Report of the Directors to the ... General Meeting of the Missionary Society, usually called the London Missionary Socie..

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REPORT OF vat DIRECTORS

FIFTY-FIFTH a MEETING

THE MISSIONARY SOCIETY,
cyte sine ue



NOTICES RESPECTING BEQUESTS TO THE SOCIETY.

An Act of Parliament “for the Amendment of the Laws with respect to
Wills’? having been passed on the 3rd day of July, 1837; which Act came
into operation on the Ist day of January, 1838; the attention of all persons
who may contemplate making Bequests to THE Lonpon MissionaRy SOCIETY
is respectfully called tothe following Section :—

1 Vicror1.x, Cap. 26, Sect. 9.

‘¢ And be it further enacted, That no Will shall be valid, unless it shall be in writing,
and executed in manner hereinafter mentioned ; (that is to say), it shall be signed at the
foot or end thereof by the Testator, or by some other person in his presence and by his
direction ; and such signature shall be made or acknowledged by the Testator in the pre-
sence of two or more Witnesses present at the same time; and such Witnesses shall
attest and shall subscribe the Will in the presence of the Testator; but no Form of
Attestation shall be necessary.’’

N.B.—Wills executed prior to the Ist day of January, 1838, are not affected by the
New Act; but any alteration therein, or Codicil thereto, must be executed in the man-
ner before mentioned.

Tur Lonpon Misstonary Society having been deprived of several valuable
Legacies owing to the operation of the “ Mortmain Act,” the Directors em-
brace this opportunity of introducing the following extract from a work lately
published, entitled ‘‘ Plain Directions for making Wills,” &c., by J. C. Hud-
son, Esq., of the Legacy Duty Office, as worthy of particular attention :—

‘‘The Statute of 9 Geo. 2, c. 36, called the ‘Mortmain Act,’ is not repealed or altered
by the 1 Vicror1, c. 26; and therefore legacies to Charities out of real estate will
still be void. Ifa Testator desires to leave legacies to Charities, he must take care to
make them payable, either expressly or by ordinary course of law, out of such personal
estate as may be applied for that purpose. A bequest to a Charity for a term of years,
or leasehold property; or of money to arise from, or be produced by, the sale of land;
or by the rents, profits, or other interest arising from land; or a bequest of money to be
Jaid out in land; or a bequest of money secured by mortgage; or a bequest of annuities
charged on land or other rent-charges; or a bequest of money with a direction,to apply
it in paying off mortgages on schools or chapels; or a bequest of money secured on
parochial rates, or county-rates, or turnpike tolls—is, in each case, void ; and even where
no particular fund is pointed out in the Will for the payment of charitable legacies, and
they are consequently a charge on the residue, and the residue consists in part of pro-
perty of all or either of the kinds above specified, so much of the legacies will become
void as shall bear the same proportion to the entire legacies as the exempted property
bears to the entire residue.’’

FORM OF A BEQUEST TO TIIE SOCIETY.

“T give and bequeath to ‘Tur Missionary Socrety,’ usually called ‘ Tur
Lonpon Missionary Socrrry,’ instituted in London in the year 1795, the Sum
of Pounds Sterling, to be raised and paid, for the purposes of the
satd Institution, out of such part only of my personal estate as shall not consist
of chattels real, or money secured on mortgage of Lands or Tenements, or in any
other manner affecting Lands or Tenements ; for which Legacy the receipt of the
Treasurer for the time being of the said Institution shall be a sufficient discharge
to my Executors,”



THE REPORT
OF THE
- Directors
° TO THE
FIFTY-FIFTH GENERAL MEETING
OF THE
MISSIONARY SOCIETY,
USUALLY CALLED
The London FHisstonary Society,
ON THURSDAY, MAY 10ru, 1849,
WITH
LISTS OF CONTRIBUTORS,
&c. §c. &e.
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE GENERAL MEETING.
LONDON:

PRINTED BY W. M*SDOWALL, LITTLE QUEEN-STREET, LINCOLN’S- INN-FIELDS.
SOLD AT TITE MISSION-ILOUSE, BLOMFIELD-STREET3 BY W. OLIPHANT AND
SON, SOUTH BRIDGE, AND WILLIAM INNES, HANOVER-STREET,
EDINBURGU; BY MR. RISK, 9, COCHRAN-STREET,

GLASGOW; AND AT 32, LOWER
ABBEY-STREET, DUBLIN,

MDCCCXLIX.






CONTENTS.
—@-——
Page
Form of LEGACIES . . . . . . . - ii
REGULATIONS of the SecIETY . : . . . . oe. Vili
RESOLUTIONS at the ANNUAL MEETING, . : ‘ : . x
List of Directors and OFFICERS . . . . - « iil
Baier REVIEW . . ‘ . . . . . l
FINANCIAL STATEMENT ‘ . . : . e »« 29
APPENDIX. . ‘ . ‘ . . . . 30
SOUTH SEAS. . . ‘ . : . ~ « 3st
GEORGIAN (OR WINDWARD) ISLANDS : . . . 4d.
Tahiti ; . . . . . ~ « 46,
Eimeo . ‘ . . . . . ~ 33
Society (oR LEEWARD) IsLaAnps . . - « 4b,
Huahine . . . . : : . 8.
Raiatea . ‘ ; . . . . . 34
Tahaa . . . . . : : . 4b,
Borabora _ . . . . . . ~ « 935
Hervey Isitanps . . ‘ ; . . . . 40d.
Rarotonga. . . . ‘ ‘ ~ - 40.
Avarua . . . . . . . 36
Aitutaki . . . . . . . . #0.
Mangaia . oe . . . ~ 37
SAMOAN (oR NavicaTors’) IsLanps . . . . «38
Savaii . . . : . ; . +0.
Upolu . . . . : . ~ . Al
Manono . . ‘ . . . . 44
Tutuila . . . . . . . . 3.
Tue MISSIONARY SHIP . . . . : . ~ 45
CHINA .. . . . . . . . - « 46
Hong-Kong... . ‘ . . ‘ ~ 46.
Canton . . . . . . ~ « 47
Shanghae . . , . . . ~ 86,
Amoy , . . . . . . . 49
Singapore . . . . - 90
NORTHERN INDIA... ; . , . ab.
Calcutta . . . . . : . tb,
| Chinsurah . . ‘ . ° . . « 4
Berhampore. . . . . ‘ . 55
Benares . : . . . . . . 56
Mirzapore ‘ . . : , . . 98
Mahi- Kantha . . . ; . 2 oe ib.



