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“...Published by the Chefoo Schools Association
The Chefoo Magazine
Published si/iee 1908
2016
FEATURED IN THIS ISSUE
Louis Magrath King: the Chefusian who married a Tibetan woman of nobility, by Ian Grant 9
Memories of a Day Student, by Norvin Rothschild 11
Preface to a new Chinese translation of Langdon Gilkey's Weihsien story, by Mary Taylor Previte 14
My memories of Kuling, by Frank Kitchen, with Gordon Martin 19
Joe Tucker, Massey Ferguson Salesman and Visionary, by Gary Heffner 32
Why 1 Remember Newington Green, by Norman Austin 34
In Memory of Norman Bethune, byAlvyn Austin 39
Full Table of Contents Contents 3
WHY IS ZHIFU (CHEFOO) NOW NAMED YANTAI?
In the 1860s, following the Second Opium War, a new treaty port was designated to Weihsien. But that was soon found to be unsuitable because it was not accessible to shipping, so it was moved to Zhefu, where it became Chefoo to Westerners. Chefoo, as Gordon Martin wrote, was "an insignificant group of fishermen's dwellings." But Chefoo was also...”
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“...counting. While this journal, and membership in the Chefoo Schools Association have always been available to OMF Chefusians, for the most part, if they even heard about them, few have found it to be of much interest to them.
The reality is, The Chefoo Magazine was established by a bona fide alumni association, which, by its nature, is positive in its reflection on past school experiences. For this reason, the Chefoo Schools Association has tended to attract those who subscribe to the credo that the Chefoo School in China was 'the best school east of Suez.' CSA members have tended to look back on their school days in China fairly romantically, not critically. The other side of the coin is that those CIM Chefusians who left the school to continue their lives in their homelands, who have no nostalgia for the school, and even hated their childhood years in China, have never considered becoming CSA members, let alone subscribing to The Chefoo Magazine (for many this amounted to the same thing—paying...”
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“...Notebook
4 Letters & News
41 Reunions & Conferences
46 In Memoriam
C.S.A. ARCHIVES
If you have pictures or documents related to Chefoo Schools, please consider passing them on to central archival locations:
• In the UK, Rebecca Mackensie will assist you to place them in the CIM/OMF/CSA archive collection at the University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies.
Telephone Rebecca in London at 00 44 (0) 7944 393, or contact her by email at rebeccamackenzie(a)amail.com
• In Australia and New Zealand, contact Marjorie Keeble by email at m.keeble^bigpond.com.
• In North America, Ian Grant will assist you to place your documents with the CIM/OMF/CSA collection at the Billy Graham Archives at Wheaton College, Wheaton, Illinois. Chefoo(a)roaers.com...”
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“...because I was one year beyond what the Chefoo School of Shanghai covered. My brother Bob was in the Chefoo School of Shanghai until it moved to Lushan when he switched to the SAS as well.
Hazel Reid Edwards, [Kuling], Australia
Thank you for your continued efforts with all of us "Older Pups". Sadly, it is not an option for me to attend the Conference, as I am recovering from Chemo Therapy. I do hope those who attend will benefit from, well, just getting together and sharing their experiences. It is such a great idea! I only wish it had happened years ago. My personal 'bad time' was in Kiating, which was SO different from the more enlightened time of the Kuling experience. I trust the whole "Chefoo Reconsidered" experience will be wonderful for all who attend.
Sarah Bryan Erwin [Yantai], USA
My mother and I left Chefoo November 11,1940 to go to the U.S. After Pearl Harbor my father, Dr. N.A. Bryan was arrested at Chefoo and taken to 'prison' in Chefoo. I believe PA Bruce was in the same h...”
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“...friends from the Philippines went there. But we did get to go up to Chefoo once a year during our half term break, since we only got one week, which was too short to go and visit our parents. So they put all 16 kids on a bus in Singapore and we drove up the mountain to Chefoo where we stayed in some of the empty dorms, and were fully integrated into Chefoo life.
