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“...THE CHINA MISSION YEAR BOOK 1918 (NINTH ANNUAL ISSUE) Issued under arrangement between the Christian Literature Society for China and the China Continuation Committee under direction of the following Editorial Committee appointed by the China Continuation Committee Rev. C. Y. Cheng, D.D. Rev. F. D. Gamewclf, LL.D. D. E. Hoste, Esq, Rev. E. G. Lobenstine Rev. J. W. Lowrre, D.D. Rev. D. MicGilIivray, D.D. Rev. G. F. Moshcr Rev. Frank Rawlinson, D.D. Rev. W. li^^FrT^ReQS, D.D. TuLt ^ -Rorts^TXD;:, EDITORS E* C Lobenstine" A* L* Warnshtfis Secretaries, China Cgij+inuation Committee SHANGHAI KWANG HSUEH PUBLISHING HOUSE \ 918...”
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“...THE YEAR BOOK MAY BE OBTAINED In Europe from Rev. W. Nelson Bitton, 16 New Bridge St*, London, Eng. In America from Missionary Education Movement, J60 Fifth Ave., New York City...”
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“...reason for another issue of the China Mission Year Book. The Book aims to give some description of the background of the missionary effort, and therefore the articles on the political and economical development of the country have a place. Moreover, the facts described in these articles are also a help or hindrance to the progress of the missionary work. So also it was necessary that the Book should this year contain chapters on the great floods in North China and 011 the plague epidemic. Each year it is planned that the Book shall contain one section which will be the distinctive feature of that issue. This year Part II is noteworthy as describing recent developments in ecclesiastical organization. Special mention might also be made of Part IV, which is a summary of the present situation as regards Christian Literature in China, and an indication of the large development anticipated in this department. The arrangement of -the contents of the Book follows the lines fixed in earlier years. The...”
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“... Committee is responsible for the China Mission Year Book only in that it appoints the Editorial Committee and the Editor. When articles in the boolc arc the expression of the policies or the views of the China Continuation Committee, this fact is made clear; in all other cases, the ivriter of the paper is alone respon- sible for the opinion expressed. To all the forty-two writers of these chapters, the editors would express their genuine appreciation of all their work. Many of these chapters contain the results of much research, and some of them of years of careful observation. It is the hearty cooperation of many busy workers that makes possible the publication of the Year Book. It would be invidious to mention a few where all have given of their best. Special acknowledgment, however, is due to the Rev. C. L. Boynton, who, as in previous years, has read all the proofs and is responsible for the typographical appearance of the book, as well as for-the statistical tables. The Rev. M. T...”
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“...PART I THE GENERAL SITUATION IN CHINA CHAPTER I CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, J9I7--J9J8 L. R. O. Bevan The opening months of 1917 saw again the Preifdcntnt ^ executive ancl the legislature in full conflict, vs Premier As was recounted in the Year Book for last year the restored Parliament undertook the work of formulating the permanent Constitution, taking as its framework the instrument drafted by the committee that sat in the Temple of Heaven in 1913. Undeterred by the fate meted out to 1liat Constitution by Yuan Shili-kai, the same Parliament with the same spirit again ranged itself against the executive. The fight, though the same fight that has been waged since the overthrow of the Manchns in 1912, set itself forth with an added complication. Li Yuan-hung, during his office as Vice President, though unable to declare himself openly opposed to the centralizing and autocratic policy of Yuan, had sympathized all along with the radical elements of the parliamentary body. Pie was distinctly...”
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“...represented the constitutional government established by.the Treaty of Nanking after the Revolution of 1911. Military operations have proceeded during the rest of the year." Two Extremes I)er^oc^ 1917-1918 has T:hus been marked by violent action from the one side and from the other; and though each party in turn claims to be acting lawfully and within the terms of the Provisional Constitution, neither the one nor the other is able to present a case that is without flaw. Writing in last year's Year Book the author of this article concluded with these sen- tences : "A lasting settlement will be impossible unless both parties recognize the fact that there are two parties, the fact that there are different needs and different aspirations. Neither one party nor the other can permanently force its own extreme conception of the government ideal on its opponents. Neither the one extreme nor the other can justify itself so long as there exists the opposition that is strong enough to break down the particular...”
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“...through this institution there shall be constantly sent forth a supply of clergy, thoroughly trained and fitted for the wrork of the ministry '' in their own nation. Besides this the Synod heard most inter- Re orts esting and valuable reports for the Committees s on Christian Unity and on Prayer Book and Lectionary, on Sunday Schools, and on Church Literature. The Sunday School Committee was enlarged and in- structed to continue with wider scope as a Committee on Religious Education. A Committee on Christian Social Service was also formed. Various questions about the translation of the Prayer Book and the terms used for tc Catholic," 'Apostolic, and " Church in the Creed, were referred to the Prayer Book Committee! and very wisely allowed to wait over till next Synod. On Sunday morning, by invitation of the Service English congregation, the Synod assembled at Holy Trinity Cathedral in Shanghai, and a great service was held, with beautiful music, the Bishops, clergy, and delegates all entering...”
