| 1 |
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“...to the influx of many thousand Shantung and other coolies
employed in connection with shipping. It is generally given as about 80,000.
The Chinese population of the town was reported by the Taotai to the customs
as 60,902 on January 1, 1912, but there is nothing to show what area is intended.
Population of Yingk'ou sub-prefecture was returned as 210,806 ; that of the
province of Fengt'ien as 19,290,000. Foreign residents in Newchwang, January,
1912, 2,192, of whom 2,004 were Japanese.
Average value of the Haikuan tael, both for 1910 and 1911, is taken as 2s. 8 ^d.;
for 1909, 2s. 7\d.; for 1908, 2s. U.; for 1907, 3s. U.; and for 1906, 3s. 3
1 picul = 133J lbs....”
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| 2 |
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“...—In spite of dislocation and alarm due
to plague in all the surrounding districts in the spring, widespread
floods in the summer and consequent distress, deepening in many-
centres into famine as the year drew to a close, and in spite of the
reaction on the local money market of the revolutionary movements
throughout China in the autumn, the trade of Newchwang for 1911
may fairly claim to have been the largest on record.
It is true that the total (74,271,489 Haikuan taels or 9,999,574?.
net value) falls short of the 10,982,329?. assigned to 1905. But, apart
from the fact that 10,982,329?. at 3s. Oy1,Td., the average rate for 1905,
is only 73,127,169 Haikuan taels, it has been repeatedly shown in
these reports that the trade for 1905 was unnaturally inflated by
causes directly attributable to the Russo-Japanese war. Mr. Consul
Tebbitt, in his report for 1906, mentions the " great demand for
commodities created by the huge contending armies in Manchuria,"
and Mr. Consul Fulford, in that...”
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| 3 |
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“...4
NEWCHWANG.
from the somewhat depressed conditions of these branches in 1910,
but it is plain that so general and, on the whole, so evenly distributed
an advance represents a real extension of genuine business of this
port, peculiarly gratifying in a year when there were so many adverse
circumstances to contend against.
The following table shows the fluctuations since 1907 :—
Table showing the Value of the Total Trade (Steamer and Junk)
of Newchwang during the Years 1907-11.
1907. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911.
Imports— Foreign (not) Native Exports ...... £ 1,720,425 1,734,793 2,883,443 £ 2,0£0,231 1,749,212 3,319,576 £ 2,481,564 2,540,828 4,103,430 £ 2,521,296 2,302,001 3,942,822 £ 2,839,440 2,761,489 4,398,645
Net trade ... Rs-exports (foreign and native) 6,338,601 75,512 7,089,019 31,735 9,131,822 20,189 8,706,119 33,063 9,999,574 17,665
Grose trade... 6,414,173 7,120,754 9,152,011 8,799,182 10,017,239
The 2,839,4402. foreign imports consist of 1,285,959?. from foreign
countries...”
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| 4 |
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“...included. Its extent, compared with steamer
trado, is shown in the following summary :—
Total Entered and Cleared.
1910. 1911.
Vessels. Tonnage. Vessels. Tonnage.
Under general regulations Inland navigation ... 1,214 326 1,296,642 242,882 1,358 284 1,4£ 7,652 203,148
Total foreign vessels ... 1,540 1,539,524 1,642 1,630,800
Junks entered „ cleared 1 4,714 4,623
Total junks 7,435 287,725 9,337 351,145
I append two tables whereof the first shows the tonnage, entered
and cleared, and the value of the cargo, of vessels of each nationality
in the years 1910-11, and the second the percentage of tonnage
and cargo of vessels of each nationality. The records distinguish
the tonnage under general regulations from that under inland wateis
navigation certificate, but give no indication of the proportion of
<568)...”
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| 5 |
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“...G
NEWCHWANG.
cargo carried under these two headings. Owing to the existence of
the junk trade I have duplicated the percentage table; the figures
on the left show the proportion assignable to each nationality in the
steamer trade, those on the right the proportion as compared with
the entire trade, junk trade being, of course, entirely under the Chinese
flag.
