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Your search within this document for 'book' resulted in 51 matching pages.
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Page i
“...THE
CHINA MISSION
YEAR BOOK
1925
(THIRTEENTH ISSUE)
Edited by the National Christian Council under arrange-
ment with the Christian Literature Society for China
Editor
HENRY T* HODGKIN,
Secretary of the National Christian Council
SHANGHAI
CHRISTIAN LITERATURE SOCIETY
I92S...”
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Page iii
“...never have been completed.
The National Christian Council, under whose auspices
the China Mission Year Book is produced, does not of
course accept responsibility for the views of individual
writers. In dealing with such topics as the political situa-
tion or the state of the church it is inevitable that personal
bias enters in. Each writer is left perfectly free to express
his own views in his own way.
A few writers have been unable to produce the articles
asked for and in some cases promised. This means that
the plan of the Year Book as originally conceived has not
been fully carried out. The editor has been under the
necessity of filling in one or two gaps himself. Such as
remain will probably not be apparent to the reader. The
excellence of the material which is presented will, it is
hoped, compensate for any omissions. Two features
which have appeared in previous volumes, but not in...”
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Page iv
“...one, must, however, be noted. The editor is ex-
tremely sorry that the sections on New Publica-
tions in Chinese" and on 4bibliography of Books,
etc., dealing with China'7 for which readers of the
Year Book have previously looked to Mr. Clayton and
Dr. Rawlinson, respectively, could not be included this
year. On certain other subjects the reader may be referred
to previous Year Books, particularly that of 1924. On
such topics, for example, as Recent Religious Movements,
or in reporting some societies whose work is much the
same from year to year, it has not seemed necessary to
repeat what was well said a year ago.
The present editor is new to this work and only
undertook it reluctantly when it seemed that no one else
could be found for it. His conception of the service which
the Year Book may render is not that of a mere record of
events and statistics. His hope is that the reader may
gain a true impression of the inner life of the Church in
China and of the situation which it is facing...”
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Page v
“...PREFACE
V
find much light on his problem in other sections than Part
IV, such as Parts VII, VIII and IX.
All readers, whatever their special interests, are urged
to read the first two parts which give the background
political, socialr, economic, religious, for the rest of the
book. Mr. Green's survey of the political situation and
Mr. Zia's study of the Anti-Christian Movement may
justly be singled out as of peculiar importance in this
connection.. In Dr. Bo wen's chapter we have an attempt
to show the significance of this background for the
Christian worker.
It is no easy matter to form an estimate of the true
state of the Church in China. The writers of the first five
articles in Part III have had peculiar opportunities for
studying the situation and have made it their business so
to do. The.net impression of their presentations, coupled
with a reading of the editor's article on evangelistic work,
should give a pretty fair picture of the case as far as it can
be gathered together and...”
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Page vii
“...I. Much is being done in this field also
which cannot be adequately reported.
One important development in the literary world has
not found a place in the Year Book as it is yet too soon
to do more than merely refer to it. This is the formation
of a group of Chinese Christian writers as a result of two
retreats held last year. This group expects to produce a
steady stream of indigenous .literature and so greatly
strengthen the forces reported in the four articles included.
The reader who wishes to study further in this field is
referred to the 1924 Year Book where there is a good deal
of material not repeated this year.
The impressions the editor has gained in reading over
the material sent in are too varied to be even summarized
in this preface. To some who have contributed to the
amazing work so rapidly surveyed in the Year Book we
pay a tribute of respect and gratitude as we pass our eye
over the list of those who have been taken from our midst
during one year. We are not able to include...”
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Page 2
“...su, Kiangsi and Anhui, was his ally and a faithful one as
events proved. In May, Wu Pei-fu caused Chou Yin-jen
to be made Tuchun of Fukien, thereby securing that
province and releasing Sun Chuan-fang to attack Che-
kiang the seat of Chang Tso-linJs ally, Lu Yung-hsiang,
from the South. And thus by midsummer, excluding
portions too remote to affect the issue, Wu Pei-fu held a
paper control of ail the essential provinces of China
proper.
Meanwhile Chang Tso-lin had not been idle. A
fascinating book might be made of the consolidation of
his power in Manchuria, his vigorous repression of
" squeeze" by subordinates, the increasing prosperity of
the Three Eastern Provinces and the disciplined and well
equipped army which, with the aid of foreign experts, he
gradually built up. We do not know the details, but
when in September Chang moved his armies towards the
Great Wall against Wu Pei-fu, he is estimated to have
possessed 180,000 of the best drilled and officered troops
ever seen under a Chinese...”
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Page 43
“...against science. It teaches mysticism
and encourages superstition.
(4) Religion hampers the development of individuality
because it requires prayer, repentance, and dependence
on the Supreme Being.
(5) Religion is against life. It emphasises the future
and neglects the present. It emphasises the spiritual and
neglects the physical.
B. Special Reasons Against Christianity:
(l) Christian teachings are contrary to logic and in-
consistent with assured results of modern science, for
examples, the book of Genesis, Virgin birth, miracles, and
Resurrection.