vi CONTENTS,
Page
PENINSULAR INDIA . . . . . » « 60
Madras . . . . . . - wb.
Vizagapatam . J , . » + 68
Chicacole . . . , - + 65
| Cuddapah . . . . . - 66
Belgaum . . . ; . . - + 67
Bellary : ° . . . . - 69
Bangalore . ‘ ° . ° : » - 43
Mysore . . ‘ . : : - 49
Salem . . . . . ‘ - . 48
Combaconum . . . . . . 8
Coimbatoor : . . . . » « 82
South Travancore—Nagercoil . : . . , - 84
Neyoor. . . . . - « 86
Quilon : . e ‘ . . . 88
Trevandrum . . . . . - « 90
SOUTH AFRICA . . . . ° . . . 91
Cape Town . . . . ° o « 4d.
Paarl . . ‘ . . . . - 10.
Tulbagh . . ." . . , - . 92
Caledon Institution . . ° . . . eb.
Pacaltsdorp . . . . . ~ « 98
Dysalsdorp . . . . . . 1d.
Hankey. ‘ . . . - - O94
Bethelsdorp . . ‘ . . - 9%
Port Elizabeth . . ; . . ~ «ob.
Uitenhage . . . . . . . 96
Graham’s Town . . . . . - . 97
Graaff Reinet . . . . . . . wb.
Theopolis . ; . . . . - . 98
Colesberg . . . . . . . 1b.
Somerset . . . . . . ~ « tb,
Kat River . . . . ; . . tb.
Cradock . . ‘ . . ». . 99
Long Kloof. . . oo . . 100
Caffreland . . . . . ° . . 101
Griqua Town. . . . . . . 102
Lekatlong . . . . . . » « 103
Philippolis . . . . . . «. 104
Kuruman. . . . . . » « 86.
Mamusa . ee - . . 105
Kolobeng . . . . . . » . 106
Baharutseland . . . . . . . 107
Komaggas . . . . . . + 108
AFRICAN ISLANDS . . . . , , . 109
Madagascar . . . . . ~ 2 tb
Mauritius . . . , , ~ le ED.
WEST INDIES . . . . , , , - «. 110
DemeRnara—George Town . . ; , - th,
Ebenezer Chapel , . . » . 6.
Freedom Chapel . , . . - All
Canal, No.1. . . . ~ . &b.
Montrose . . . . . 112
Lusignan . . , » 2 1D.
Leguan . ; . . . . 113
Beasiczk — New Amsterdam . ; : oo tb
Lonsdale . . . . . . 1b,
Ithaca and Hanover Chapels . , - . 114
Rodborough . ’ . tb,
Fearn . . . . . ~ . TS



CONTENTS. | Vil

West Inp1ies—continued. | Page

Orange Chapel, Blyendaal ° : ; 116

Brunswick . 2 . ‘ ° . ib.

Albion Chapel . . ° . td.

JamMarcA—First Hill . . ° ; . 117

Dry Harbour : ‘ : ‘ ib.

Ridgemount ° . . ‘ ‘ 1b.

Davyton ° . ‘ ‘ ° 118

Whitefield . . . ° ° ab.

Four Paths . ; ‘ . : 119

Chapelton ‘ ‘ : ° . ib.

Mount Zion . ‘ . ‘ 120

Kingston . . ; : . 121

Shortwood . : . : . ib.

Morant Bay . . . ‘ ° 122

Prospect Penn . . ° ° ab.

List oF STATIONS, MISSIONARIES, &c. . . . : ‘ 123

Lire Memsers by Donations . . ‘ . . : i

——_— —-—_——— Payment of Legacies : ‘ . . Vil
ConTriBuTiIons for the Year 1848—49:—

Annual Subscriptions in London and its Vicinity. : ; ix

Donations in Ditto. . . . . : . x

Auxiliary Societies, Congregational Collections, &c. : . xil

Abstract of the London Auxiliary Societies. . . 2 Xxvi

Legacies, Small Associations, Missionary Boxes, &c. : ; xxvii

Summary of Contributions in the London District , , , ib.

ENGLAND . . . ‘ . ‘ XXVHI

WALES . . . . . . eo Ixxxvi

SCOTLAND ° . . . . . XClil

IRELAND. : . . . . . ci

_ Contributions of Foreign Societies. . ‘ Ci¥

CoNTRIBUTIONS received at the Missionary Stations . . . ev

Abstract of the County Auxiliary Societies . . . - Ali

GENERAL SUMMARY OF CONTRIBUTIONS for the Year 1848—49 ‘ ib.

DissuRSEMENTS for Ditto . . ‘ le . CXiV

GENERAL STATEMENT of Receipts and Disbursements, &c. . ° CXix
Contrisutions for Special Objects, viz.—

For African Objects ‘ . . . . . cxx

Building Chapels . . . . . 1b.

the Chinese Mission . . . . ‘ 7b.

the College at Calcutta . : . . . CXXxi

Education in India . . . . . © CXXii

the Support of Native Teackers . . . : CXXiii

the South Sea Missions . . ; . - CXXiv

the South Sea Ship . . . . ‘ 2b.

the West India Missions . : . . . ib.

the Widows and Orphans of Missionaries : ‘ iG.

the Widow and Family of the late Rev. J. Williams. © OXNY

Lecacigs, 1848—49 .- . : : . . ° CXXVI

COLLECTIONS AT THE ANNIVERSARY, May, 1849 , , ° td.



Regulations
| OF
THE MISSIONARY SOCIETY.
ESTABLISHED IN 1795.
PLAN,

1.—Tue Name*.—THE MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

IIl.—Tue Ossect.—The sole object is to spread the knowledge
of Christ among heathen and other unenlightened nations.

III.—Tuere Memsers.— Persons subscribing one guinea, or more,
annually—every benefactor making a donation of ten pounds—one of
the Executors, on the payment of a legacy amounting to fifty pounds,
or upwards; and Ministers, or other Representatives of congregations
in the country, who subscribe or collect, for the use of the Society, five
pounds annually.

IV.—GeENERAL MerEti1nGs.—To be held annually in London, on
the second Wednesday in May, and oftener, if necessary, to choose a
Treasurer, Directors, Secretary, and Collectors, and to receive reports,
audit accounts, and deliberate on what further steps may best promote
the objects of the Society. At every such Meeting, one Sermon or
more shall be preached by one or more of the associated Ministers,
and notice given as usual on such occasions. The President for the
day shall open and conclude the meeting with prayer, and sign the
minutes of the proceedings. All matters proposed shall be determined
by the majority of the members present.

