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Ocular morbidity among earthquake survivors in a community based hospital in Nepal
Article in Kathmandu University Medical Journal • April 2017
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“...Original Article
VOL. 15 NO. 2 ISSUE 58 APRIL-JUNE 2017
Ocular Morbidity among Earthquake Survivors in a Community
Based Hospital in Nepal
Shrestha P, Sthapit PR
ABSTRACT
Department of Ophthalmology Background Nepal suffered a massive loss of lives and property following devastating earthquake
Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital on Saturday 25 April, 2015 and 12 May, 2015. Though Nepal is prone to natural disasters and ocular trauma being important cause of visual morbidity, the impact of
Dhulikhel, Nepal. ocular trauma in disaster setting has rarely been studied.
Corresponding Author Objective The aim of this study was to report the spectrum of ocular morbidities among the earthquake survivors who presented to a tertiary care Hospital which lies close to
Pooja Shrestha major earthquake hit districts of Nepal.
Department of Ophthalmology Method
Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital This is a hospital based retrospective study where details of all the cases with...”
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“...studies carried out which estimates the burden and impact of ocular morbidity due to natural disasters like earthquake in our local context inspite of Nepal lying in the earthquake prone zone. So, this study aims to analyze the pattern of ocular morbidity among the earthquake survivors in a community based Hospital of Nepal which lies close to the major earthquake hit districts of Nepal.
METHODS
This was a hospital based retrospective study conducted in department of Ophthalmology in Dhulikhel Hospital, Kathmandu University Hospital. Informed consent was not necessary for this study as it was a retrospective study which included the pre-existing data. The Institutional review committee of Kathmandu University approved this study. We retrospectively reviewed the records book of Ophthalmology out patient department and emergency department including the patients of any age group, with earthquake related ocular problems or injuries, who presented during first three weeks of the disaster period from...”
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“...incidence of 0.65 per 1000 male populations per year and that of 0.38 per 1000 females population per year.11 However, there have been very few studies regarding the prevalence of ocular injuries or morbidities in a natural disaster conditions like earthquake in Nepal or worldwide, although Nepal lies in the earthquake prone belt. This study reveals that among the total earthquake affected patients presenting to our hospital, 2.5% had ocular morbidities, either in the form of ocular trauma or ocular diseases pertaining to earthquake which is higher than the study conducted in Rawalpindi General Hospital and Holy
family Hospital in Rawalpindi which had 0.19 % of ocular injuries among the total patients received at the Hospital during the Pakistan earthquake of October 2005.12 Their low prevalence than ours may be due to their exclusion of mild to moderate ocular injuries. This is the only literature available for reference as ocular trauma related to natural disasters has not been studied compared...”
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“...ocular finding documented in this study was eyelid lacerations with or without surrounding structure damage followed by conjunctival inflammations. There were 17 cases of episcleral inflammations also which maybe due to allergy to dust and dander released from collapsed houses as allergy has been associated with occurrence of episcleritis in other studies also.18 There were three cases of lateral rectus palsy with patients presenting with esotropia and diplopia which can be explained by the fact that most of the injuries were due to collapsed houses and involved associated head and neck injuries. Another general ocular trauma study done previously in our Hospital also revealed ocular contusion injury with lid oedema, ecchymosis and sub-conjunctival hemorrhage as the most frequent finding.13 But in contrast to our finding, in a study done in Rawalpindi Hospital after the Pakistan Earthquake of 2005, orbital fractures and cranial nerve palsies were the most common findings encountered.12
P...”
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“...EK, Katz. The epidemiology of ocular trauma in rural Nepal. BrJ Ophthalmol 2004; 88:456-60
12. Muhammad S, Khan NF. Ocular Injuries in Earthquake victims, lournal of Rawalpindi Medical College. 2007; 11{1): 30-2.
13. Sthapit PR, Marasini S, Khoju U, Thapa G, Nepal BP. Ocular trauma Hospital in patients presenting to Dhulikhel Hospital. Kathmandu Univ Med J 2011; 33: 54-7.
14. Noji EK, Kelen GD, Armenian HK, Oganessian A, Jones NP, Silverston KT. The 1988 earthquake in Soviet Armenia: a case study. Ann Emerg Med. 1990;19:891-7.
15. Abraham DI, Vitale SI, West SI, Issemel. Epidemiology of eye injuries in rural Tanzania. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 1999;6{2):85-94.
16. Niiranen M, Raivio I. Eye injuries in children. Br J Ophthalmol. 1981;65{6):436-8.
17. Pradhan E, Limbu B, Thakali S, Jain NS, Gurung R, Ruit S. The impact of ocular trauma during the Nepal Earthquake in 2015. BMC Ophthalmology 2017; 17{32):l-6.
18. Maza MS, Molina N, Gonzalez LA, Doctor PP, Tauber J, Foster CS. Clinical characteristics...”
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