* For a fuller treatment see the next Chapter....”
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Page 48
“...launched. Its purpose is (a) to create a living faith
in a living God, (b) to develop a spirit of loyalty to
Christ and (c) to inculcate the spirit of service among
students. During the past year, the movement has been
very active. Through the local student associations in
different schools, they have promoted the following
program:
(a) The inculcation of habits of private devotion,
Bible study and personal evangelism among students.
* For a fuller account of these faiths, see the 1924 Mission Year
Book....”
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Page 54
“...many important articles written by
Bertrand Russell, Tsai Yuen Pei, Chen Tu Siu, Lee Shih
Cheng, Wang Ching Wei, and others.
Following this outbreak of activity very
Ch§stUant0 little was done in an open way until the
Education summer of 1924. In a number of places
mission schools suffered from strikes and
there was a.tendency towards concentration upon Christian
education as a point of attack. In October 1923 The
Young China Association issued a book entitled 44 National-
istic Education" (Chung Hwa Book Company). Two of
the articles in this book contained virulent attacks on
Christian education in China under the titles, 44 Christianity
and Emotion", and the 14 Problem of Missionary Educa-
tion respectively. From this time on many attacks were
made against the administration of Christian education
largely by students who had withdrawn from Christian
schools through dissatisfaction with the authorities. The
agitation for the 44 restoration of educational rights has
been no less popular latterly...”
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Page 57
“... The twenty-seventh number contained
two anti-Christian articles.
The Guide, issued weekly by Chen Tu PTsiu and Chu
Chiu Pei and others. Its aim is to attack imperialism
and capitalism and it occasionally publishes anti-Christian
articles.
Pam hl^ts and The Anti-Christian Movement containing
Books'12 S aU five articles issued by the Anti-Christian
Federation and China Young Men's Society;
11 Nationalistic Education", hy Yui Chia Chu (Chung
Iiwa Book Co.), containing two anti-Christian articles;
"Collected Essays'7 by Chen Tu Hsiu (East Asia Book
Co.), containing two anti-Christian articles; "Buddhistic
Christianity," by Chang Chiun Yi, containing among other
articles one strongly criticising Christian literature;
"Errors of Christianity with a special appendix concerning
Christian prayers, by C. C. Nieh.
The articles referred to above may be classified
according to their nature as follows: against Christian
education 36; against the church 5; against the Bible...”
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Page 73
“..."T'ung
Shan She" spiritualistic cults are experiencing some
expansion, how long-lived remains to be seen.*
City and church, because the financial
Country problem is lighter, seems to function more
easily. Because the more superficial ills of
society are so patent it finds much which it might do
crying for attention right at its doors. It is to be hoped
that the superficial and more patent will not blind the
eyes of the city church to the deeper thought and the
See article in China Mission Year Book 1924, p. 59....”
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Page 77
“...77 PRESENT STATE OF THE CHURCH IN NORTH CHINA
missionaries to insist on denominational distinctness, as
this will make Chinese solidarity assert itself, and union
will come about!
Life and From nearly all the urban centers come
Thought reports of the activities of new religious-
ethical societies, such as those described in
this Year Book for 1924, chapter VIII. Those most com-
monly mentioned are the T'ung Shan She (f^J # jjft) and
the Red Swastica Society (fx K These movements are
still too young to predict what the probable scope of their
influence may be, and whether on the whole it is increas-
ing or decreasing.
The anti-Christian movement which has been smoul-
dering under the surface for several years broke into
sporadic eruptions toward the end of the year. These took
the form of articles in the vernacular newspapers, demon-
stration meetings, and the distribution of literature.
Such efforts were particularly noticeable in Ningpo, Hang-
chow, and Shanghai. Special demonstrations...”
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Page 81
“...CHAPTER XVIII
THE PRESENT STATE OF THE LIFE OF THE CHURCH
IN SOUTH CHINA
A* J Fisher
In considering the present state of the life of the
Church in South China I wish to repeat what is written in
the 1924 China Year Book pages J14119, with regard
to such phrases as: "The consciousness that the Church
is Chinese," "The Church is becoming indigenous,"
"The tendency to self assertion," and "The increase in
self support." Each one of these aspects of the situation
is more marked now than when those phrases were
first used.
Th> Church is South China Church believes in the
Evangelistic spread and continuous preaching of the
Gospel. We usually think of this as one of
the peculiar functions of the missions, but I think the
Chinese Church is at present outstripping the missions in
its zeal for this work. The wholehearted way in which
the Church has taken hold of the work of the Evangelistic
Association is one of the evidences of this. This Associa-
tion exists for the purpose of the evangelization...”
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Page 97
“...prepared to give up
the responsibility and the churches or organized groups
must be prepared to receive it. The solution of the latter
task involves practically all that is really essential in the
mission objective. In the nature of the case these two
tasks must be carried on simultaneously. It is one thing
to let the mantle fall from shoulders which have long
carried it; it is another thing to see to it that the mantle
falls on other shoulders where it will fit and stick. The
editor of the Year Book has requested me to give a very
brief statement of some experiments of an ordinary
mission in meeting these responsibilities.