— V.—Tue Drirection.—To consist of as many Directors, annually
chosen out of its members, as circumstances may require. At the first
meeting, twenty-five shall be elected, with power to associate with
themselves such additional number as may be judged by them ex-
pedient, when the extent of the Society is ascertained. Three-fifths,
and no more, of the Directors shall reside in or near London; where
all monthly meetings shall be held for transacting the business of the
Society. Not less than seven shall constitute a Board. For greater
facility and expedition, they may subdivide into Committees for
managing the Funds, conducting the Correspondence, making Reports,
examining Missionaries, directing the Missions, &c.; but no act of
these Committees shall be valid till ratified at a monthly meeting. No
expenditure exceeding £100 shall be made without consulting all the
Directors; or £500 without calling a general meeting of the Sub-
14th Mzy, 1818.—Resolved, That the title of the Society be in future, The
MisSIONARY SOCIETY, usually called Tur Lonpon Missionary Society.



PLAN OF THE SOCIETY. ix
scribers. Annual Subscribers of £10 or upwards, and Benefactors of
£100 or more, may attend, if they please, with the Directors, at any
of the monthly meetings. On any emergency, the Directors shall call
a general meeting of the Society, to whom their arrangements will be
submitted ; nor shall they enter upon a new Mission till they obtain the
general concurrence.

VI.—Tue Funps—arising from donations, legacies, subscriptions,
collections, &c., shall be lodged, as soon as collected, in the hands of
the Treasurer. The Directors shall place in the public funds all monies
so paid, whenever they exceed £300, until they are required for the
use of the Mission, except it appears to them prejudicial to the interests
of the Society.

VII.—Sararies.—The Secretaries shall receive such a Salary as
the Directors may appoint; but the Directors themselves shall transact
the business of the Society without any emolument.

At the Annual Meeting held the \2th of May, 1824.

Resolved, that a copy of the Fundamental Principle adopted at
the First Annual Meeting in May, 1796, be printed at the end of the
Plan. |

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE.

As the union of Christians of various denominations, in carrying on
this great work, is a most desirable object; so, to prevent, if possible,
any cause of future dissension, it is declared to be a fundamental prin-
ciple of the Missionary Society, that its design is not to send Presby-
terianism, Independency, Episcopacy, or any other form of Church
Order and Government (about which there may be difference of opinion
among serious persons), but the glorious Gospel of the blessed God
to the heathen; and that it shall be left (as it ought to be left) to the
minds of the persons whom God may call into the fellowship of his
Son from among them, to assume for themselves such form of Church
Government as to them shall appear most agreeable to the Word of
God.

At the Annual Meeting, held the 14th of May, 1812.

Resolved, that those Ministers in the country who are Annual
Subscribers, or whose congregations send an annual collection to the
Society; and all Presidents, or principal officers, of Country Auxillary
Societies, who may be in London occasionally; shall be Directors pro
tempore, and be entitled to meet and vote with the Directors.

At the Annual Meeting, held the 15th of May, 1828.'

Resolved, That the Treasurer and Secretaries be, ex officio, entitled
to meet and vote with the Directors of the Society.



RESOLUTIONS
AT THE FIFTY-FIFTH GENERAL MEETING
OF
THE MISSIONARY SOCIETY,
USUALLY CALLED
The LonVon Missionary Hociety,
, HELD IN
EXETER-HALL, STRAND, ON THURSDAY, MAY 10ru, 1849,
His Grace the Duke of ARGYLL in the Chair.
—@—-

An Abstract of the Report of the Society’s Proceedings for the past
year having been read by the Rev. ArTHUR TipMAv, the follow-
ing Resolutions were severally moved, seconded, and unanimously
adopted by the Meeting :—

On the Motion of the Rev. JAmes Hitt, seconded by the Rev. Dr.

CUMMING, | .

RESOLVED,

I, ‘‘ That the Report, of which an Abstract has been presented, be approved and
adopted, and that it be forthwith printed and circulated by the Directors. That this
meeting gratefully acknowledges the power and love of God which throughout another
year have sustained the interests and blessed the labours of the London Missionary
Society; and, while the meeting ascribes to God alone the glory of past success, it
confides in Him for future help, and specially implores the promised grace.of the
Holy Spirit, to render the various ministrations of its faithful Missionaries still more
extensively effective in the salvation of the heathen.’’

On the Motion of the Rev. T. R. Brooke, Rector of Avening, se-
conded by the Rev. Dr. Rosson, of Glasgow, and supported Ly
Krro, a Native Teacher, from Rarotonga, and the Rev. J. A.
JAMES, of Birmingham,

RESOLVED,

II. “‘ That this mecting, deeply impressed by the degraded and awful condition of
the yet unenlightened tribes of Polynesia, and by the wonderful facilities presented
by Divine Providence for the introduction of Christianity to the idolatrous millions
of the East; animated also by the conviction, that the Gospel of Christ, attended by
His gracious sanction, is the appointed and the only effective means for the el.vation



RESOLUTIONS. Xl
and redemption of man under every sort of Paganism, this meeting renews the solemn
expression of its devotedness to the cause of Christian Missions, and pledges itself
to renewed zeal and increased liberality, to enable the Directors of this Society to
meet the numerous and pressing appeals for the increase of Missionaries and the
extension of its labours.”’

On the Motion of the Rev. E. Craic, of St. James’s Chapel, Penton-
ville, seconded by the Rev. G. Scott, late of Stockholm,
RESOLVED, |

III. ‘‘ That Sir Culling Eardley Eardley, Bart., be the Treasurer; that the Rev.
Arthur Tidman be the Foreign Secretary; and the Rev. Joseph John Freeman be
the Home Secretary, for the ensuing year; that the Directors who are eligible be
re-appointed ; and that the gentlemen whose names will be read be chosen to fill up
the places of those who retire; and that the Directors have power to fill up any
vacancies that may occur.”’

On the Motion of Witt1am ALERS HANKEy, Esq., seconded by the
Rev. Dr. HAuvey, of Manchester,
RESOLVED,

IV. ‘* That the grateful and most respectful acknowledgments of this meeting be
hereby presented to his Grace the Duke of Argy}l, for his kindness in presiding over
the present meeting, and for his valuable assistance in conducting the business of
the day.’’

RESOLUTIONS AT THE ADJOURNED MEETING,
HELD IN
FINSBURY CHAPEL, CITY, ON THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 10, 1849.
EDWARD BAINES, Esq., of Leeds, in the Chair.
—@—
On the Motion of the Rev. Joun Watson, of Hackney, seconded by
the Rev. W. Farrsproruer, of Derby, aud supported by the Rev.
T. Boaz, from Calcutta,
RESOLVED,

1. ‘* That this meeting regards the cheering intelligence received from the various
scenes of effort occupied by the devoted agents of the London Missionary Society,
both as an encouragement and a claim on its constituents for more vigorous and per-
severing exertion on its behalf.’’