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“...through its early growtlrby the common action of different missions, with its inherent autonomy fully recognized and safe-guarded. But the same spirit has been acting elsewhere with growing definiteness and persistency. *For details see History of the Ecclesiastical Relations of the Churches of the Presbyterian Order at A moy, by the Rev. J. V. N. Talmage; New York, 1863. This pamphlet of 74 pp. 8vo., is now difficult to procure, but it is of great value and importance. See also China Mission Year Book 1914, pp. 272-8, which contains an article based partly upon Dr. Talmage's pamphlet....”
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“...ONE UNITED LUTHERAN CHURCH FOR CHINA 89 a A f witliin the missions representing European churches which officially accept the Augsburg Missions Confession, one may also trace some diver- gencies of faith and polity. Perhaps it might be said that, as a general rule, the European missions represent the freer, the American missions the more strict confessional attitude. As a spokesman of the freer attitude we may quote a writer in the 1916 Year Book {(page 91) who, speaking for the Danish mission, says: ''The con- ference of Danish missionaries has accepted the term, 'The Christian Church of China,' and the principle of oneness as the ultimate goal at which we are aiming. The general tendency does not go in the direction of emphasizing the special doctrines of the Lutheran Church; at the same time we believe that as the spiritual life developed in the Church of our homeland differs in several respects from that developed in the Protestant churches of Scotland and Ireland, so will a Lutheran...”
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“...92 CHURCHES AND MISSIONS constitute one-third of its membership. The other two- thirds, of which at least one-half must be Chinese, shall be elected by the General Assembly. The conference also took steps to secure Ltterature more better Lutheran literature in Chinese. The plan adopted calls for the ultimate allocation of at least four foreigners and several Chinese for exclusively literary work. A union hymn book is under way, and will probably be published in a tentative edition in the early part of 1919. Union Colle c Among the recommendations made by the conference to the missions and home boards, must be mentioned the plan calling for a union college to be located at Sinyangchow, Honan. Much interest was also shown in the matter of industrial education, and a committee appointed to study the problem and report at the next general conference. As to the action of the home boards but Attitude of little ean be gaid at thig time In these nome Jpoaras , . . . precedented times some of the...”
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“...firms in the Orient, too, are giving their employees from the West either much more frequent furloughs, or are building bungalows for them at these same resting places on the field. But in addition to this direct benefit, these summer resorts have produced other indirect results in unifying the life and activities of the various missions whose members meet together at these places. This has become increasingly apparent in recent years, and this justifies the recording of this fact in this Year Book. No justification of any efforts to unify plans and work is needed in these days when on every battle front even pride of nationality and of race have been sacrificed to obtain that unity of action which is deemed indispensable. These unifying results in missionary work are seen along at least six lines as described below. The Fukien Christian Educational Associa- GlveTand11 tion wl,ich> through its work of unifying and Experience standardizing the day schools, influences over Exchanged twenty...”
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“...Evangelistic ^ for evangelism, and some of the mission- aries and the 235 Chinese workers, of whom seventy-two are voluntary, itinerate over large areas both on the plain and in the mountainous districts of the South, *This article, which has-been kindly supplied through the head- quarters of the China Inland Mission in Shanghai, is supplementary to the chapter on Shensi in the series of provincial articles "A Decade of Progress of China," which appeared as Chapter XXIII of the China Mission Yeak Book 1917.Editor....”
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“...among the Tai and other aboriginal tribes in Kwangsi province. The Baptist Mission in Burma plans very soon to open a station some distance west of the Mekong in southwestern Yunnan. The North Siam Mission of the Presbyterian Board has this year opened a station at Chieng-rung (Chieng-hung), on the Mekong not far above the southern border of Yunnan. It is because Chieng-hung is the first station in Yunnan to be opened exclusively for work among the Tai that space has here been given in this Year Book for this article. The Baptist and Presbyterian missions have a peculiar responsibility for the Tai people of China, first, because their work in Burma and Siam has always been largely among the Tai people; secondly, because in this work these missions have always been singularly blessed. They have gathered between fifteen and twenty thousand Tai converts into more than forty churches, have organized these churches into presbyteries and associations and have in addition provided the members of...”
