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1

“...province from west to east Recovery and is navigable by junks at least as far west as Po-se, a two attributable days' journey from the Yunnan frontier, is attributable Kwangsi's more rapid recovery, for not only does the river itself flow through a prosperous country, but it possesses tributaries connecting it with the chief centres of agriculture and industry as well as with the great lumber regions of the province. Yunnan and Kueichow, on the other hand, possess waterways of little com- mercial value within the provinces themselves. Kwangsi, which is much smaller than Yunnan and larger than Area and Kueichow, is credited with an area of 78,250 square miles and a population of (246) a 2 kwangsi....”
2

“...t°aa°eieign commercial intercourse. By Article II of the additional conven- tion between the two powers signed at Peking on June 26, 1887, the city of Lungchow, in the south-west of Kwangsi—35 miles by Lungchow. road from the Tonquin frontier and 46 miles from the town of Railway from Langson—was opened to foreign trade, and a railway is. in course Tonquin to of construction between Langson and Lungchow. Up to the Traded' present the trade of Lungchow has been insignificant, the highest Lungchow value since the establishment of a foreign custom-house there in insignificant. 1889 being reached in the year 1894 where it amounted, in spite of differential duties, to only 153,133 Haikwan taels, principally imports. Whether the railway when completed to Lungchow will affect the trade, through Palthoi, with South-western Kwangsi remains to be seen; but one thing is certain, and it is the Sikiang The West or West Eiver is the natural trade highway of the province of Ri™r ^ Kwangsi, and the only thing...”
3

“...cognisance of the Imperial Maritime Customs from that date to December 31, 1897, a period of nearly seven months. The gross value of the trade of Wuchow f June 4 to December 31, Total trade. 1897) was 1,916,172 Haikwan taels (285,429/.,) made up as follows:—Foreign goods imported from Hong-Kong 1,368,983 Foreign Haikwan taels (203,921/.), and from Chinese ports 26,893 Iiaikwan g0° s' taels (4,006/.), or a total of 1,395,876 Haikwan taels (207,9272.). Goods, however, of the value of 3,461 Haikwan taels (5152.) were re-exported, making the net value of foreign goods imported 1,392,415 Haikwan taels (207,412/.). The value of native produce imported, chiefly from Canton Native goods and Samshui, was only 47,394 Haikwan taels (7,060/.), making the imP°rtecl- net total value of the imports of all kinds 1,439,809 Haikwan taels (214,472/.). As regards exports, the value of native produce exported to Native goods Hong-Kong was 398,329 Haikwan taels (59,334/.), and to Chinese exl)01'ted- ports—Ningpo...”
4

“...passes through the native custom-house exact statistics on the export are unobtainable. Indian yarn now heads the list and accounts for nearly one-half the value of foreign imports—27,141 piculs valued at 624,251 Haikwan taels (92,987?.). Besides yarn, 1,324 piculs of Indian raw cotton valued at 35,741 Haikwan taels (5,324?.) found their ■way to Wuchow. I shall refer later to the transit trade of the port, and may simply mention here that, for overland carriage, these bales of yarn have to be divided up into packages weighing 65 catties, two packages going to each pack animal's load. Of manufactured cotton goods, grey and white shirtings, 32-incli and 36-inch cloths, damasks, and velvets were most in demand. In woollen goods, English camlets, plain lastings, long ells, Spanish stripes, and broacl cloth were the chief imports. The total value of metals amounted to only 2,3451., made up chiefly of rod, bar, and old iron and steel bars. In sundries, betel nuts, cuttle-fish, llama braid, lily flowers...”
5

