Your search within this document for 'year' resulted in 125 matching pages.
 
1 Page i

“...THE CHINA CHRISTIAN YEAR BOOK 1928 (FIFTEENTH ISSUE OF THE CHINA 44 MISSION" YEAR BOOK) Issued under arrangement between the Christian Literature Society for China and the National Christian Council of China under the Direction of the following Editorial Board appointed by the National Christian Council Rev. K. T. Chung Miss L. K* Haass Rev* A. R* Kepler Dr. John Y. Lee Mrs. Herman Liu Rev. E. C. Lobenstine Dr. D. MacGillvray Rev. Edwin Marx Dr. J. L. Maxwell Mr. Plummer Mills Rev. Frank R. Millican Rev. C. E. Patton Dr. Frank Rawlinson Mr. J. H. Reisner Rev. Stanley Smith Miss Helen Thoburn Mr. H. C. Tsao Rev. Z. K. Zia EDITOR ;Rev. Frank Rawlinson^ D. D* Editor, Chinese Recorder. SHANGHAI CHRISTIAN LITERATURE SOCIETY J928...”
2 Page iii

“...PREFACE LANS were started for issuing this Christian Year Book in 1927. But various untoward events and the evacuation of missionaries made them impossible of fulfilment. It is, therefore, two years since this Year Book appeared. In general these two years have created as momentous issues for the Christian Movement in China as it ever met in any other period of its modern existence therein. This a reading of the articles will make clear. This Year Book has very few statistics. They are in general unobtainable. It contains, however, considerable history, some of which runs back as far as 1900; some of its contents are made up of impressions, opinions and discussions. It is, therefore, primarily historical, to some extent psychological but only casually statistical. To those who might feel that varying opinions occupy too much space in a volume of this nature we can only say that such opinions are a prominent aspect of the situation in which Christianity in China now finds itself. An awakened...”
3 Page xi

“...424 Price, Frank W., B.D., M.A*, (1923) Present Outlook for Religious Education, XX. Presbyterian Church (South). Formerly Professor of Religious Education in Nanking Theological Seminary; now Director of Religious Education, and College Pastor, Hangchow Christian College.........* ...... 207 Rawlinson, Frank, M.A., D.D., (1902) Introduction, Recon- structive Crises; Some Aspects of EvangelismIX; Books in English on Religion in China, Part V, Appendix D. American Board. Editor of China Christian Year Book and Chinese Recorder................ 1, 90, 433 Roots, Right Rev. Logan H., M.A., D.D (1896) Effects of 1927 on Work of Missionaries, XII. Chung Hua Sheng Kung Hui. Bishop of Hankow Diocese. Formerly Chairman of the China Continuation Committee. Honorary Secretary, National Christian...”
4 Page 1

“...RECONSTRUCTIVE CRISES INTRODUCTION Editor Two Events Since the articles published in this Year Book were written two events have taken place which set new standards for both the people of China and the Christian Movement therein. These are (1) the Jerusalem Meeting and, (2) the, at least tacit, recognition of Nationalist authority. Both the Revolution and Christianity Crisis26 an now ^ace varius crises and challenges. Christianity has been attacked, often with virulence. This has proved, however, that Christianity now has a permanent foothold in China. The Nation New Ideals China has been going through a revolution- ary struggle for about a generation. For the first time in this generation of struggle those principles originally outlined by Sun Yat Sen have the right of way. They are accompanied by two major desires. First, China^ is seeking to utilize western values and methods in her own rehabilitation. Second, the Revolution has created a new awareness of China's own ancient values....”
5 Page 6

“...PART I NATIONAL LIFE CHAPTER I EVENTS IN CHINA DURING 1927 AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH* H. T. Hodgkin The year nineteen hundred and twenty- Movement seven dawned with the nationalist movement in China at the height of its power. The government recently established in the Wuhan center was recognized by forward-looking Chinese as the best expres- sion up to date, of the ideals of the republic for which Dr. Sun and the Kuomintang had been contending for many years. The spectacular advance through Hunan to the Yangtze Valley and into Hupeh and Kiangsi, where the nationalist forces had met with one success after another, seemed to give an assurance that at last the Republic would become something more than a name and the regime of the Tuchuns come to an end. Preparations were being made for further advances and there was a general expectation that the campaign begun so brilliantly would in a reasonably short space of time be carried through to North China and bring all the eighteen...”
6 Page 11

“...11 NATIONAL LIFE AND THE CHURCH were broken off, and until the end of the year under consideration, no Power had succeeded in re-establishing them on terms satisfactory to itself and acceptable to the Chinese government. The Nanking incident gave an added sense Missionaries of to foreigners resident in China. Following the incident in Hankow a large evacuation of missionaries and other foreign residents in China had been arranged by the consular authorities of the countries concerned. After the Nanking incident, still more drastic steps were taken and in many parts of China there were scarcely any foreigners left to carry on even the most, necessary services. It seemed for a while as if the only thing to do was for foreigners to withdraw altogether from China except from the few points that could be defended, leaving China to work out her own salvation in her own way. Following the Hankow incident and while Troops extreme left was still in control of the situation in Hankow, considerable...”
7 Page 12