The Northern Baptist Mission in East China is
composed of 94 missionaries, including men and women,
with, a total Chinese staff of 441 workers and with an
expenditure this last year, including salaries of missionaries,
board grants, and all fees from churches, schools and
hospitals, of Mex. §631,913.00. This mission has been
experimenting for some years, along with most...”
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Page 101
“...the entire communities which these various
schools serve.
These four experiments, including the one under
contemplation thus roughly and briefly described, give
abundant evidence that this mission has not yet solved
its problem. The writer feels that in a sense an apology
is due for thus intruding on the general public this
description of imperfect experiments. In doing so he is
trusting the judgment of the responsible editor of the
Year Book that such a description may in some mysterious
way be helpful to at least some of the readers of the Year
Book. In addition the writer is so vitally interested in...”
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Page 107
“...question from a study of
minutes and reports and it is probably true that where the
purpose of change has been to strengthen the denomina-
tion, the feeling of the missionary has been that in this
way the whole church could be most benefited.
This brings us, however, to a third consideration with
regard to organization, one that is being urged upon us in
Peking and in North China generally, namely, How much
organization does the Chinese church need and want t V
Professor D. J. Fleming, author of a book on Mission
Devolution, asks this pertinent question, 44 Is the arrange-
ment (mission-church machinery) simple enough for the
conditions actually on the field?" It is this question that
we must now take up.
At a recent Peking Missionary Association
oi^M^n11^5 meeting> a fading Chinese Christian said in
on ac inery you Westerners continually think in...”
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Page 111
“...111 THE VALUE OF THE RI-TKEAT AS A METHOD
forms the nucleus, but a, group chosen because the
individuals are representative and themselves feel the need
of that which the retreat can bring.
To the value of the retreat as a method science and
experience, psychology and history, bring their witness,
which we attempt to outline under four heads.
In withdrawal the soul asserts its freedom,
of Withdrawal s'ave routine, of the telephone
and Silence and the chit-book. If the retreat can be held
where nature's primeval spaces are not barred
by city walls, and no sound of bell or clock jar the
silence, the soul escapes, to some extent, the limitations
of space and time, and enters into a divine experience in
the mere escape. Before the group meets for the first
time hearts are being brought into harmony with the
deeper music of life. If such physical withdrawal is not
possible, and nature cannot furnish the freedom and the
atmosphere, the artificial, or perhaps one should say
the self-determined...”
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Page 121
“...national group of the World
Alliance for Promoting International Friendship through
the Churches. Under the leadership of Professor T. C.
Chao it is expected that much more will be done in the
coming years.*
Other Lines of This record of a start would not be
Service complete without a few words about some
other lines of service. The Council has
issued the monthly Chinese Bulletin under the title
"China for Christ" and a bi-monthly English one; it has
edited the China Church Year Book and the China Mission
Year Book; it has produced the Missionary Directory;
it is planning again to take up the collection and issue
of statistics. Its secretaries have devoted a large part of
their time to travel believing that a national organization
can only serve as it keeps in close personal touch with its
constituency. Through Mr. Lobenstine it serves the
cause of Christian Higher Education to which he is giving
a good part of his time. Through Dr. C. Y. Cheng it
serves the Chinese Home Missionary Society...”
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Page 123
“...CHAPTER XXII
THE CHURCH OF CHRIST IN CHINA
A Movement for Organic Union between the
Presbyterian and Congregational Churches in China
C. G Sparham
Earl History Although special actions affecting this
movement have from time to time been
reported in the China Mission Year Book, it may be well
briefly to outline the history of the movement, and for this
purpose two dates should be borne in mind as of outstand-
ing importance, namely: 1918 and 1922.
In April 1918 the Federal Council of the Presbyterian
Church in China held its fifth and last meeting. This
Council had for eleven years worked for the organisation
of one Presbyterian Church in China. During the year
1917 it had become clear that the situation was approach-
ing a successful issue, and that the formation of a general
assembly should not be long delayed.
Possibilities of About this same time it was also noticed
Wider Union that ]'n many parts of China the organisation
of the churches associated with the American
Board and the London...”
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Page 125
“...Provisional General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church
in China.
The Next Step ear^ at this Assembly was to vote
e e" that the action of the Federal Council with
reference to union with Congregational bodies be regarded
as an action of the Assembly.
The joint committee which had been appointed got to
work, and in January 1919 met at Nanking and adopted a
credal statement and plan of union. These were submitted
to the churches and missions concerned, and were published
in the China Mission Year Book for 1919 (Appendix C.).
First Gene-al a con^erence furtherance of the
Assembly4 union was called, to meet at Shanghai from
April 27th to 29th, during which days the
Presbyterian General Assembly was also in session. There
were then present official representatives of the following
bodies:
a. The Presbyterian Church in China.
b. The Synod of the Church of Christ in Kwangtung.
c. The Synod of the Church of Christ in South Fukien.
d. The Churches and Church Councils associated with
the London Missionary...”
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