Share taken by each Country; Tonnage and Value of Cargo.
Country.
Tonnage Entered and
Cleared.
1910.
1911.
Cargo Carried.
1910. 1911.
United Kingdom—
General regulations
Inland waters ...
Total
Japan—
General regulations
Inland waters ...
Total
China—
General regulations
Inland waters ...
Total
Norway—
Geneial regulations
Inland waters ...
Total
General regulation?—
Germany
France ...
Netherlands
Italy ...
Russia ...
Korea ...
Denmark
Total-
General regulations.
Inland waters
Total steamer trade
Junk trade (China)
Grand total
437,502 , 534,120
151,514 j 74,598
589,016 658,718 3,072,562 4,051,168
1 482...”
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| 6 |
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“...favourable
impression seemingly deducible from these figures, namely the omission
of all reference to the very large export, amounting to nearly 40,000
tons, of Chinese Government salt during the year. This, being a
Government monopoly, is not entered in any way in the customs
returns, though the tonnage of the ships carrying it is entered. Most
of this cargo was carried in Japanese vessels, the residue in Chinese
steamers. It is evident that the omission of so large an item tends to
vitiate the value for statistical purposes of the returns, and that, had it...”
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| 7 |
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“...newchwang.
9
been included, the tables would not have shown British shipping, with a
very slight excess in tonnage, as carrying nearly double the value of
cargo credited to Japanese.
Yet, allowing all possible discount for this item, our shipping
shows a very satisfactory advance, both proportionate and absolute,
especially for a year in which trade was so seriously disturbed.
Quarantine measures in connection with the plague delayed and
impeded the trade with the opposite coast of Shantung, with Tientsin,
and other places at the beginning of the season, and in the auti-mn
an embargo on cereals, due to harvest failure and famine, further
restricted shipping activity, especially affecting the principal British
coasting line.
The British share in inland waters trade was reduced to about
one-half of what it had been in 1910 ; this reduction is partly the
result of plague prevention measures, partly of vigorous competition
by a Chinese rival firm.
Japanese.—Japanese tonnage shows an increase...”
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| 8 |
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“...most valuable single item in the piece-goods trade of the
port, with a total of 424,982 pieces, three times the average of the
previous five years, valued at 190,482?. White shirtings, in which,
unfortunately, the returns do not show the country of origin, have
also risen to nearly double the average quantity and value of recent
years. In grey shirtings the two large items, British and American,
show, the one a small, the other a large, increase, while the Japanese
article has dropped to unimportance. In sheetings, on the other
hand, the Japanese product shows a progressive and very rapid advance
in demand, the figures for 1911 being in quantity nearly three times
and in value considerably over three times the average. A similar
phenomenon is observable in drills, where, however, the British article
is of small consequence in this market; the Japanese trade has grown
steadily while the American has fluctuated and, on the whole, declined....”
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| 9 |
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“...whole of the Sumatra oil, came here direct from abroad. No
Russian and no Borneo oil appears in the 1911 list.
The importation of foreign sugar was a little below the average
in quantity and a little above the average in value. Prices, as is
well known, have gone up during the past year. Nearly 93 per cent,
came direct from foreign countries, among which, however, Hong-
Kong is included.
Under the heading of paper I have noted, as a separate item, the
importation of 37,606 cwts. of old newspapers, valued at 14,618?.
This is a new feature. These old newspapers, which appear to be
mostly British, are in extensive demand in this district for wall-
paper for native houses and cottages. Apart from this new
development the importation of foreign paper was somewhat less in
value, though more in bulk, than in 1910, but the difference is far
more than balanced by a largely increased importation of paper of
native manufacture. The local Chinese newspapers have enormously...”
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| 10 |
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“...floods would ruin the local harvest and force up the
price of grain to such a figure as to induce a demand for foreign supply.