“...its leaders were turned almost into cynics and felt that there was but little to choose between the leaders of north and south. While this is true it must not be forgotten Nationalism ^at ^ere was a degree of enthusiasm for the cause which could survive even this severe shock. Around the personality of Dr. Sun Yat-Sen a tradition had grown which gave to him and his principles an almost divine sanction. Early in the year the cult of what has been called Sanminism" (the study and pro- paganda of the San Min Chu I or Three Principles of the People) carried all before it. As the year proceeded criticism of this position developed both on the part of...”
8 Page 13

“...issues; they must also do good work and fit themselves to hold responsible office. The trend away from mere propaganda and to- wards constructive service has been a distinct though not as yet a. dominant one in recent months. In estimating the effect of the events briefly Christian summarized in the foregoing paragraphs upon Church the Christian movement in China, it is neces- sary, however, to remember that points such as these only gradually became apparent and that during the first part of the year, feelings were running very high. It was inevitable that the Christian NationaHstsnd <^rches China shollld be deeP]y ved and responsive to the currents of thought in the nation as a whole. This, of course, was more evident in areas under the control of, or in sympathy with, the nationalist movement than in the northern provinces where there was less propaganda and where strong re- pressive influences were brought to bear. At the same time, it will be fair to say that the general tendency among...”
9 Page 17

“...feeling has tended to predominate, and the steady support of Chinese to the National Christian Council, even when some of the missionaries have ques- tioned its value, is a further evidence of the same temper. 5. Growing Interest in Public Affairs A generation ago the Chinese churches felt National themselves to be, as indeed they mostly were, Movements little groups of believers, somewhat outside the main current of China's national life. To-day, and especially through the events of the last year, the Christian movement has been drawn into the tide of China's developing national self-consciousness. More and more are leading Chinese Christians feeling that the church must not stand outside the national movements, that she must find a way of expressing herself in regard to great moral issues that are raised in connection with the economic development of the country, in connection with her political life and international relationships, in connection with the home and social customs. To many...”
10 Page 19

“...19 NATIONAL LIFE AND THE CHURCH schools have produced a lot of thinking by-Chinese on the problem of voluntary versus required religious teaching and other aspects of the educational program. No doubt the church is gaining much in this way through the events of the last year or two. 7. A Stronger Emphasis on Character Building Christian leaders have watched the develop- Nc^ed*1*13 ment of the nationalist movement with great hope, but also with a certain amount of misgiving. As time has gone on, it has become more and more apparent that the crux of the question for China is whether a leadership can be developed which will be truly selfless, public spirited, and absolutely honest. The breakdown in one after another of the leaders in China has been due more to moral failure than to political mistakes. There is a great fear in the heart of many Chinese lest a movement so full of promise should be wrecked through the moral failure of its leadership. Among Chinese Christian leaders, therefore...”
11 Page 20

“...of 1927. As the year proceeded, the intense feelings and the strain through which Christians had been living, tended to pass away, and a soberer view of the whole situation settled, not only upon the church, but upon the nation as a whole. Those who had looked to a very speedy accomplishment of their objectives, came to realize that there are still many terrific obstacles to be overcome. Those who had tended to throw all or nearly all the blame for China's ills upon foreign Powers came to realize some of the grave dangers which exist within China herself. Those who had counted upon the pronouncement of ideals and slogans as adequate to carry the movement forward to success, came to see how long a process of education is required before such ideals can be understood by the mass of the people and become operative in the life of the nation. For the leaders in the church no less than Future fQr ^Qge -n ^ g^e, ^jg change proved valuable, and as China passed into the new year, the temper was...”
12 Page 29

“...information necessary for the National Association to formulate their projects. At first the farmers were skeptical as to the ability of these men from the National Association to help them agriculturally. However, as a friendly gesture 15 mow of lanyear 100 mow were given to them. With the manual help of some of the local boys, they again demonstrated that scientific agriculture could be adopted in rural China and would produce good crops. Last summer 1200 mow were given to these experts. The civil war has interrupted this good work for a while but the demonstration of the compatibility of labor and learning and also the efficacy of scientific agriculture was not made in vain. While the average farmer is too poor to Agricultural ^uy agricultural...”
13 Page 36

“...36 STATUS OF WOMEN IN MODERN CHINA 36 changes. The Suffrage Associations which this period brought into existence subsequently languished. As is frequently the case in Chinese women's organizations, they continue to exist while their functioning is in abeyance, to revive when the need recurs. s rffa In 1921, when the Constitution of Kwang- tung Province was being drafted women leaders in Canton petitioned for provincial suffrage: on March 29, of that year, seven hundred women paraded, demanding their rights. They failed to achieve a provin- cial vote but were granted municipal suffrage. When, also in 1921, the province of Hunan drew up its constitu- tion, a woman was elected provincial representative; she subsequently sat with other members in the National Parliament in Peking. Provincial constitutions of Clie- kiang and Szechwan, prior to the northern advance of the Southern Army and the establishment of the Nationalist Government along the Yangtze Valley, both granted women equal franchise...”
14 Page 42