On the Motion of the Rev. Samuet M‘ALL, of Nottingham, seconded
by the Rev. Dr. FErGuson,
R&soLven,
II. ‘ That this mecting is encouraged by the continued interest of the juvenile



xi RESOLUTIONS.

classes in the cause of Christian Missions, evinced both by the amount of their con-

tributions and the extended circulation of Missionary publications adapted to their

age; and the meeting looks with hope and confidence to the rising generation as the

stedfast and generous supporters of this Institution in its future progress.”’

On the Motion of the Rev. H. Marcumont, of Islington, seconded
by the Rev. Tuomas Davies, of Maidenhead,

RESOLVED,

III. ‘That this meeting is highly gratified with the continued liberality and zeal
of the Mission Churches, so entirely accordant with the principles of the Gospel and
the designs of the Redeemer; while it presents the assurance of its sympathy with
those Churches which are at present suffering under the influence of commercial de-
pression, which it trusts will prove but of short duration.’’ °
On the Motion of the Rev. EBENEZER Prout, seconded by the Rev.

GEORGE WILKINS,
RESOLVED,

IV. ‘“‘ That the cordial thanks of this meeting be presented to Edward Baines,
Esq., for his kindness in presiding on the present occasion, and for conducting the
business of the evening.’’

AT A MEETING OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS,
HELD AT THE
MISSION-HOUSE, BLOMFIELD-STREET,
On Monday, May 21st, 1849,
WILLIAM LEAVERS, Esq., 1n THE CHAIR,
IT was ReEso.ven, ..

‘‘ That the most grateful acknowledgments of the Directors be presented to the
Rev. J. A. James, of Birmingham, the Rev. Dr. Robson, of Glasgow, and the Rev.
Dr. Harris, of Cheshunt College, for the very valuable discourses delivered before the
Members and Friends of the Society at the late Anniversary.”’

RESOLVED ALSO,

‘‘ That the best thanks of the Directors be presented to the Ministers and Officers
of the several places of worship, the use of which was so kindly and promptly granted
for the various services at the late Anniversary, and for the Sermons preached and
Collections made on Sabbath, the 13th of May.”



| 1
LIST OF DIRECTORS.
1849.
LonVon.

Aveling, Rev. T. W. Wilkins, Rev. George
Bergne, Rey. S. B.
Burder, Rev. H. F. (D.D.) Allan, Mr. David
Dubourg, Rev. S. A. Burrup, Mr. John
Fletcher, Rev. Alexander (D.D.) Bennett, J. Risdon (M.D.)
Hall, Rev. John Carlile, Mr. William
Henderson, Rev. E. (D.D.) Charles, Mr. Robert
Hill, Rev. James Cook, Mr. John |
Hollis, Rev. B. S. Cooke, William (M.D.)
Jeula, Rev. H. B. Cunliffe, Mr. Roger
Kennedy, Rev. John East, Mr. Joseph
Lewis, Rev. Thomas Harvey, Mr. Wiliam
Lucy, Rev. William Leavers, Mr. William
Mannering, Rev. E. Mitchell, Mr. George
Miller, Rev. J. A. Reid, Mr. William |
Palmer, Rev. W. S. Smith, Mr. Ebenezer
Philip, Rev. Robert Smith, Mr. Eusebius
Redpath, Rev. R. Smith, Mr. James
Richardson, Rev. J. W. Swaine, Mr. Edward
Rose, Rev. George Trego, Mr. John
Smith, Rev. George Trueman, Mr. Joseph, jun.
Stoughton, Rev. John Waller, C. (M.D.)
Thomas, Rev. David Wilson, Mr. Joshua
Townley, Rev. H.

William Alers Hankey, Esq. Trustees

Thomas M. Coombs, Esq. of the

Thomas Challis, Esq. (Alderman) J Society.

J.T. Conquest, M.D., F.L.S. -

George Darling, M.D. } Pay srchans. .

T. Edgcombe Parson, Esq. . . Solicitor.
Adams, Rev. H. L., Netwwark | Burls, Rev. R., Maldon
Adkins, Rev. T., Southampton Carter, Rev. John, Braintree
Alexander, Rev. John, Norwich Chamberlain, Rev. R., Swanage
Ashby, Rev. J. E., Arundel Chambers, Rev. W., Newcastle
Barker, Rev. J. T., Louth Christie, Rev. W., Fritchley
Bateman, Rev. C. H., Hopton Clarkson, Rev. S., Sheffield
Bean, Rev. H., Heckmondwicke Cooke, Rev. John, Uttoxeter
Berry, Rev. C., Hatfield Heath Conder, Rev. E. R. (A.M.), Poole
Bevis, Rev. I. J., Ramsgate Creak, Rev. A., Lincoln
Bowman, Rev. R., Chelmsford Curwen, Rev. S., Reading
Bramall, Rev. J., Swanland Davids, Rev. T. W., Colchester
Brewer, Rev. S., Worthing Edwards, Rev. S., Brighton
Brewis, Rev. W., Penrith Evans, Rev. J., [Veedon |
Bright, Rev. J. S., Dorking Fleming, Rev. J., Lancaster
Bristow, Rev. J., Exeter Fletcher, Rev. R., Mancheste
Brown, Rev. A. M., Cheltenham Flower, Rev. J., Beccles.
Burder, Rev. John, Bristol Forsaith, Rev. R. E., Roysto
Buck, Rev. W. F., Ross Foxell, Rev. J., Penzance
Bull, Rev. T. P., Newport Pagnel Gibbs, Rev. R., Skipton
Buckpitt, Rev. J., Torrington Gray, Rev. J., Chemisford



