 26,351 4-5,380 6,440 7,407 37,046 19,116 15,153 1,633 5,198 1,864,840 177,479 13,989 9,341,135 32 175,090 20,950 5,932 113 29,568 £ 324,390 45,867 62,076 11,024 7,456 £0,035 21,869...”
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