When I reached Grade 7 my parents were asked to run the orientation courses for all the new OMF workers, at IHQ in Singapore. This meant, of course, that I got to live with them, which was great. I spent the rest of high school in Singapore, then decided I didn't want to continue my education in Germany (due to difficult furloughs), so I ended up at Trinity Western University in Vancouver, which is an evangelical Christian university. I had heard about it from a friend who had gone there. I loved my years at TWU - best years of my life.
Do I miss Singapore or the Philippines? Sometimes. I miss the food, but I feel like I have closed that...”
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“...[UK OMF Archivist] London
Thank you again, Ian for sending a copy of the Chefoo Magazine to the OMF UK archives. I found it absolutely fascinating, & took it home to devour it at leisure, before returning it to its final resting place in my Chefoo archive here.
As well as fascinating it was emotional dynamite! The bitter-sweet memories mixed together with the happy ones, with much shared pain. To me one of the saddest articles was meant to be a happy one: Maxwell House is barely a mile from where I live (not there now, but a small block of flats is named Maxwell House), so I can imagine the scene well; how challenging it must have been to have the double bereavement of going to boarding school when already separated from parents - and the awful possibility of not seeing them, even when they were home on furlough.
Anyway, if I can ever be of help to you Ian, I would be glad to do so. I have got 4 box files on Chefoo, including most of the school magazines from 1946 onwards -also quite a ...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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(Letters, continued from the previous page)
now we tread in his mother's - Gwen Railton's - footsteps, the same retirement village she spent many happy years and died there when she was 84. To think we have just sold our house to one of the strong o'seas Chinese bidders last week whose bid has left us so well off. But this is what is happening in Auckland NZ. Tony enjoyed sparring with them with his few words from China that he remembers. In the meantime, we send our greetings and kind regards.
Judith Spear [Taught at Nanae, Japan, 1977-98]
Thank you so much for editing and then sending the Chefoo Magazines. I always find them very interesting indeed. In this (2015) issue I particularly appreciated the section about Chefoo Reconsidered. I had known about and prayed about this gathering and the day at Ware in England, so I was very thankful for this opportunity to read so much more about it.
Lois (Harmon) Suttie [Kuling]
I received the 2015 issue of The Chefoo...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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of being useful.
If any of my remarks lead you to imagine that we do not appreciate most of the work done, they will have miscarried. It is because we do so that we try to criticize constructively.
Let me close by stating that a member of our committee has received a letter from a master, wherein the hope was expressed that more might be done in the future as a result of the article in question *
Singing for the Sentries
Christmas Eve was a Sunday ... I joined a party of about sixty following a prearranged route singing carols for about three hours, to members of the CIM and other Missions, friends of various nationalities. Carrying torches and Chinese lanterns we must have formed a picturesque sight, including, as we did, our
own orchestra.... As we were singing outside one house, we noticed that some Japanese soldiers were listening from their headquarters. As we neared the school gates on our way home, we had to pass the sentries. ... These three men advanced...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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The Chcffoo School at Yantai
Louis Magrath King , (Chefoo School 1893 to 1896)
A Chefusian who married a Tibetan woman of Nobility
By Ian Grant
Preamble
This brief biographical essay about Chefusian Louis Magrath King is based on documents forwarded to me by Steve Upton in Vermont, USA. Steve is a lawyer by profession, but also an amateur historian with a particular interest in Western schools in China in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. I first met Steve in 2005 when my wife and I were attending the Kuling American School reunion in Connecticut. Steve was attending unofficially as an interested party. By meeting and talking with him we made a deal. Each year I send him a complimentary copy of the Chefoo Magazine and he forwards to me copies of documents he his unearthed in his research that have some connection to the Chefoo School. This eleven-year arrangement has proved beneficial to us both.
The research that Steve Upton has unearthed regarding Louis...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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military intelligence. In other words, he was a spy. As Chamberlain says, "Louis was now a small but not insignificant player on what was known as 'the Great Game,'" a term first coined by Rudyard Kipling in his novel, Kim. King found the local missionaries, who had been in the area for some time, were reliable sources for the intelligence he was able to glean. But his interests were wider than mere intelligence. Perhaps stemming from his missionary roots, he took great interest in the local people, and gained a deep understanding of their history and ways of thinking and doing things. This was amply demonstrated in his published writings.