XIV LIST OF DIRECTORS.
Glendenning, Rev. J., Huddersfield Stenner, Rev. T., Dartmouth
Gunn, Rev. H. M., Warminster Stowell, Rev. W. H., Rotherham
Harris, Rev. W., Wallingford Thomas, Rev. D., Bristol
Halley, Rev. Robert (D.D.), Manchester | Thomson, Rev. P., Chatham
Hamilton, Rev. R., Lynn Thomson, Rev. R. (M.A.), /fracombe
Haslett, Rev. J., Portsea -Tiler, Rev. W., Whitchurch, Salop
Hayden, Rev. J., High Wycombe Toller, Rev. H., Market Harborough
Heathcote, Rev. F. W., Hitchin Wallis, Rev. W., Sudbury
Hewitt, Rev. D., Rochdale Weaver, Rev. R., Mansjfield
Hill, Rev. John, Stafford Weaver, Rev. T., Shrewsbury
Holland, Rev. J. K., St. Ives Wheeler, Rev. W., Stroud
Horsey, Rev. J., Launceston Williams, Rev. J.de Kewer, Tolfenham
Hvatt, Rev. J., Gloucester
J ackson, Rev. W., Melksham Abley, Mr. E., Hereford
James, Rev. J. A., Birmingham Astbury, Mr. 8., Hanley
Johnson, Rev. A., Basingstoke Ball, Mr. E., Burwell
Jones, Rev. E., Plymouth Barker, Mr. John, Wolverhampton
Jones, Rev. J., Birmingham Baynard, Mr. W., Truro
Jukes, Rev. E., Blackburn Beilby, Mr. T., Birmingham
Kelly, Rev. John, Liverpool Benson, Mr. R., Kendal
Kent, Rev. B., Norwood Blair, Mr. W. T., Bath
Kidd, Rev. G. B., Scarhorouyh Bramwell, Mr. J. (M.D.), North Shields
Kidd, Rev. G. B., Macclesfield Brewin, Mr. A., jun., Ziverton
Knill, Rev. R., Chester Brown, Mr. P., Houghton, Huntingdon
Loader, Rev. T., Monmouth Buchanan, Mr. J., Whitby :
Lorraine, Rev. J. D., Wakefield Butcher, Mr. Jeremiah, Nurwich
Lyon, Rev. James, Hadleigh Butler, Mr. J., Childerditch
Madgin, Rev. H , Tiverton Butler, Mr. W., High Wycombe
Mays, Rev. T., Wigston Magnu Clear, Mr. S., Shepreth
Miall, Rev. J. G., Bradford, Yorkshire Colley, Mr. H., Chester
Moreland, Rev. J., Duxford Collins, Mr. B., Bishops Auckland
Newnes, Rev. J. M., Matlock, Bath Coote, Mr. T., Fenstanton
Nolan, Rev. Dr., Manchester Coupland, Mr. R., Lincoln
Notcutt, Rev. W., Ipswich Cripps, Mr. J., Leicester
Oberry, Rev. J. (A.M.), Halifax Crossley, Mr. J., Halifax
Owen, Rev. John, Bath Dunlop, Mr. J., Malton
Panks, Rev. G., Bridywater Dunn, Mr. A. K., Coventry
Parsons, Rev. J., Fork Eccles, Mr. J., Blackburn
Percy, Rev. S., Guildford Exall, Mr., Reading
Pollard, Rev. F., Saffron Waldon Fisher, Mr. Malachi, Blandford
Porter, Rev. R., Staines Fletcher, Mr. Samuel, Manchester
Potter, Rev. J. C., Whitby Fletcher, Mr. W. F., Heage
Pritchett, Rev. R. C., Darlington Godwin, Mr. Christopher, Bristol
Prust, Rev. E. T., Northampton Gosling, Mr. J., Duxford
Pugsley, Rev. N. R., Stockport Haden, Mr. G., Trowbridge «-
Pyer, Rev. John, Devonport Hamer, Mr. John, Preston
Quick, Rev. H., Taunton Hick, Mr. S., Leeds
Raffles, Rev.T.(D.D.,LL.D.), Liverpool | Jarrold, Mr. Thomas, Norwich
Redford, Rev. Dr., Worcester Job, Mr. Samuel, Liverpool
Reid, Rev. A., Newcastle Kershaw, Mr. Alderman, M.P., Man-
Roaf, Rev. William, Wigan chester
Robinson, Rev. R., Luton Knight, Mr. F., Nottingham
Rogers, Rev. J. G. (B.A), Neweastle- Lowthrop, Sir W., Hull
on- Tyne Marling, Mr. N. S., Stroud
Roper, Rev. H. J., Bristol Marsh, Mr. J., Wigan
Rowland, Rev. J., Henley May, Mr. J., Ipswich
Russcll, Rev. J. S., Varmouth Maynard, Mr. J., Henley
Scales, Rev. T., Leeds Manton, Mr. H., Birmingham
Shoebotham, Rev. D. K., Kidderminster Nicholls, Mr. C. B., Shrewsbury
Sibree, Rev. John, Coventry Osborn, Mr. G., Newport Pagnel
Sibree, Rev. J., Hull Palmer, Mr. J. H., Yarmouth
Slate, Rev. R., Preslon Pattison, Mr. F. U., Cogyeshall
sSmedmore, Rev. J., Leicester Perry, Mr. Isaac, Chelmsford
Steer, Rev. S., Castle Hedingham Pollard, Mr. S., Taunton



