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“...THE
CHINA MISSION
YEAR BOOK
1918
(NINTH ANNUAL ISSUE)
Issued under arrangement between the Christian Literature
Society for China and the China Continuation Committee
under direction of the following Editorial Committee
appointed by the China Continuation Committee
Rev. C. Y. Cheng, D.D.
Rev. F. D. Gamewclf, LL.D.
D. E. Hoste, Esq,
Rev. E. G. Lobenstine
Rev. J. W. Lowrre, D.D.
Rev. D. MicGilIivray, D.D.
Rev. G. F. Moshcr
Rev. Frank Rawlinson, D.D.
Rev. W. li^^FrT^ReQS, D.D.
TuLt ^
-Rorts^TXD;:,
EDITORS
E* C Lobenstine"
A* L* Warnshtfis
Secretaries, China Cgij+inuation Committee
SHANGHAI
KWANG HSUEH PUBLISHING HOUSE
\ 918...”
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“...PREFACE
IN Spite of civil war, flood, plague, famine and a world war, the
Christian missionary work in China has continued and increased.
This is the reason for another issue of the China Mission Year
Book.
The Book aims to give some description of the background of the
missionary effort, and therefore the articles on the political and
economical development of the country have a place. Moreover,
the facts described in these articles are also a help or hindrance
to the progress of the missionary work. So also it was necessary that
the Book should this year contain chapters on the great floods in
North China and 011 the plague epidemic.
Each year it is planned that the Book shall contain one section
which will be the distinctive feature of that issue. This year Part II
is noteworthy as describing recent developments in ecclesiastical
organization. Special mention might also be made of Part IV, which
is a summary of the present situation as regards Christian Literature
in China, and an indication...”
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“...iv
The China Continuation Committee is responsible for the China
Mission Year Book only in that it appoints the Editorial Committee
and the Editor. When articles in the boolc arc the expression of the
policies or the views of the China Continuation Committee, this fact is
made clear; in all other cases, the ivriter of the paper is alone respon-
sible for the opinion expressed.
To all the forty-two writers of these chapters, the editors would
express their genuine appreciation of all their work. Many of these
chapters contain the results of much research, and some of them of
years of careful observation. It is the hearty cooperation of many
busy workers that makes possible the publication of the Year Book.
It would be invidious to mention a few where all have given of their
best. Special acknowledgment, however, is due to the Rev. C. L.
Boynton, who, as in previous years, has read all the proofs and is
responsible for the typographical appearance of the book, as well as
for-the statistical...”
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“........J. C. Gibson 75
IX. One United Lutheran Church for China...............
N. Astrup Larsen 87
X. The Development of Church Order in Connection
with the Work of the China Inland Mission
D. E. Hoste 93
XI. Developments in Mission Administration in the
London Missionary Society...........C. G. Sparliam 101
XII. The Larger Use of the Executive Committee in
Modern Mission Administration.........J. T. Proctor 109
XIII. Summer Resorts and the Unifying of Missionary
Life and Activity.........................Logan H. Roots 115
XIV. Work of the China Inland Mission and Associate
Missions in Shensi.........................A Lady Worker 120
XV. New Missions and New Stations
A. The Opening of Work Amongst the Tai Population
of Yunnan............................................................ 123
B. Changes in Mission Stations, 1917-18, 0. L. Boynton 128
XVI. Recommendations and Findings of Church and
Missionary Organizations.....................The Editor 132...”
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“...VI
CONTENTS
Chapter Page
PART III. EVANGELISM
XVII. A Review of the Evangelistic Work of the Year
The Editor 153
XVIII. The Summer Conference Movement for Chinese
' Workers...............................W. MacNaughtan 159
XIX. Work for Moslems int China............0. L. Ogilvie 164
XX. Illiteracy in the Christian Church in China, and
the Use of Phonetic Script ............................