Foreign, that is, American, flour has accordingly returned to this
market, to the extent of 65,769 cwts., valued at 28,932?. This
importation is small compared to what was usual until a few years ago,
and, such as it is, I fear it can only be regarded as a result of the
misfortunes which overtook local farmers last summer.
In foreign sundries generally, out of a total value of 1,030,055?.,
imports direct from foreign countries amounted to 747,891?. or 72|
per cent. In one or two items, e.g., Japanese cotton cloth, coal and
Sumatra kerosene oil, the direct foreign import is given as a sum
exceeding the total net import from all sources ; this is, of course,
due to the inclusion of re-export to other Chinese ports. On the
entire total of all classes of foreign imports the percentage of direct
importation from abroad is 45 per cent, in 1911 and 48 per cent, in
1910...”
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| 11 |
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“...newchwang.
13
Exports. Beans, &c.—The total shipment from Newchwang of
the staple export of this district—beans and bean products—amounted
in 1911 to a value of 3,416,7252. against 3,080,4152. in 1910, and an
average of 2,904,8782. in the five years 1906-10. The increase
occurred entirely in bean cake and bean oil, beans themselves having
fallen from 3,117,310 cwts. (1,104,5702.) to 2,753,345 cwts. (978,03520.
The accompanying table shows the destination of beans and bean
products for the years 1910-11 :—...”
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| 12 |
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“...as seed and as oil,
during the year and is likely to increase.
The export of bristles shows a distinct increase year by year.
In 1911,473 cwts. went to the United Kingdom and 144 cwts. to the
United States direct. But for interference and delay due to sanitary
precautions during the plague epidemic it cannot be doubted that
the increase of this trade would have been more rapid than it has
been.
Coal, as an export, only began to appear in 1907, but is now
shipped from Newchwang to an annual value exceeding 100,0002.
Tne supply comes mainly from Fushun, near Mukden, but also from
Penhsihu on the Mukden-Antung Railway, and from Yent'ai near
Liaoyang. In another direction, viz., to the north-west of Cninchow,
good coal is found at two places, named Peipiao and Hsincli'iu,
and it has been partly in the hope of providing an outlet for
these mines that the harbour works at Hulutao have been com-
menced, and the railway from Chinchow towards Aigun projected
(see map).
Export of seeds and cereals...”
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| 13 |
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“...its own needs in this class of goods, for I hear of some importa-
tion of Australian rabbit-skins for the manufacture of the fur caps
worn by. all classes here in winter.
The quantity and value of the principal exports for the years
1909-11 are tabulated in Annex 3 at the end of this report and I
have there given the averages for the five years 1906-10 where
ascertainable. In some instances it is omitted on account of
incompleteness of records, and in the cases of coal and castor oil I
have inserted the average for 1907-10.
Direct trade with foreign countries.—Annexes 5, 6 and 7 deal with
the part of the trade of this port which is carried on with foreign
countries direct, showing respectively the amount of imports and
exports from and to the different countries in 1909-11 ; the quantity
and value and percentage to total trade of the imports from foreign
countries and of the exports to foreign countries in 1911, with the
corresponding values for 1910 added in some instances for comparison...”
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| 14 |
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“...unclassified sundries.
Hong-Kong.—Imports, 259,824?.; exports, 132,241?., mostly cargo
in transit both ways, but including such items as refined sugar from
the Hong-Kong refineries, and the bulk of the melon seed that leaves
Newchwang, also 197,202 cwts. of beans.
Straits Settlements.—No direct exports ; imports, 48,401?., wholly
or almost wholly, kerosene oil.
British India.—No direct exports ; imports, 3,252?., mostly gunny
bags and/or 3rarn.
South Africa.—No imports ; exports, 1,401?., the value of 1,950
cwts. of sesamum seed.
Canada.—No exports ; imports, 1,290?., probably flour.
Australia and New Zealand.—Imports, 16?., possibly rabbit-skins.
The customs tables show no exports, but daily export lists show
700 tons of coal, taken by a steamer proceeding direct to Australia ;
presumably it was bunker coal.