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“...and that He loves the Tai people even as He loves the Sou. B. Changes fn Mission Stations, J9J7-I8 C. L. Boynton Following is a brief summary showing the changes in the territorial distribution of the foreign staff: so far as may be shown by an annotated list of new stations opened, stations previously occupied by some mission now entered residentially by others, and stations hitherto occupied which have been vacated, at least temporarily, since the publication of a similar summary in the Year Book of 1917. The facts are complete so far as data have been reported by mission and station secretaries, for publication in connection with the Directory of Protectant Missions in China, to appear early in 1919. In this list stations opened or newly entered by the allocation of missionaries for permanent residence are printed in Roman type; those vacated in Italic type. In the few cases where the occupation began before the period under review this is indicated by the symbol with the year, where...”
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“...Foochow Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, in 1917, took the following action: We recommend: 1. That each district superintendent, in cooperation with the missionary-in-charge, provide a depot for the sale of Bibles, hymn books and tracts. 2. That preachers urge members to undertake the sale of single copies of gospels and other single books of the Bible among their acquaintances. 3. That every candidate for baptism and church membership should be required to have his own Bible and hymn book. 4. That preachers urge members to subscribe for church papers, especially the Chinese Christian Advocate and the Young People's Friend. 5. That, in each district a person be designated to manage the circulation of literature. Phonetic Script Chinese ideograph has been a most difficult obstacle in the way of teaching every member of the Chinese Church, particularly women and old people, to read the Bible. In response to the increasing in- terest on the part of a considerable number of the Chinese...”
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“...provinces is too varied, to make it possible to review the whole evan- gelistic work that has been done during the past year. Moreover, no man can record the eager prayers of many earnest hearts, nor the quiet influence of the lives of devoted Christians, which are most often the effectual means of leading men to faith in Christ. This article, therefore, aims only to describe some of the indications of the direction of the main drive of evangelism at this time. Conferences ne^t chapter- in this book makes it unnecessary to do more than make brief mention here to suggest the relative place of the conference method of awakening a more aggressive spirit and of promoting a more effective method of evangelism. These conferences are significant of the rapidly developing Chinese leadership, and also of the willingness of these leaders to learn. Illiteracy an0^er later chapter there is described the efforts that are being made to solve the problem of illiteracy in the Church. This, too, is of great...”
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“...Methodist Mission. The constitution and form of government may be found in Appendix D. From the first the School has been closely Theofficar- abated with the Nanking School of The- Seminary ology, where students of both departments take work regularly. This new venture in coeducation, always with proper chaperonage, is proving mentally stimulating and beneficial on both sides, g k . The Bible is given first place in the course mp as b of study, the student being led into a careful study of the Book itself, rather than what is written about it. Allied courses, designed to help the student make the application of what has been learned in the classroom to the needs of China to-day, are also given. Special emphasis is placed on practice teaching, and students are frequently required to demonstrate how they would deal with various classes whom they might want to help. Among the plans for future enlargement, when the size of the faculty will permit, are more adequate provision for normal instruction...”
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“...satisfactory in the three R's the following: For the National Readers the new series of Teachers' Manuals for the Republican Series, called 5fn BJ S: fg. For aid to the teacher in Arithmetic the Manuals for gfg % §j, a series that includes a good deal of material similar to Wentworth and Smith. In writing, the ^ ffr ^ has several unique features that lend themselves to one-teacher schools. The pupil not only has auxiliary lines to assist him in analyzing the proportions of a character, but his copy book is printed in such a manner, that after he has...”
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“...it would have been wiser to spend more time in developing demonstration schools in strategic centers, spending much more time with these schools and then using these proofs as an inspiration to the schools of the surrounding territory. Inspection takes a good deal of time, but unless teachers are followed up, their work is likely to suffer. Local inspectors are of great help, but find it difficult to hold schools up to the highest standard. Another method that we are trying out is BoofcaU use a book. This is placed in each school and at the end of a week the teacher records the work he has covered during the past week, and also the work he hopes to cover during the coming week. Then every month he is to send in to headquarters a summary sheet of the work covered, giving titles of the compositions, etc. During visits to schools it has proved Persona? 6* S difficult to secure uninterrupted private talks Problems with the teacher on deeper topics. Such talks are necessary, for the religious...”
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“...for this sort of service. EDITOR'S NOTE A correct understanding of the educational work of the Christian forces in China is impossible without much ac- curate knowledge of the educational work carried on by the Government. The valuable chapter written by Dr. P. W. Kuo, the President of the Government Teachers' College in Nanking, was intended to be printed in this place. Un- avoidable circumstances delayed its preparation until it had to be displaced in order that the publication of the whole book might not be overmuch postponed. This chapter will now be found in Part IX, as Chapter XLIII....”