“...added to as a more intimate acquaintance with the province is acquired. Meantime, I shall deal with the exports in 1897. The total value of the exports amounted to 472,902 Haikwan taels (70,442/.), Hong-Kong taking goods to the value of 59,334/., and the balance going to Ningpo, Canton, Samshui, Sliinking, Kongmoon, and Kuinchuk, principally to Samshui (for tranship- ment to Fatslian) and Kongmoon, a great manufacturing centre famed for its fans and grass-cloth, and the most important of the four places of call on the West Kiver. The chief exports were star anLeed (5,108/.), rhea fibre Nature of (2,783/.), hides (cow and buffalo, 13,937/.), liquid indigo (6,916/.). exP0,'ts- cassia-leaf oil (2,186/.), wood oil (5,646/.), raw white silk (4,957/.), white sugar (2,339/.), and wood planks (17,688/.). A complete list of the exports, their quantitj' and value, will be found in Annex II. Soon after the opening of the port a grant to collect at Wuchow Transit trade, a tso-li—a destination or...”
6

“...Shipping. Variety of craft under foreign customs. Distance from Wuchow to Hong-Kong and Canton. feed, may be gathered l'rom the fact that transit passes covering goods of the value of 223,510 Haikwan taels for Nan-ning—the supposed objective of the Langson-Lungchow railway—were issued in 1897. This sum is more than double the value of the total trade of Lungchow in 1896, which amounted to 111,328 Haikwan taels, made up of foreign imports, 68,162 Haikwan taels, and exports, 43,166 Haikwan taels. The total value of the inward transit trade in Kwangsi from Wuchow was 889,306 Haikwan taels (132,470£). But Wuchow does more; it supplies part of Eastern Kwangtung (1,862/.), and the West of Kueichow (10,963('.); and it is bidding strongly for the import trade of Yunnan, which was supplied with foreign goods of the value of 51,269 Haikwan taels (7,6371). It is scarcely matter for surprise that goods are being sent under transit pass to Lin-an Fu, in which prefecture the port of Kicng-tzu is situated...”
7

“...former province is said to produce three times the export from the latter. The total export of cassia (including cassia lignea, buds, twigs, twig bark, and broken cassia) by junk and steamer from the two provinces, through Canton, in 1896 amounted to 102,810 piculs valued at 590,798 Haikwan taels. Of so-called cinnamon 99 piculs (4,801 Haikwan taels) were also exported, as well as 398 piculs of leaf-oil of the value of 56,484 Haikwan taels, making a total value of cassia and cassia products of 653,083 Haikwan taels. But China consumes very much more than she exports, so that the total value of the cassia trade must be very considerable. Rice, barley, wheat, Indian corn, and millet (Holcus soryknm, Cereals. L.) are all cultivated in Kwangsi, but, as in the southern provinces generally, rice is by far the most important crop not only as being the staple food of the people, but also as an article of export to...”
8

“...Kwangsi as in Kwangtung. Here, as there, the coir is made into ropes and coarse string. Eice straw is used for the same purpose, but it lacks strength. The fibre of Puerarici Thunbergiana, Benth., which grows here, is not prepared and made into cloth. In the Yangtze Valley this is a considerable industry. In this province, however, the creeper is grown only for its bulbous roots, which are an article of food. Kwangsi produces a considerable variety of fruits, but they Fruits, are of little value commercially. They include lichees (Nephelium vegetables, litchi, Camb.), peaches, pears, plums, pumeloes (Citrus deeumana, and roots- Z,), dates (Zizyplms vulgaris, Lam.), loquats (JEriobatrya japonica,...”
9

“...does not pretend to be an exhaustive list of the minerals of Kwangsi or their centres of production; but I am assured by a Chinese gentleman who has made a study of the minerals of this and the western provinces of China that, so far as it goes, it is perfectly reliable. I am indebted to the courtesy of Mr. James Acheson, Acting Commissioner of Customs, for early access to the returns compiled in his office. In converting currency into sterling it has been assumed that Exchange, the demand value of the Haikwan tael during 1897 averaged 2s. 11| d....”
10