S. G. Peill and F. G. Onley 16S
PART IV. GENERAL AND RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
XXI. Some Notes on Mission Education, F. D. Game well 176
XXII. The Bible Teachers' Training School for Women
Ruth M. Brittain 183
XXIII. Fukien Christian University......Edwin C. Jones 187
XXIV. Supervision of Primary Schools.......... J. M. Espey 191
Editor's Note................................................. 196
PART V. MEDICAL WORK
XXV. The Epidemic on Pneumonic Plague in 1917-18
Samuel Cochran 197
XXVI. The Work of the China Medical Board in
1917-18....................................Roger S. Greene 202
XXVII. Joint Committer...”
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“...Kuo 348
XLIV. The Milton Stewart Evangelistic Fund............
J. H. Blackstone 359
PART IX. OBITUARIES ...........................C. L. Boynton 367
PART X. APPElNDICES
A. China in Recent Books and Mag azinesBibliography 375
B. Constitution of China Christian Literature Council 384
C. Articles of Agreement Between the Presbyterian,
London Mission, and American Board Churches 387
D. Constitution of the Lutheran Church of China 3S8
E. By-Laws of Fukien Christian University..............................394
F. Constitution of the Bible Teachers' Training
School for Women, Nanking........................... 399
G. Financial Cooperation with Chinese in Mission
Educational Institutions........................................402
II. Government Statistics of Education, 1915-16..................404
I. Memorandum of AgreementMissions Building............406
J. British Missionaries on War Service..........................................409
K. Statistics of Roman Catholic Missions......................”
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“...Methodist Missionary Society,
Hankow, Hupeh. Honorary Secretary, Religions Tract
Society of North and Central China, Hankow. Secretary,
China Christian Literature Council.
Samuel Cochran, Esq., M.D. (1S99) The Epidemic of Pneumonic
Plague in 1917r18.
Missionary of the American Presbyterian Mission, Hwaiyuan,
An.
Mrss Grace L* Coppocfc* (1906) Young Women's Christian Association.
General Secretary, National Committee of the Young Women's
Christian Associations of China, Shanghai.
Rev* John Darroch, Lftt.D* (1887) The Tract Societies in 1917.
Secretary for China, Religious Tract Society (London), Shanghai.
Rev* W* Clifton Dodd, D,D* New Missions and New Stations.
Missionary of the American Presbyterian Mission, Chien-rung,.
Yunnan.
Dwight W* Edwards, Esq*, M.A* (1906) The Chinese Labourers in
France and Y.M.C.A. Work for Them.
Associate Secretary, Peking Young Men's Christian Association....”
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“...John M. Espey, M.A. (1905) Supervision of Primary Schools.
Supervisor of Educational Work, Central China Mission, Ameri-
can Presbyterian Mission, Shanghai.
Rev. Frank D. Gamewell, LL.D; <1881) Some Notes on Mission
Education.
General Secretary, China Christian Educational Association.
Educational Secretary, Methodist Ediscopal Church, Shang-
hai.
Rev. J. Campbell Gibson, D.D. (1874) Presbyterian Unionand a
Sequel.
Senior missionary, English Presbyterian Mission, Swatow.
British Chairman of Centenary Missionary Conference,
/Shanghai, 1907. Moderator, Provisional General Assembly.
Roger S. Greene, Esq. The Work op the China Medical Board in
1917-1918.
Resident Director in China, China Medical Board of the
Rockefeller Foundation, Peking.
D, E. Hoste, Esq. (1884) The Development op Church Order in
Connection with the Work op the China Inland Mission.
Director of the China Inland Mission, Shanghai.
Commissioner Charles H. Jeffries. (1918) The Salvation Army in
China, Its Plans, Prospects and...”
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“...Chinese Workers.
Missionary of the United Free Church of Scotland Mission,
Moukden. Secretary, Forward Evangelistic Movement of
Manchuria.
Issac Mason, Esq. (1892) The Opium Revival.
Missionary of the Friends' Foreign Missionary Society. Editorial
Secretary, Christian Literature Society, Shanghai.
Gilbert Mcintosh, Esq. (1885) The Christian Publishers' Association
of China.
Missionary of the American Presbyterian Mission. Superintend-
ent, Presbyterian Mission Press, Shanghai.
Miss Ltiella Miner, M.A., Lrtt. D. (1887) Woman's Place in the
Protestant Movement in China.
Missionary of the American Board Commissioners for Foreign
Missions. Dean of North China Union Women's College,
Peking.
Rev* Evan Morgan. (1884) Lawlessness in China.
Missionary of English Baptist Mission. Editorial Secretary,
Christian Literature Society, Shanghai.
Rev. C. L. Ogiivie, M.A., B.D. (1911) Work for Moslems.
Missionary of the American Presbyterian Mission, Peking. Pro-
fessor in Peking University School of Theology...”