To understand why such an assignment was so important at that time and place we need to appreciate the geo-politics of that time. We know that over the centuries there were often disputes between Tibet and China as to whether Tibet was an independent nation or a part of China. In the early years of the twentieth century Tibet...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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Memories of a Day Student
By Norvin Rothschild (Chefoo, 1930-1940)
This is an excerpt, with some editing, of a 1994 Interview of Norvin by a nephew. It covers much of his life to then, and is available at httos://vimeo. com/112733797. This excerpt covers his description of his years at Chefoo. As you will see, Norvin attended the Chefoo School as a day student, as his father was a local businessman. He describes some things that will be familiar to our readers who attended the school at Yantai, but he also describes life of the local community that is not often recounted here in the Chefoo Magazine. Norvin was a contemporary of his next door neighbor, Bob McMullan, with whom regular subscribers will be familiar (see in particular the 2013 issue that profiles Bob). They were born around the same time, and they died several weeks apart, in December 2014 and January 2015. Their obituaries were in the 2015 magazine.
I was born in New York, and at the age of five...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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temple' up on the foothills overlooking the ocean. This temple is where parents took an unwanted girl child and laid it on a platform above a well. The next parent that came along pushed that child into the well and placed her own on the platform. Those who wanted a girl child could go and take one for adoption. The Chinese at that time were very poor, and girl children were seen not to be as helpful on the farms because of the heavy labor required. They couldn't afford the expense of raising a girl child. So, that was one of the attractions that we would go and visit.
Chefoo was a walled city in the old days, ruled by warlords. In fact it was ruled by warlords up to the time it was taken by the Japanese in 1937, before World War II. While it was under the control of the warlords, a particular local warlord wanted to curry favor with the foreigners, and invited them to a big dinner. During the course of that dinner, a man was executed upstairs, it was later...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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allowed in their billiard room. They had a bar overlooking the ocean. They also had a boat house, and we got to use the boats any time we wished. We would take a rowing boat out and fish, although the ostensible purpose of the row boats and the canoes was to go from the shore to the raft, an anchored san-pan which we used as a diving platform into the Yellow Sea.
It was a very interesting life because Chefoo was very much an international settlement. There was the German consulate, the Italian consulate, the French consulate, all these various consulates - the American consulate, the British consulate. It was predominantly British at that time as the population was predominantly British, but there were German businessmen, and many others. And the town began to fill up with White Russians who had fled Russia when the Bolshevik Revolution took place, and they had finally made their way to China. Many of them, of course, had ended up in Shanghai, but some came...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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The Chefoo Scheel in the War Years
Preface to a New Chinese Translation of Langdon Gilkey's book. Shantung Compound, the Story of Men and Women Under Pressure
By Mary (Taylor) Previte
Mary (Taylor) Previte is great-granddaughter of J. Hudson Taylor, who founded the China Inland Mission. Previte, an educator, author, and administrator, served eight years in the New Jersey state legislature. She speaks and writes frequently about her experiences in Weihsien. With her family she has visited Weihsien several times.
Probably the most prominent account that describes life at Weihsien is by the late Langdon Gilkey, the author of Shantung Compound: the Story of Mena and Women Under Pressure. This book is now available to the Chinese people with the translation by Cheng Long, Ph.D., of Beijing Normal University. Mary Previte was invited to write a Preface, which we share here.
For almost seventy years, English-speaking people have been reading about what happened in...”
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yourself" -- what happens when these pillars of civilization clash with hunger, crowding, cold, filth, and very little running water? You're squeezed together with strangers and people you hardly know. Does self interest come before your fellow man in this community?
Langdon Gilkey creates vivid pictures of these crises with day-by-day events within the walls of Weihsien. What seem like tiny happenings become epic moral dilemmas.
You're hungry. Will you "black market" over the wall for eggs or cabbages or sugar from Chinese farmers if the Japanese might stand the unfortunate farmer in front of a firing squad within earshot of the camp if he is caught?
Should two prisoners plan an escape that will certainly bring down retribution upon everyone else in the camp?
