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1

“...on the spot will not be treated with undue severity. It should be added that the trade statistics for 1903 are incomplete. As was pointed out in the report for 1899, Tientsin's geographical General position has for years past made it the second port in China. The importance ^ value of its total trade is only surpassed by that of the port of ^ade wntre. Shanghai, and the net total of its foreign imports exceeds that of Shanghai. Until it received the disastrous set back of 1900, its commercial prosperity had been growing steadily since 1888 ; and, after two years of depression, it in 1902 fully recovered itself the sterling value of the trade in that year being only 8,000Z. behind that of 1899, whereas the silver value was far greater. (426) A 2...”
2

“...8 TIENTSIN". Amount. j Tacla. Land tax (quarter of 1 per cent, per mow).. 6,300 Rental assessment (5 per cent.) .. .. ; 7 700 Total .. ..] 14,000 A re-valuation of the property having been made, it was found that the value of land had risen from an average of 6,000 taels per mow to an average of 8,000 taels per mow, and the receipts in consequence amounted to : Amount. Land tax Rental assessment Taels. 8,853 8,402 Total 17,255 or an excess of 3,250 taels over the estimate. A reduction accordingly of 15 per cent, was allowed for the year. Similarly the revenue of the extensions, wherein land tax is at the rate of half of 1 per cent, per mow on 1,000 taels per mow, and rental assessment lb per cent., the revenue exceeded the estimate by 6,500 taels, and a reduction of 25 per cent, was allowed. The other items in the receipts column afford additional proof of the extraordinary way in which trade and traffic has increased. In 1899 jinricsha licenses produced 4,000 dol. and trolleys 1,850 dol...”
3

“...goods valued at 1,84-9,300/., 540,500/., 170,750/. and 170,720/. respectively. Her sources of supply are Mongolia, Hei-lung-chiang, part of Feng-t'ien, Kansu, Shanhsi, Chihli, Northern Honan and Shantung, whence in 1902 she drew produce valued at 1,100,000/., and the gold-fields, scattered throughout Mongolia and Manchuria, which used to . furnish about one-half of China's annual export of gold. It may be assumed that the Trans-Siberian railway will attract all gold, and furs and skins of large value in small bulk; that part of the supply of Honan goat-skins will be carried down to Hankow direct; that the German railways in Shantung will make every effort to divert exports to Tsingtao ; and that a Russian railway from Kalgan via Urga to Verkneudinsk will in some measure interfere with wool supplies. The Russo-Chinese Bank has already an agency at Kalgan, proposes to establish itself at Kuei-hua Ch'eng and thence move on to Lan-chou. The financial facilities it can thus afford will throw a...”
4

“...intercourse with foreigners is facilitated by the fact that the latter almost all possess a know- ledge of the language sufficient to carry on a business conversation, an example which merchants at other ports might well follow. Table A.Beturn showing Value of Total Trade of Tientsin during the Years 1899-1902. Value. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. Net total foreign imports native Native produce of local origin exported to foreign countries.. Native produce of local origin exported to Chinese ports £ 5,912,426 3,405,378 133,035 2,230,263 £ 2,285,963 1,415,332 60,192 1,192,863 £ 4,027,392 1,779,419 95,500 1,406,949 £ 6,947,694 2,920,677 219,547 1,544,283 Table B.Comparative Table of Imports from Foreign Countries during the Years 1899-1902. Country. Value. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. £ £ £ £ United Kingdom 547,006 119,356 127,664 j 565,644 United States of America 162,111 29,509 78,198 ! 238,946 Continent of Europe j (Russia excepted) .. 109,966 76,137 260,802 367,473 Japan 726,226 169,957 85...”
5

“...Metals Iron, old ... Steel Quicksilver Sundries Dyes, aniline Glass, window ... Matches....... Japanese Mining gear and ap] Needles............ Oil, kerosene American ......... Russian ......... Paper, first quality ...... Railway materials ...... Seaweed, Japan........ Silk and cotton ribbons Sugar- Brown ............ White............ Refined............ Candy ............ Cwts. 1900. 1,424 147 7 21 1,109,600 637,589 221,504 129,872 680,459 37,042 1,878,395 297,269 Dozen Value Gross Value Mille Cwts. Value Cwts. Value Cwts. 132,059 155,973 67,042 1,745,733 13,733,067* 20,414,933 4,380,400 14,520 5,005 1,064- 6,000 70,736 73,332 127,696 1,981,239 19.300 991,841 1,867,500 5,018,000 19,479 545,897 101,380 32,728 243,244 47,262 101,514 24,532 400 70 1 389,085 293,032 93,896 33,270 139,210 30,147 724,005 237,392 30,031 78,160 81,293 35,344 724,400 3,027,867 2 795,467 620,533 6,752 1,364 380 16,933 38,391 9,440 18,391 941,177 18,694 442,020 1,142,640 1,951,000 5,625 64,209 17,613 14,220 464 62...”
6