“...20 wuchow. Annex I.—Return of Principal Articles of Import at Wuchow from June 4 to December 31, 1897. Articles. Quantity. Value. Foreign imports :— £ Cotton goods— 10,607 Shirtings, grey, plain Pieces 28,492 „ white ii 15,266 7,277 „ figured, brocaded, and spotted.. 791 354 „ dyed, plain, 20 yards .. 2,198 687 », n n • • • • „ „ figured, brocaded, 3,629 1,297 spotted . • ii • • 1,052 376 Cloths, 32 inches i> 12,916 6,094 „ 36 „ »j • • 5,797 1,731 Drills, English ...... II • • 287 118 „ Dutch.. !» ' * 12 7 „ American 11 * * 191 85 Cliintaes and furnitures II ' ' 1,246 780 Tinted cotton balzarines 278 116 ,, lenos Turkey red shirtings II * • 608 217 11 1,579 706 Damasks, dyed .. II 1 ' 1,284 1,527 Velvets II ' * 2,028 1,610 Cambrics, plain and printed 11 * * 467 256 Muslins 11 * ' 1,682 111 Handkerchiefs Dozens 7,909 288 Spanish stripes Pieces 165 103 Cotton flannel ii ■ • 769 292 „ cretonne 456 328 „ cloth, Japanese II 833 82 „ crape.. ii 517 76 Yarn, English „. Lbs...”
11

“...wuchow. 21 Return of Principal Articles of Import at Wuchow from June 4 to December 31, 1897—continued. Articles. Quantity. Value. Foreign imports—continued :— £ Sundries— Almonds, sweet Lbs. 4,469 150 Alum, white 65,644 220 Aniseed, star 1,791 45 „ broken Awabi 371 2 >) 4 * 8,283 228 Betel-nuts 311,181 2,812 997 Beche de mer, black.. 24,131 7,779 „ „ white >> * • 174 Clocks Pieces 846 245 Cotton, raw, Indian Lbs. 176,501 5,324 Cuttle-fish 181,813 2,114 Dates, black .. 40,951 252 », red........ • • 19,257 64 Fish, salt........ .. 178,860 440 „ dried i) 656 3 „ raw........ 3,384 210 Flour ........ » ■ * 98,520 372 389 Glass, window Boxes 211 Lamps Pieces 13,179 162 Lily flowers, dried Lbs. 103,920 824 Llama braid .. .. .. 9,612 938 Matches, wooden Japanese.. Gross 84,999 3,163 705 Medicines Lbs. 56,183 Mussels, dried IJ ' • 72,069 604 Oil, kerosene— American Gallons 749,410 14,847 Sumatra .. .. » 299,710 5,491 Russian >> • 133,455 2,544 167 Oil, ground-nut Lbs. 14...”
12

“...Quantity. Value. Aniseed, star Lbs. 152,420 £ 5,108 Coal ...... Tons 553 371 Firewood Lbs. 1,759,880 382 Glue, eow J) * 67,015 973 Hides, cow and buffalo 832,127 13,937 Horns, cow .. .. }> * 32,079 179 Indigo, liquid J) • • 825,369 6,916 Leather .. .. l» * 153,897 ],978 Lung-ngan pulp )) • • 10,076 15,905 168 Medicines 398 Nutgalls...... >> • ' 25,657 487 Oil- Aniseed )J * 1,552 378 Cassia-leaf >> * • 10,299 2,186 Ground-nut 3,531 40 Tea .... 11 ' ' 21,805 275 "Wood.. >> • ' 631,685 5,646 Paper, 1st quality » 2nd „ ») ' * 9,183 92 >> * * 32,925 37,391 110 Preserves t) * ' 276 Rhea fibre 1 > • • 325,499 2,783 Seeds, melon .. )) • • 65,361 394 Silk, raw, white »> • • 22,187 4,957 Sugar, brown .. ft • • 99,044 276 „ white >» • • 452,479 2,339 Tallow, animal )> * * 20,947 164 Timber- Beams, soft wood .. .. Pieces .. 2,047 71 Planks „ >> * * 59,479 17,688 Poles „ Wood, camphor » * * 467 139 Lbs. 32,480 30 TJnenumerated .. .. •• 1,141 Annex III.—Table showing Total Value of all Articles...”