Great Britain and the East

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1		“...the East. July 31; 1941. ii /> THE IMPERIAL BANK OF IRAN (Incorporated by Royal Charter, 1889) CAPITAL (fully paid) - £1,000,000 RESERVE Reserve Liability of Shareholders, £1,000,000 £760,000 Branches in Iran :— Ahwat Bushire Hamaaan Isfahan Chief Office in Iran—TEHERAN. Kermanshah Resht Khurramshahr Shiraz Meshed Sultanabad Tabriz Teheran {Bazaar Office) Zahedan Branches in Iraq:—Baghdad, Basra. The Bank transacts Banking business of every description in and connected , with Iran and Iraq ; and in London, grants Drafts, Telegraphic Transfers and Letters of Credit, and negotiates or collects Bills on Iran and Iraq. Head Office 11, TELEGRAPH STREET, MOORGATE, E.C.2 IONIAN BANK LIMITED ESTABLISHED 1839 WHY NOT become a regular subscriber to GREAT BRITAIN AND THE EAST? THE BRITISH BANK FOR THE NEAR EAST Incorporated by Royal Charter in 1842 and Registered under the Companies’ Acts in 1883. Capital: Authorised £1,000,000, Paid-up £600,000 SUBSCRIPTION RATES UNITED KINGDOM and ABROAD : 12 Months...”

2		“...GREAT BRITAIN AND THE EAST INCORPORATING " THE NEAR EAST AND INDIA ” Telegrams: Eastaprox, Westcent, London. Telephone: Holborn 8254-5 A Weekly Review of the Politics, Commerce and Finance of Great Britain, the Balkans, Turkey, Egypt, the Sudan, Malta, Cyprus, Palestine, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Arabia, India, Afghanistan, the Federated Malay States, China and Japan. Editorial Officet: "GREAT BRITAIN AND THE EAST,” 133/136, High Holborn, London, W.C.I. Editorial Director: Str Alfred Watson. Managing Editor: E. A. Mackenzie-Bell. No. 1575—VOL. LVII. THURSDAY, JULY 31, 1941 Established 1911 The aims of this Journal are the interpretation of Great Britain to the East, and of the East to Great Britain, and the promotion of British Trade. PRINCIPAL CONTENTS Page NOTES OF THE WEEK..................... 65 LEADING ARTICLES— Hitler’s Dilemma ... ... ... 67 Far Eastern Shadows ... ... 67 SPECIAL ARTICLES— Japan’s Threat to Burma and India ... 68 Middle Eastern Skies are Blue Again. By Kenneth Williams...”

3		“...assumption that he will, for such a campaign assumes a rapid advance over hundreds of miles of territory to arrive at oil fields that would certainly have been destroyed before they could be taken over. Russia can obtain additional oil supplies from other quarters, but Germany cannot. A campaign in the Caucasus in the closing months of the year would consume far more oil than Hitler could hope to .obtain. There is greater proba- bility that the German thrust would turn in the direction of Syria and Iraq, but there, too, are formidable obstacles to be overcome. Against all or any of the possible thrusts precautions have to be taken by the Allies, but the reason- able assumption is that Germany is already fully engaged. Shadows of war lengthen till they touch all the contin- ents and darken the seven seas. As we write, Japan has not actually struck against the Allies, and’ even now may hold her hand from the blow that would finally involve her in the fate of the Axis. But she has taken the step...”

4		“...assault on the whole Italian position in East Africa continued remorselessly, and the Duce’s warriors were ejected from Cyrenaica. Few realised, however, with what slender resources Wavell’s men had effected so swift a change. Realisation of this began to dawn with the developments in Greece, in Crete, and again in Cyrenaica. Back rolled the clouds over the Middle East. Anxiety was expressed alike for Egypt and Cyprus. The uncertainty of the whole position was further empha- sised by developments in Iraq and Syria, the regulation of which is still possibly incomplete, but which will most cer- tainly redound to the credit of British arms. From the borders of Iran to the Eastern Mediterranean the British and their Allies now have the situation in hand, and the threat to Egypt is more calculable than a few months ago. The Russian Problem If one could speak of the moment only, indeed, it might be said that the Middle Eastern skies, are now blue. But that would be too daring a generalisation. Confidence...”

5		“...perhaps shortly, when the position invites a counter- attack. It is certain that the Russians will be quick to seize such an opportunity, and a break through, if it were accomplished, would have sensational consequences. Those who have been consistently forecasting a long struggle would realise that they had left something out of the calculation. Arabian Fighter Planes Somewhere in England recently Lady Cox, widow of Sir Percy Cox, whose work in the Persian Gulf and as first High Commissioner in Iraq was a great influence in cement- ing Anglo-Arabian friendship, presented three fighter planes for the use of the R.A.F. These machines, bought by the Persian Gulf Fighter Fund, were named “Kuwait,’’ “Bahrain,” and “Oman.” To that fund all sections of the community round the Persian Gulf made their contributions. There could be no better or more practical evidence of the sentiments of the Arab peoples in this war. THE COLONIAL SERVICE The following are among recenr appointments in the Colonial...”

6		“...to give encouragement to a movement that would to some degree lessen national independence, but .opinion is moving strongly along these lines in the other Arab centres. The war has given strength to the feeling in favour of greater cohesion, as it has demonstrated that singly the Arab nations would be easy prey for restless neighbours, while in union they would present the strongest front to any would-be aggressor. It would seem that Pan- Arab thought is more active than at any previous period. Iraq to go Ahead With Public Works {From Our Baghdad Correspondent) The Press announces that most of the important capital works schemes, on which operations were suspended during the month of May, are now to go ahead. Work has already been resumed on a number of new State buildings, including the Medico-Legal Institute, the Technical Col-, lege, the Automatic Telephone Exchange, and the new Night Secondary School. It is explained that the resump- tion of work, notwithstanding the present economic...”

7		“...—Tientsin Book & Stationery Co. CYPRUS------ FAMAGUSTA.—D. K. Panagides. NICOSIA.—Dick Soultanian. EGYPT----- ALEXANDRIA.—Au Papyrus Hachette. CAIRO.—Express Book & Stationery Storo PORT SAID.—Simon Artz Ltd. Obtainable in the United Kingdom from all the leading newsagents and from the Railway Bookstalls HONG KONG-------- Kelly & Walsh Ltd. INDIA---- BOMBAY.—Thacker & Co. CALCUTTA.—Thacker Spink & Co. (1933) Ltd. DELHI.—Wheeler & Co. Railway Bookstalls. MADRAS.—Higginbotham’s Associated Publishers. IRAQ— BAGHDAD.—The Bookshop. Rashid Library. MALTA------ VALLETTA.—Butler’s. PALESTINE------- HAIFA.—Pales Press Co. Felix Nagler. JAFFA.—Pales Press Co. H. E. Salib & Co. JERUSALEM.—Pales Press Co. TEL AVIV.—Pales Press Co. SUDAN_____ KHARTOUM.—Sudan Bookshop. U.S.A.— NEW YORK CITY—38, Union Square, Universal Distributors Company, of Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son, and Wyman & c°j. Printed l>y The Marshall Press, 7, Milford I.ane, London, W.C.2, and published by the Proprietors at the offices,...”