“...religious Religious . .. .. i , i , Thought institutions in China, let us now seek to define current religious thought as stimulated by these problems and situations. The limits of this article allow only the barest of outlines of what Bud- dhists and Protestant Christians are thinking now. Other religious bodies, such as the Taoists and Confucianists, either have not yet been awakened or their thinking is not known to the public. The Buddhists suffered more than the Religious Christians in the year 1927. In many places Amoi?ht ^ey were very treated. But some Buddhists them still think that since there is no hope for the Buddhists themselves to initiate reforms, it is necessary, therefore, to rely upon external force-, whether these are their friends or not. Their people will anyway receive certain stimuli and, therefore, an opportunity for improvement. Furthermore, they are convinced that the foundation of Buddhism is not temple property, so that even with the possibility of losing some...”
15 Page 60

“...PART III CHURCH LIFE CHAPTER VI LOSSES AND GAINS OF THE CHURCH IN 1927 Edwin Marx Viewing the year 1927 as a whole the losses of the Church have been almost wholly material and institu- tional; of things which at worst encumbered the Church, and at best were external, transient, or non-essential. The gains have been in the realm of the spirit. They pertain to those aspects of the Christian movement which are vital, essential, abiding. The losses and suffering were of the body; the victories and rewards were of the soul. In the category of losses it is natural to ses include the extensive exodus of missionaries; the sequestration of church and mission properties; personal property losses, some the result of intentional acts and others incidental to conditions of war; the interference with schools, and closing of hospitals; the harrying of Christians, resulting in suffering of mind and body and in deaths. The extent of these inroads is difficult to indicate concretely without entering into...”
16 Page 66

“...National Christian Council in any year is of a character which is little, if at all, altered by changing circumstances. There is a regular output, for example, of literature, including the Chinese and English Bulletins, the preparation of yearbooks in the Chinese and English languages, the publication of a directory of missionaries and such special pieces of literature as may from time to time be required in the development of the organization. Work in 1927 attempting to give a picture of the work of the Council during 1927, no attempt is made to summarize activities of this kind. It is not without significance that the Council was able in the main to continue such regular work. Special efforts occurring during the year, such as the work done during the New Year in what is known as the Week of Evangelism were certainly handicapped, by conditions of unsettlement in China, but much regular work was continued, at any rate for large parts of China, during the year. The special interest, however...”
17 Page 67

“...NATIONAL CHBISTIAN COUNCIL 67 The Call ^ c^ose 1926 the Council was planning to issue widely and follow up vigorously the 44 Call which came out of the annual meeting held in October of that year. This was a call to examine and follow the way of Christ in personal and social lifea call emphasizing the fundamentally spiritual nature of the Christian message and at the same time stressing the necessity of working this message out through a fearless readjustment of the individual life in accordance with the example and teachings of Jesus. The Call " emphasized the implications of discipleship in the home and in the wider relationships of the Christian. Events which took place in China at the turn of the year deeply moved the Christian churches throughout the country and in many places involved a complete reorganization of their work to meet the emergency. During the spring ! months thousands of missionaries were withdrawn from : their stations. In certain sections of the country very acute...”
18 Page 69

“...NATIONAL CHBISTIAN COUNCIL 69 discussed, some of which, at any rate, are by no means firmly established and the application of which to China is a very doubtful advantage. Early in the year the National Christian Council faced the fact that many Christians, including pastors and other leaders, were seeking guidance as to the Christian attitude towards such economic questions. It was realized that in recent years, representative Christian groups in other countries have been doing a great deal of thinking on the question of the relation of Christianity to our industrial and social prob- lems. It was felt that the result of this thinking should be made available for the churches in China and still more, that those who are competent to do so should have the opportunity of getting together for more detailed discussion of the problems raised. This led to the calling of a small conference Conference which was held in Shanghai in August, when a group, largely Chinese in composition, came together...”
19 Page 70

“...out- standing fact is that progress is being made in nearly every group and in not a few at a rate which a few years ago would have been thought impossible. The Council seeks to serve the churches and missions by collecting and studying the results of such steps and the nature of all experiments made in this wide field. Though not an outcome of the conditions the6Jerusalem1, in China itself> the preparation for the above Meeting meeting involved a considerable amount of special work during the year. Care was taken to select a group of delegates who should be as far as possible representative of different parts of the country...”
20 Page 71

“... to all those who attend and through them to many others. This expectation has been fulfilled. The thought given to the subjects which came up for discussion has been of particular value to the committees on Church and Mission j Administration and on Religious Education as well as ! to that on the Christianizing of International Relations, as the presentation of various questions has been the means of bringing out many interesting points of view and starting fresh lines of thought. During the year, two or three of the larger ^Thfc^unciT bodies cooperating in the work of the Council, submitted suggestions to the Council with a view to its reorganization on more representative lines. It is now more than five years since the National Conference was held at which the Council came into existence and it has from the beginning been found difficult to maintain the very close contact desirable between the Council and the various church and mission organizations. Still more difficult is it to ensure...”