LIST OF DIRECTORS. XV
Portlock, Mr. S., Brighton Sully, Mr. T., Bridgwater
Randall, Mr. E. M., Southampton Taylor, Mr. W., Bishops Stortford
Ray, Mr. Shepherd, Ipswich Thick, Mr. C., Cheltenham
Rees, Mr., Gloucester Tice, Mr. W., Sopley
Ridley, Mr. W., Chelmsford Toller, Mr. W., Kettering
Sadler, Mr. T. T., Ramsgate Tucker, Mr. B., Enfield
Seymour, Mr. W., Odiham Walker, Mr. H., Rotherham
Shrewsbury, Mr. R., Chatham Whitehouse, Mr. J., Dudley
Skidmore, Mr. W., Wakefield Willans, Mr. W., Huddersfield
Smith, Mr. J. W., Sheffield Williams, Sir J. B. (LL.D.), Wem
Staley, Mr. H., Rochdale Wills, Mr. W. D., Bristol
Stitt, Mr. J., Liverpool Wilson, Mr. W., Whitehaven
Stuart, Mr. W., Plymouth Winter, Mr. T. B., Brighton
CHaleg.
Ambrose, Rev. W., Port Madoc Pearce, Rev. John, Wrerham
Davis, Rev. D., Cardigan Powell, Rev. L., Cardiff
Ellis, Rev. M., Mynyddyslwyn Price, Rev. D., Denbigh
Evans, Rev. John, Hebron Rees, Rev. David, Llanelly
Evans, Rev. Joseph, Capel Sion Roberts, Rev. S., Llanbrynmair
Griffith Rev. W., Holyhead
Griffiths, Rev. E., Swansea Beynon, Mr. T., Haverfordwest
Hughes, Rev. J., Dowlais Davies, Mr. D., Pontmorlais
Jones, Rev. D. W., Holywell Roberts, Mr. D., Mynyddygof
Jones, Rev. W., Swansea Tibbot, Mr. R., Llanfyllin
Morgan, Rev. D., Llanfyllin Thomas, Mr. D., Llandovery
Scotlany.
Alexander, Rev. W. L. (D.D.), Edin- Russell, Rev. D., Glasgow
burgh Swan, Rev. W., Edinburgh
Barr, Rev. Dr., Glasgow Taylor, Rev. James, Glasgow
Beith, Rev. A., Stirling Thompson, Rev. A., Glasgow
Brown, Rev. J. (D.D.), Edinburgh Wallace, Rev. D., Aberdeen
Candlish, Rev. R. (D.D.), Edinburgh Wight, Rev. H., Edinburgh
Cullen, Rev. G. D., Leith
French, Rev. J., Edinburgh Baxter, Mr. E., Dundee
Ingram, Rev. G. 8., Glasgow Black, Mr. Adam, Edinburgh
Kennedy, Rev. James, Inverness Fullarton, Mr. J. A., Edinburgh
King, Rev. D. (D.D.), Glasgow Garie, Mr. J., Perth
Lang, Rev. R., Dundee Kinniburgh, Mr. R., Edinburgh
Macfarlane, Rev. Dr., Glasgow Leslie, Mr. W., Adverdeen
Muir, Rev. F., Leith MacLehose, Mr. James, Glasgow
Paterson, Rev. J. (D.D.), Edinburgh Paton, Mr. W. P., Glasgow
Porter, Rev. 8S. T., Glasgow Risk, Mr. John, Glasgow
Russell, Rev. A., Stirling Yule, Mr. George, Edinburgh
Erelanv.
Edgar, Rev. Dr., Belfast | Ferrier, Mr. A., Dublin
Elliott, Rev. J., Clomdlin Guinness, Mr. A., Dudlin
Morgan, Rev. Dr., Belfast | Hardy, Mr. P. D., Dublin
Shepherd, Rev. N., Sligo Manly, Mr. J., Cork
Smith, Rev. J. D., Newry ) Mitchell, Mr. J., Limerick
Tarbotton, Rev. W., Limerick M'Clure, Mr., Londonderry
Urwick, Rev. Dr., Dublin | Pollock, Mr. M., Dublin
Robertson, Mr. J., Dud/in
HForeiqn Directors.
EUROPE.
The Presidents of the following So- Paris Missionary Society
etelies :— e. Rhenish Missionary Socicty
Religious Society at Basle Swedish Missionary Society
Missionary Society at Rolierdam Also:
Society for Promoting the Gospel in "
Denmark | Rev. Mark Wilks, Paris



XVi LIST OF DIRECTORS.
AMERICA.
The Hon. John Cotton Smith (LL.D.), | Rev. Leonard Woods (D.D.), Pro-
Sharon, Connecticut fessor in the Theological Seminary,
Rev. Gardiner Spring (D.D.), New Andover
York _. | Rev. W. Sprague (D.D.), Albany
INDIA.
Archibald Grant, Esq., Calcutta. | J. M. Vos, Esq., Calcutta.
JAMAICA.
W. W. Anderson, Esq., Spanish Town | William Davey, Esq., Mandeville
SOUTH AFRICA.
Rey. John Philip (D.D.), Cape Town | H. E. Rutherfoord, Esq., Cape Town.
MAURITIUS.
Rev. John Le Brun, Port Louis | T. S. Kelsey, Esq., Port Louis
SYDNEY.
Rev. Robert Ross (M.D.), Agent of the Society.
Trustees of the Society.
WILLIAM ALERS HANKEY, Esq. | THOMAS CHALLIS, Esgq., Alderman.
THOMAS MERRIMAN COOMBS, Esq.
OFFICERS. :
Sir CULLING EARDLEY EARDLEY, Bart., Treasurer.
Rev. ARTHUR TIDMAN, Foreign Secretary.
Rev. JOSEPH JOHN FREEMAN, Home Secretary.
Mr. JOHN SARD, Collector, 58, Westmoreland-place, City-road.
wonations and Subscriptions
FOR
THE LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY
ARE RECEIVED BY THE
TREASURER AND THE SECRETARIES, °
AT THE
MISSION-HOUSE, BLOMFIELD-STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON;
By the following Bankers:
Messrs. Hankey, Fenchurch Street, | Mr. W. F. Watson, 52, Princes Street,
London ; Edinburgh ;
Messrs. Coutts & Co., Strand, London; | Joun Risx, Esq., 108 Fife Place, Glas-
Tuomas WALKER, Esq., & Co., Oxford; gow;
Joan Morttock, Esq., & Sons, Cam- | BANK or ScoTLAnp, St. Andrew’s:
bridge ; Tue Banxine Company, Aberdeen :
Sir W.Forzgs, Bart., & Co., Edinburgh; | G. Latoucue, Esq., & Co., Dublin;
The Royat Bank oF ScorLanp, Glas- | Rev. Joun Hanps, 32, Lower Abbey
gow ; Street, Dublin ;
- And by all the Dinectors of the Sociery,
** It is requested that all Letters on the business of the Society be addressed to
the respective Officers, at the MISSION-HOUSE, BLOMFIELD-STREET,
FINSBURY, LONDON.



FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT
OF THE
LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY,
1849.
IN surveying the widcly-extended field of evangelical effort
occupied by the devoted agents of the Lonpon Misstonary
Society, the progress and results of their faithful labours will
be found marked by considerable diversity. While the Tribes
and Nations, whom they labour to instruct, are universally the
subjects of ignorance, vice, and misery,—worshippers in common
of dumb idols, and alike aliens and enemies to the only true God,
—they are, nevertheless, distinguished by customs, habits, and
characters, which predispose them, in a greater or less degree, to
resist the benign and holy influence of Christianity; and, from
this as well as other causes, the term of Missionary probation,
and the results of Missionary effort, in different heathen coun-
tries, have greatly varied.

In forming a correct estimate of the recompense granted to
the exertions of our brethren, it will also be necessary to bear
in mind, not only the term of their labour, but its relative pro-
portion to the sphere they occupy; for those fields which have
received the amount of Christian culture, nearest in proportion to
their extent and claims, are the fields which, under the Divine
blessing, have most amply repaid the toils of the husbandman.
In the Isles of the Pacific and Southern Africa, where the num-
ber of the labourers, though still inadequate, may be compared
with thousands of Idolaters, they have often reaped their golden
sheaves: in India, where the husbandmen are but as one toa
million, who can be surprised that the produce, though rich in
quality, is imited in amount?