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“...Xli CONTRIBUTORS
Rt Rev. Logan H. Roots, P.D. (1895) Summer Resorts and the
Unifying of Missionary Life and Activity.
Bishop, Diocese of Hankow, American Church Mission. Chair-
man of the China Continuation Committee.
Rev. Frank Knight Sanders, PhD. The Training of Missionaries, in
China.
Director of the Board of Missionary Preparation (for North
America), New York City.
Randolph T. Shields, Esq., B.A., M.D. (1905) Joint Committee on
Medical Terminology.
Missionary of the American Presbyterian Mission (South),
Tsinan. Secretary of the Joint Committee 011 Medical
Terminology.
Rev* C. G. Sparham. (1884) Developments in Mission Administra-
tion in the London Missionary Society.
Secretary, Advisory Council, London Missionary Society, Shang-
hai.
Mr. & Mrs* Edgar E. Strother. (1909)The Progress of the Christian
Endeavour Movement in China.
Joint Secretaries, United Society of Christian Endeavour for
China.
Alfred H. Swan, Esq., B.S., B.P.E. (1912) The Contribution of the
Physical Education ...”
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“...northern general, Wu, some two
hundred Ilunanese rascals looted the best shops in the city.
The city ot Pingkiang suffered terribly. The entry into the
city of the northern soldiers was signalized by the immediate
outbreak of utmost violence on the defenceless unoffending
citizens. For the traditional 44 three days, the whole place
was. handed over to the soldiers to do what they listed.
Every house in the city except three foreign houses and the
foreign-built hospital of the Wesley an Methodist Mission
was utterly looted from door to door. The homes of
Catholic priests, the rented house of one Methodist minister,
the chapels and other buildings of the two churches, were
treated just as were the homes of rich and poor alike. The
^lightest resistance met with instant shooting. The soldiers...”
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“...northern victors, re-entered Chuchow, a little town of no
importance, they wiped it out. Not a house was left
unburnt, not a man, woman or child who had failed to flee
was left alive. And so it happened to Liling as the follow-
ing account will show. After the northerners re-entered, it
was treated the same way as Chuchow had been treated.
The railway station and two of the foreign houses of the
United Evangelical Mission were burnt. One of the
missionaries was shot at his own door by a soldier standing
in the compound. Every one was taken away from the city
compound of the mission to the hospital compound which
is on a suburban hill. After considerable trouble and delay,
' A 5...”
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“...and suburbs: the railway staff, foreign and
Chinese, the missionaries, the hospital staff and patients;
the school staff and scholars; the church membersat least
such of them as had been able to take refuge in the
compound. When the train drew out of Liling with its
freight of close on to six hundred there were no living
beings left in the city except northern soldiers together with
an old woman of seventy and her natural" son who were
discovered two days later hiding amidst the ruins of the
mission compound.
The same terrible experience befell44 Chang Lo Kai "
a small town on the Milo river, where the victorious northern
soldiers again wreaked their wrath on innocent and defence-
less persons. The northerners crossed the river and entered
the completely shut up street. The first house happened to
be a Methodist chapel. Knocking at the door, they were
admitted by the preacher. He at once explained that this
was a chapel and showed the soldier a proclamation issued
by the brigadier-general...”
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“...dealing
with this district, and it has been their main care ever since
January, 1918. A complete survey was the first thing to
be carried through, so that the relief work might be wisely
done. The work itself fell into two partsone, opening
and carrying on a large number of refuges and distributing
vast quantities of grain; the other (of which mor$ will be
said below), dyke building. The work has only been made,
possible by the generous help given to the Committee by
several missionaries and mission institutions. The Committee
is now planning to carry on refuges and coal and grain
distribution through the winter of 1918-1919. Mr. Hsiung
has given a thousand tons of coal and four thousand tan
of grain to help in this. More than 3500 men have been
at work from this hsien on road and dyke repair, and
it may be well at this point to speak of the dyke work
generally.
The situation as regards conservancy is
DrReanaT/adM1 of interest though the necessity for
collecting data has made it impossible...”
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“...SYNOD OF CHUNG HWA SHENG KUNG HUI
71
the good-will of populace and authorities the purchase
price was remarkably low.