Jafan.—As in previous years the bulk of the direct foreign trade
of this port was with Japan, i.e., 671,395?. out of 1,285,959?., or 52 "3
per cent, of the imports, and 1,390,854...”
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| 15 |
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“...Butch Indies—Imports, 7,463?.y kerosene oil; • exports, 29,477?.,
comprising beans, 83,929 cwts. ; bean oil' (if export list is correct),
1,186 cwts. ; medicinal wines, vermicelli, earthenware and mats. '
Russia. Pacific ports.—Imports, 919?.; exports, 6,672?., chiefly coal,
with small quantities of dried shrimps and other minor sundries.
But 'in addition to these officially recorded articles, Vladivostok took
35,914tons and Nikolaevsk or other ports on the Amur River 2,319 tons
of salt, whose value is unrecorded. This salt is not for consumption
in Russia but recrosses the frontier into Northern Manchuria, &c.
Another shipment of 800 tons appears on the list as sent to Chinkiang.
It appears to have been detained and unloaded there by the revolu-
tionary authorities but was, I understand, originally meant for
reshipment to Vladivostok.
Continent of Europe.—I have been able to trace the following
shipments to European Continental ports :—
To Antwerp : bean oil, 12,119 cwts. in three shipments...”
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| 16 |
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“...Table showing the 'Quantity and Value of the Principal Foreign Imports into .Newchwang during the Years 1909-11—contd. m
Articles. Average, 1906-10. 1909. 1910. 1911. Average, 1906-10. 1909. 1910. 1911.
£ £ £ £
Opium .... Lbs. 1,702 2,293 61 1,296 1,729 97
Cotton goods—
Shirtings—
White ... ...Pieces 123,614 160,416 140,577 211,937 69,281 79,701 82,366 132,000
Grey-
American 1 r 153,331 137,005 141,180 1 r 59,504 61,830 63,835
British | 151,2251 112,370 85,850 120,180 f 61,100-! 42,279 39,142 57,039
Japanese 9,700 14,501 2,700 4,067 6,084 1,171
Sheetings-
American 415,349 601,541 325,590 308,575 213,014 286,135 179,268 177,824
British ... 11,597 26,115 11,315 8,309 5,618 11,538 6,115 4,785
Japanese 136,582 185,585 244,544 369,600 62,369 79,985 121,160 176,155
Drills—
American 144,876 302,250 170,718 138,125 97,858 163,301 102,156 87,465
British ... 3,786 11,987 1,862 625 1,814 5,155 970 388
Japanese 62,663 102,375 149,509...”
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| 17 |
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“...Table showing the 'Quantity and Value of the Principal Foreign Imports into .Newchwang during the Years 1909-11—contd.
m
Articles. Average, 1906-10. 1909. 1910. 1911. Average, 1906-10. ! i9U9- 1 1910. 1911.
Cotton goods—continued. Turkey-reds, &c. ...Pieces Handkerchiefs Dozens T-cloths ... ...Pieces Cotton yarn— Indian ... ... Cwts. Japanese ..... Total cotton goods Cotton and woollen mixtures Woollen goods ......... Miscellaneous piece-goods ... Metals ............ Sundries— Oil, kerosene— American Gallons Sumatra „ Russian ,, Borneo ... „ Sugar ... Cwts. Dyes— Indigo, artificial ... „ Aniline ... Paper .........Cwts. „ old newspapers ..... Matches.........Gross 15,718 54,494 2,147 83,743 28,298 18,870 43,452 2,054 107,847 36,822 31,760 62,242 1,515 76,740 57,855 15,403 86,499 8,913 61,990 43,796 £ '5,611 2,861 389 252,617 74,063 £ 5,760 2,960 479 299,000 99,319 £ ! £ 10,392 j 5,430 2,706 ! 3,647 383 2,343 239,625 197,074 155,270 ! 134,459
... ... 1,190,267...”