Still, in every quarter of the globe, where the husband-
men have gone forth bearing precious seed, although, from
conscious weakness, unnumbered difhiculties, and frequent dis-
appointment, they have gone forth weeping, yet have they
come again with joy, bringing their sheaves with them. In what-
ever country or clime the Ambassadors of Christ have faithfully
exccuted their high commission, and preached the Gospel to
every creature, there has the Almighty Saviour fulfilled His gra-
cious promise, and given them souls, regenerated and redeemed,
for their reward. ‘The facts now to be briefly reported, in con-

B



2 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849.
nection with every scene of the Society’s operations, will evince
conclusively that, in the service of Christ, duty and recompense
are identified—labour and success inseparable.

Before entering upon these details, the Directors have a mourn-
ful duty to fulfil, in recording the removal, by death, of several
devoted Missionaries, who, in the past year, have ceased from their
honourable and fruitful toils: —In Africa, the Rev. Henry Helm,
Rev. John Monro, Rev. John Locke, Rev. James Kitchingman,
and Rev. J. H. Schmelen; in India, the Rev. Micaiah Ifill; and,
in the Samoan islands, the Rev. Thomas Bullen and Rev. Thomas
Heath. Happily, the places of these highly-esteemed labourers

¢ have been filled by others, either sent forth from Iingland or
whose services have been engaged abroad; so that the Missionary
force of the Society has scarcely suffered any diminution, as com-
pared with that of the preceding year—the number of European
Missionaries being 171 ;—of Native agents about 700.

To the lst of the departed, must be added the names of Mrs.
Thompson, of Bellary, and Mrs. Anderson, of Pacaltsdorp, each
of whom has left behind her the most enduring records of Chris-
tian usefuluess, and whose character and services will ever be
held in honourable and affectionate remembrance.

The Directors first invite the attention of their Constituents to
the Society’s Mission in

POLYNESIA.
I.

In duly estimating our deep obligations to instruct and bless
the perishing Heathen, we ought to be keenly sensible of the
heavy wrongs they have suffered from our countrymen and others,
“who profess and call themselves Christians,” but whose unholy lives
and cruel deeds often present a more formidable obstruction to the
progress of the Gospel than all the absurdities and abominations of
Idolatry combined. ‘The name of God is blasphemed among the
Heathen by those who profess to be His worshippers ; and most
grievous is it to the heart of the devoted Missionary to be hin-
dered in his work by men who speak his own language, and
call his country their home. For, although to these mournful
allegations there are many distinguished exceptions which we
gratefully acknowledge, yet it admits not of a doubt, that,
amongst the most serious impediments to Missionary success,
must be classed the avowcd hostility or the practical ungodliness
of those who unworthily bear “the name of Christ.” When the
Idolater of the East is admonished of the evil of sin, invited to
the Saviour, and urged to take His gentle yoke, he points to
many, who profess the Missionary’s faith, more vile than the
Heathen among whom they dwell; or he points to multitudes



1849.| BARBARITIES IN THE NEW HEBRIDES. 3
impoverished, emaciated, and half idiotic, and reminds the Teacher
of Righteousness that they have been made what they are by the
cupidity of Christians, who, in defiance of law, forced on them
the tempting narcotic, alike destructive to the body and the
soul. And, to the Savage Islander of the Pacific, the White
Man and the Christian is known only as the plunderer of his
country and the murderer of his kindred ; and, if the labours of
the peaceful Missionary are resisted and his life endangered, it is
chiefly from the spirit, thus awakened, of deadly hatred and indis-
criminate revenge.

The spirit of retaliation, superadded to the natural ferocity
and awful degradation of the Native Tribes, has been exem-
plified during the past year, with fatal power, in the Islands of
the New Hebrides.

From the Journal of our Missionaries, Messrs. Turner and
Nisbet, who accompanied the “John Williams” in her last voyage
to those Islands, the following mournful facts are selected :—

Of Erromanga, where the devoted Williams fell a victim to
the dark and cruel deeds of preceding Voyagers, our Missionaries
write—

“Our prospects for that unhappy Island are as dark as ever. The Na-
tives now use every scheme to get Foreigners within their reach. They
come off swimming with one arm, concealing a tomahawk under the other,
and with a bag of sandal-wood as a bait. While the bag is being hauled
into the boat, they dive under the keel, tip it over, and then strike at the
white men with their tomahawks. They thave taken several boats lately
in this way. The ‘Elizabeth,’ Captain Brown, a sandal-wood barque, went
ashore last February in a gale in Dillon’s Bay: it is supposed that all
perished in the wreck except two, who reached the shore, but were killed
directly. This savage state of things is not to be wondered at, as the sandal-
wood vessels are constantly firing upon them. We know of some, who, if
they get a Native Chief within their reach, will keep him prisoner until
the people fill boat-loads of sandal-wood for his release. We have heard,
too, of natives being first mangled on board with a cutlass, then thrown
into the sea and shot at. They call this redress for previous crime ; but
these are the very things which have made Erromanga what she is; and
they are hindering our labours to a fearful extent in many other Islands.
It is difficult to check the reckless conduct of such men; but the Divine
judgments are finding them out. There is evidently a curse upon the trade.
During the last eighteen months alone, upwards of sixty of our own coun-
trymen prosecuting it have been cut off by massacres and shipwreck.”’

Il.

Independently, however, of these aggravating causes, the
spirit of these untutored Islanders is terrific, and many of their
customs horrible. The following tragic tale is selected also from
the Journal of Messrs. Turner and Nisbet. After describing the
wreck of a British vessel, named ihe “ British Sovereign,” on the
Island of Fate, they add:—

“The Captain and the rest of the crew, having escaped from the
wreck, arrived at the same place, near Olatapu, on the Sabbath, on

B2



4 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [ 1849.
their way to the large harbour on the South-west side; dae the people of
the Station determined to kill them. Some treated them with cocoa-nuts
and sugar-cane, while others went off to muster the district for their mas-
sacre. The tribes at hand were assembled—all was arranged; and they
proceeded in company with the Foreigners along the road towards the
desired harbour. They walked single file—a Native between every White
man, and a few on either side. The Chief, Melu, took the lead, and gave
the signal, when every one wheeled round and struck his man. Tanna men escaped to the sea, but were pursued and killed, with the ex-
ception of two, who fled to the bush. ‘en of the bodies of the unhappy
sufferers were cooked and devoured on the spot, and the rest were dis-
tributed among the various settlements. We minutely (say our Mission-
aries) investigated the cause of this cold-blooded massacre, and are sorry to
record, that we could discover nothing but a desire to procure human flesh
and the clothes of the unfortunate victims.”