At a later meeting, the Synod endorsed a
Missionary regulation adopted by the Executive Committee
Spirit the Board of Missions, that the support of
this mission work should be left entirely to the
Chinese, contributions from foreigners being neither asked
for nor encouraged, and no foreign workers being sent to
take part. This was carried by the earnest argument and
the overwhelming vote of the Chinese themselves, and the
Diocese of Victoria immediately promised to raise $1,000
for the building fund. Later the Synod authorized a
system of apportionment, at the general rate of thirty cents
per annum for each communicant, to be divided among the
dioceses according to circumstances and ability.
Another interesting event in the joint
Students in session was the visit of delegates from the
japan congregation of Chinese students in Tokyo,
Japan, who reported through their pastor...”
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“...SYNOD OF THE CHUNG HWA SHENG KUNG IIUI 73
Kung Hui. The school is to be conducted under a board
of directors representing all the dioceses and including all
the bishops. It will, in fact, take up the work now being
done at Iiankow by the Theological School of the three
dioceses of the American Church Mission, and carry it on
in a more extended way, the various English and Canadian
dioceses furnishing, so far as they can, both members for
the faculty and funds for development and maintenance.
So it is hoped a really great institution will be established,
which the Church in China will itself maintain from
generation to generation, long after the missionary help of
the foreign Church has ceased to be necessary; and that
through this institution there shall be constantly sent forth
a supply of clergy, thoroughly trained and fitted for the
wrork of the ministry '' in their own nation.
Besides this the Synod heard most inter-
Re orts esting and valuable reports for the Committees
s on Christian...”
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“...details of the Work of other missions. The remoter provinces
seemed beyond our horizon altogether. This evil grew with
the growth of the missions. As they multiplied and entered
new regions, it beeame increasingly difficult, while it was
also increasingly important, to keep in touch. New ex-
periences and new conditions arose, but each mission had to
make its experiments anew for itself, and the costly fruits
were not available for others.
Recent Needless to say, the China Continuation
Progress Committee, has during recent years, done an
immense service in bringing the various
missions into touch with each other, in exploring the needs
of this vast mission field, and in informing the home...”
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“...PRESBYTERIAN UNION
77
It was in Amoy that this was worked out
Union in Amoy as a practical principle of mission work.
There were there missionaries of the American
Reformed Church and of the English Presbyterian Church,
working in close cooperation in the same district. As the
local Church began to grow, some of its congregations were
under the care of the American and some under that of the
British missionaries. These were wise and Christian men,
and happily it did not occur to them that the Chinese
Church coming into being under their care must be divided
into two churches. It is true that when in April, 1862, the
governing body of the Amoy churches was formed* the
American missionaries called it a "classis," while their
British brethren called it a presbytery." But as both
groups of missionaries and the Chinese members, when all
met together, speaking Chinese as their common language,
alike called it "Tai Tiong-la-hoe," no harm was done, and
" nobody seemed one penny the worse." Christians...”
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“...thought and feeling were turning with
Unity fa 1890 desire toward more realized unity, as
became apparent when the next General
Conference met in 1890. It was a true instinct which led it
to give so much of its time and strength to unifying and
improving our translations of the Bible into various forms
of the Chinese language.
During this Conference a meeting of
Presbyterian Presbyterians was held, who gathered to the
Conferences number of one hundred and twenty in the
chapel of the Presbyterian Mission Press in
Shanghai. The desire for union was expressed, but it was
not felt that the time for action had come. Curiously
enough, the "Boxer troubles" gave the next marked impulse
to the movement toward Presbyterian union. These
troubles led to the postponement o£ the General Conference
which had been arranged to meet in April, 1901, and the
opportunity was taken to call a Presbyterian Conference to
meet in Shanghai on October 2 of that year.
' This Presbyterian Conference met accord-
Cotferenc/...”
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“...PRESBYTERIAN UNION
79
2. The Conference therefore recommends the appointment of a
committee to prepare a pLm of union, organic or federal as may be
found practicable, and submit the same to the Church courts (native
or foreign) concerned.
We accordingly request the Presbyterian missions concerned to
appoint delegates to act as members of this committee, as follows;
viz.: (Here follows number of members allotted to each mission)
. and one each from such other bodies as may be willing to take
part in this union.
AVe further recommend that all Presbyterian churches to be.
formed in future be organized as Chinese churches, independent of
the home church courts and as some of the churches already
organized are in organic connection with the home churches, we
recommend that their representatives bring the method of union that
may be proposed by the committee before the supreme courts
concerned for their sanction.
The Presbyterian Committee on Union
Committee recommended by this Conference of...”
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