In a world of anxiety and tension, what motivates your actions? The Quarters Committee asks you in the crowded nine-man dormitory room to make room for one more man transferring from a similar room that...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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anthems, all mixed together with hymns of faith. On Tuesday nights, right outside the Japanese commandant's office, the Salvation Army Band practiced the Victory Medley for the day the liberators would come.
Life in this concentration camp tore open the human soul. Yet all these heroes held one freedom -- the ability to choose their attitude -- even behind barrier walls and barbed wire. Even with Japanese everywhere, they turned life into inner victory.
Weihsien is also the story of seven heroes who volunteered to risk their lives to liberate fifteen hundred Allied prisoners in that camp. How can I leave out the story of August 17,1945? It was a hot and windy day. I was lying sick with an upset stomach in the dormitory in the second floor of the hospital that stands there still -- when I thought I heard the drone of an airplane over the camp. Racing to the window, I watched it sweep lower, slowly lower and then circle again. It was a giant plane, emblazoned...”
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“...Chefoo Magazine, 2016
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Chicago Divinity School, eventually being named Shailer Mathews Professor of Theology, until his retirement in March 1989." It was shortly after arriving back at the University of Chicago that Shantung Compound was published, in 1965.
So Gilkey's Christian upbringing was fundamentally different from Chefusians. He wrote that he had been brought up "in a tolerant but strongly dedicated liberal religious home," where he had "early imbibed its ethical idealism and its de-emphasis of the material and sensual sides of life." At university, however, as a philosophy major influenced by the "beguilements" of George Santayana, he said he "found the religion of my youthful environment uninteresting, naive, and somewhat sentimental." He took from his early environment "only its ethical emphasis and left the religion aside." He was now a "modern agnostic intellectual" who, he believed, was "capable by himself of leading a creative and upright life devoted to the moral...”
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with them. They were a means of grace to the whole community. Looking at them, I knew then that one man could help another man inwardly not so much by his holiness as by his love. Only if his own moral integrity is more than balanced by his acceptance of a wayward brother can he be of any service at all to him."
Gilkey further concluded that "among the missionaries were indeed many who seemed free of the proud and petty legalism characteristic of numerous others. When this was the case, they contributed a great deal to our life: not only rugged honesty and willingness to work, but also the rarer cooperative and helpful spirit of persons dedicated to a wider welfare than their own." Expanding on this, he stated that "those missionaries were most creative, it seemed to me, whose religion had been graced by liberalism in some form. By this I do not mean to include people with any particular brand of theology. Rather, it seemed apparent that people with all sorts...”
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The Chefroo School in Kalin#
MY MEMORIES OF KULING
By Frank Kitchen, with Gordon Martin
This essay first appeared in Gordon Martin's book, Chefoo School, 1881-1951, (pp. 139-145). Frank, in Australia, has kindly agreed for it to be reprinted here, but with modifications. He writes: "I wrote down my memories of my three years at school in Kuling. I sent these notes to Mr. Martin when he wrote the history of the school. He added much more detail and embellished the story with rich descriptions." Photographs inserted into the essay are from our CSA archival collection, and were not included in Martin's book.
Kuling is on the brass plate on the front of our home. This plate was originally on the front gate of the OMF hostel at 189 Cotham Road Kew. When the hostel, closed my parents gave the plate to Alan Moore for his new house in Doncaster. When Alan tragically died too young, his wife Judy, passed the plate back to Mum. She offered it to me. I took it with both...”
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secured their positions and set off in short quick steps. The poles holding the chair acted like giant springs, and we bounced rhythmically with their stride. Up the red clay path, up the Thousand Steps where the straw sandals of the front coolie were level with the hat of the last. Around angled corners we swung over the cliff below. Past the coolies, straining with a pole across their shoulders our luggage dangling at both ends. For nearly three hours Marion and I silently sat while the coolies strained upwards. The path levelled out near a small t'ing-tze (decorated pavilion). Our speed quickened as we came to the Gap - the small and only cluster of shops on the mountain. We sped down the last gentle descent to the school in the darkening afternoon.
At the School
My bedroom was on the top floor of McCarthy House. I shared it with two or three other boys. The bed was covered with a plain blue cover, where I placed my panda. A bedside mat lay beside my bed...”
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