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| 18 |
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“... 321 65,769 82,544 174 28,932
Bags of all sorts .. ...Pieces 1,305,606 2,499,072 1,548,188 1,824,143 18,931 37,240 22,548 26,792
Cigarettes... 17,280 8,804 24,654 20,926
Candles 19,731 24,110 14,224 18,946
Soap 15,171 16,176 19,798 13,664
Railway plant and materials ... 7,858 461 11,236 11,523
Rice ...Cwts. 11,460 7,054 11,383 11,502 4,918 3,317 4,454 5,750
Coal ..... ...Tons 18,824 10,333 3,886 5,238 14,547 6,643 2,616 3,649
Total value foreign sundries 1,030,055
'Annex 2.—Table showing the Quantity and Value of the Principal Imports of Native Produce into Newchwang during the g
Years 1909-11. o
w
Articles. Average, 1906-10. 1909. 1910. 1911. Average, 1906-10. 1909. 1910. 1911.
Cotton— £ £ £ £
Cloth, nankeens ... ...Cwts. 188,589 260,481 174,631 219,711 834,625 869,611 ... 744,658 1,064,618
Sheetings ... ...Pieces ... 135,726 74,921
Drills ...... ••• »> ... ... 24,410 15,118
Yarn ...Cwts. ... ... 10,683 ... 30,361
Raw ...... • • • J) 25...”
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| 19 |
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“...Table showing the Quantity and Value of the Principal Imports of Native Produce into Newchwang during the Years
1909-11—continued.
Articles. 1 Average, 1906-10. 1909. 1910. 1911. Average, 1906-10. 1909. 1910. 1911.
£ £ £ £
Chinaware and pottery .....; „, 76,317 69,440 73,206 91,299
Sugar............Cwts. 57,091 55,626 57,517 90,274 36,716* 31,498 40,419 69,370
Cigarettes and tobacco ... „ 17,457 19,557 19,214 58,394 82,586 68,728
Hides, cow......... ,, 14,820* 18,548 17,602 16,461 44,438* 56,471 58,837 57,076
Prawns, dried ... ,, 47,535 40,502
Flour ........... 122,020 154,941 80,852 68,457 54,342 71,570 39,776 37,299
Medicine .... .... ...... 32,398
Railway plant and materials ... ... 22,117
Bambooware ......... 19,222
Books ... ... 18,139
Fungus 13,851
Coal ... ... Tons ' 16,447 16,109 9,434 19,960 11,925
Timber ...... ,,, ... 11,613
Joss paper 11,089
Preserves 11,065
Wheat 11,062
Rice ... 10,491
Candles...”
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| 20 |
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“...• Annex 3.—Table showing the Quantity and Value of the Principal Exports from Newchwang during the Years 1909-11. to 00
Articles. Average, 1906-10. 1909. 1910. 1911. Average, 1906-10. 1909. 1910. 1911.
Bean cake ... ... Cwts. 5,363,037 6,365,654 5,841,045 6,946,413 £ 1,408,200 £ 1,505,486 £ 1,544,646 £ 1,878,376
Beans, all kinds 2,816,082 4,242,953 3,117,310 2,753,345 1,116,595 1,265,881 1,104,570 978,035
Bean oil Millet...... Silk- » 402,791 653,771 381,361 500,699 380,083 489,177 431,199 560,314
" 966,698 1,321,887 715,160 1,036,711 193,302 231,973 171,874 198,703
Raw, wild... Refuse Coal...... Ginseng Seeds— ... ,, 6,694 6,928 5,006 5,601 176,178 167,473 137,288 152,522
... Jf 7,425 7,949 7,845 7,939 35,902 43,132 52,145 54,250 !z;
... Tons 37,075* 66,934 114,930 137,626 24,798 48,893 28,402 82,513 28,875 103,764 51,672 is 0 w
Melon ...... ... Cwts. 24,050 35,633 50,132 48,764 25,535 40,563 42,943 *
Sesamum ... ... jy 46,217 65,687 93,255 70,183 38,857...”
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