“...Articles. Opium Malwa.. : Cwtfl... Quantity. 226 Patna 87 Shirtings Grey .. j Pieces 615,693 White.. 3) 369,793 Drills - British........ >> 11,324 American >1 401,908 Dutch........ 54,860 Japanese J> 52,479 Sheetings British.. ) > 23,655 American 766,278 Japanese ; Dozen 45,404 Handkerchiefs 18,996 Cotton yarn British.. Lbs..... 299,333 Indian.. M * 16,598,666 Japanese ,, . 9,387,866 Cotton thread, British .. 1,784,933 Camlets, British.. Pieces 1,586 Lastings, woollen Value.. £ 6,370 Dyes, aniline 37,162 Matches Gross 2,288,093 Needles .. .. Mille.. 1 669,663 Oil, kerosene American Gallons 1.693,120 Russian >> j 4,938,550 Lankat ! 894,343 Imports. From the time that Tientsin was thrown open to trade in 1861 until now her foreign imports have exceeded in volume those of the other treaty ports, and that this is only what one need expect, a glance at the map of the large tract of country for which she con- stitutes the sea gate will show. Central China can draw...”
7

“...The bulk of this difference has to be carried by Shanghai and has very seriously hampered business there. Prospects for 1904, however, are good. Stocks in the north are light, cotton has risen in value and is scarce, trade is reviving, as has been pointed out, on a sound basis, and there ought to be no difficulty in effecting a complete clearance in the spring. Attention is called to the large increase the figures of 1902 show over those of 1899 in respect of American drills and sheetings, grey shirtings, and above all cotton yarn, on which latter article very handsome profits were made. In looking back over the reports of earlier years, it is interesting Woollen to find the prominence given to the importation of woollen goods goods, into North China from Russia, via Kiakhta. The average value thereof in the eaily sixties was put down at 2-30,000Z., whereas to-day, as far as customs statistics go, they have entirely disappeared,...”
8

“...22 TIENTSIN". and their place has been taken by sea-borne goods, having an aggre- gate value of some 48,250/. only. Sundries. As regards sundry imports, notable increases (figures for 1902) have to be recorded in Japanese matches, needles, kerosene oil and sugar. Imports .at The new feeder of the Tientsin market, Ch'in-wang Tao, must in Taoln Wang ^e consideration of imports not be left out of account, and Table C (3) shows how this trade is progressing. Table C (3).Return showing Principal Articles of Import via Ch'in-wang Tao during the Year 1902, and from January 1 to September 30, 1903. Quantity. Articles. 1902. 1903 * Shirtings Grey .. .. j Pieces 58,785 81,686 White : 35,379 66,870 Drills- British * 6,600 American ! 19,095 64,160 Dutch ... .. I 3,000 5,450 Sheetings British 620 ; 2,600 Japanese 1,100 American 132,715 ! 109,705 Handkerchiefs Dozen b,500 3,047 Cotton yarn British ...... Lbs..... 104,400 I 26,000 Indian .. .. .. 1 1,370,000 7,983,000 Japanese...”
9

“...Carles has given the history of the export trade of the port, which was entirely built up by the enterprise of British merchants, and of which they have succeeded in retaining some 65 per cent. Whereas the control of British imports is principally left to Chinese, German and American firms, the manipulation of exports, which go almost exclusively to America, is mainly confined to the three British firms who made the first start. Some 40 years ago, when the value of raw cotton exported from skins aild Tientsin amounted to two-thirds of the value of the total exports, wool, skins and wool were only remotely thought of. Certainly no one then contemplated that cotton would disappear from the export list, and hopes of future expansion were centred on coal. The fleeces of sheep and the wool of camels, bred far beyond the confines of the 18 provinces, and the skins of goats from Honan and Shanhsi, which are converted into the smart American boot, have gone a long way towards building up the wealth of...”
10

“...is to be attributed the gradual drawing freights, off to the United States of articles such as bristles, cow-hides, un- tanned skins and jute, which might otherwise go to the United Kingdom. The normal rate of freight from Shanghai to New York is il. 5s. per ton of 40 cubic feet net, and rates have been quoted as low as 175. 6d., while to London the rate is 21. 5s. per ton (less 10 per cent, rebate, refunded about one year after payment of full freight). In making purchases of produce of low value and great bulk, such as above cited, the American merchant thus possesses a very great advantage over his British competitor, and may quite conceivably obtain an undue control over the London market, as, if his cargo fails to find a market in New York, he can readily re-export to London at 7s. 6d. per ton extra. The merchant, who ships direct to London at 21. 5s. less 10 per cent.21.05. 6d.per ton net, therefore pays 85. per ton more than the American merchant who ships to New York and then to...”