But such revolting deeds are not restricted to foreigners.
Fiven towards their nearest hindred the wretched Savages anpear
msensible to pity, and utterly destitute of natural affection; and
the necessity and value of Christian Missions in these dark lands
is strikingly illustrated by the following statement:—

“Our Teachers on the Island of Fate have been the means of saving the
lives of infants, which heathen custom was wont to buryalive. One child
was actually buried, and then dug up again, and is nowalive. Three aged
women would have been buried alive, but for the remonstrance of the
Teachers. This custom is awfully prevalent here. Itis even considered a
disgrace to the family of an aged Chief if he is not buried alive; and, when
the old man feels sick and infirm, he will tell them to bury him, which
they do, amid the weeping and wailing of his family and friends. Persons,
too, at whatever age, if delirious, are buried alive forthwith, lest delirium
should spread among the family. A young man was thus buried lately.
He burst open the grave, and escaped. He was seized, buried again, and a
second time he struggled to the surface: then they took him to the bush,
and bound him to a tree to die. Verily, ‘the dark places of the earth are
full of the habitations of cruelty.’ ”

The Directors are induced to present these heart-sickening re-
citals, as they faithfully describe the realities of Missionary life in
those distant Islands; and in the hope that they will awaken, on
behalf of their heroic Christian Brethren, who have chosen fields of
labour amidst such perils, the most tender sympathy and fervent
prayer. During the past two years, Three Native Evangclists
have fallen victims to the brutal violence of the people whom they
sought to bless and save. Yet the spirit of the martyrs lives in
their Brethren, and, on the last voyage of the Missionary Ship,
no less than Thirteen well-trained Kvangelists, (Natives), with
Three European Missionaries, were left on those Islands, not count-
ing their lives dear unto themselves for the salvation of souls, and
the glory of God. The love of Christ constraineth them; for
while they know that the redemption of these Savages from pre-
sent and future misery can only be effected by His atoning
sacrifice and His Almighty Spirit, they know also, with an assur-
ance equally conclusive, that, by the application of these glorious



1849.]| PROSPERITY OF THE SAMOAN MISSION, 5
provisions, their salvation is not only possible, but certain. They
have heard of the mighty achievements of His mercy in many
lands that lie on the expanse of that mighty ocean ; they remember
that Tahiti and her sister Isles, that Tonga, Fiji, Samoa, Raro-
tonga, and Mangaia, with the Sandwich Group, were once as dark
and deeply blood-stained as the Islands to their West ; they know
that their own Fathers and Brethren, once robbers, murderers, and
cannibals, have been washed, and sanctified, and justified in the
name of the Lord Jesus, and by the Spirit of our God; and they
anticipate, with firmest faith, the day when the Prince of Peace
shall eatend His triumphs over the Barbarians of the New He-
brides and Caledonia; and to hasten this glorious consummation,
they are resolved to labour, and are willing to die.
Til.

~ It is delightful to turn from the wretched people who sit
in darkness, to the regenerated and the happy Tribes, upon
whom the great light has shone—to trace the progress of the
Gospel, with all its attendant blessings of civilisation and social
happiness, in the various Islands in which the Lonpon Mis-
SIONARY Society has long been honoured to prosecute the work
of God.

From Samoa, the Directors have just received a revised Ma-
nuscript of the entire New Testament in the native language
—a language unwritten and unformed till our Missionaries learnt
it from the lips of the people, and gave it back to them in Books
of Instruction and the Word of God. Several portions of the
Christian Scriptures have long been printed and circulated in
the Islands, and these have been read and understood by thou-
sands and tens of thousands of the Natives; but the Manuscript
complete is now sent, for greater facility, to be printed in
Britain; and the Directors cherish the hope, that, within the
coming year, this object may be accomplished, and the precious
book returned to the waiting people of Samoa.

In this populous group Idolatry has long been generally re-
nounced—the Christian Sabbath is honoured—Schools are esta-
blished—to large Congregations the Word of God is regularly
preached—and numerous Christian Churches have been formed,
composing in the aggregate about two thousand Members.

Yet it must not be imagined that the great majority of the peo-
ple have been brought under the saving and sanctifyimg power of
Christianity. The Missionaries have still to mourn over many
evils common to the degenerate nature of man, and others pecu-
liar to the country and habits of the people. A formidable obstacle
to social order and improvement is found in the want of an ac-
knowledged and well-ordered Government, the several Chiefs hold-
ing separate authority in certain districts. This fruitful source of
discord has unhappily, during the last two years, led on to war



6 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
between the Chiefs of Manono and Aana, with their respective
adherents. ‘This evil our Missionaries endeavoured, by all means
in their power, to prevent; but, although their efforts proved
ineffectual, they have rejoiced that the members of the Churches
generally have refused to join the combatants; and that the party
who have been forced by their adversaries into the conflict have
acted solely on the defensive, and, in the hour of success, have
exhibited the spirit of forbearance rather than revenge—a desire
for peace rather than delight in victory.
_-7 The Christian Chief, Mamoe, who visited Britain in the Mis-
sionary Ship, in the Spring of 1847, carried back to his country-
men a glowing tale of the wonders he had seen in our country.
At the first Annual Missionary Meeting held after his arrival,
he addressed the listening and astonished multitude to the follow-
ing effect. Pointing to a lofty mountain in the distance, “ It was
through the middle of such a mountain,” said the speaker, ‘“ that
I passed; the fire-ships on land flew like lightning from the one side
to the other.” Alluding tothe Thames ‘Tunnel, “ I walked,” said
he, “ undei the sea, and under ships. I walked, too, into the belly
of the earth, where men work with lights, and the sun is never
secn. I saw something in the form of a bladder, and as big as a
house, go up to the sky. I watched, and thought it would fall,
but it went up, and up, and up. Turn a handle,” he exclaimed,
“and the lights in a house live, and burn brightly; turn again,
and all is darkness.” He proceeded graphically to describe a
Cotton Factory, with its flying wheels; a Foundry, where iron
flows like water, and bars are cut with scissors, as men cut hair;
a Court of Justice, “where no favour is shewn to men because
they are great men ;” and, as a climax, said the orator, “All things
are brought into subjection to the British—fire and water, iron
and stone.’ But these were not the objects that had left upon the
mind of our visitor the deepest impressions. ‘ What is the use of
all my description?” he added, with glowing emphasis; “to make
you know the love of God to us! In Britain, your Missionary, Mr.
Mills, was loved. I saw more people in one Chapel there than
are found in all this district. Collections are made for the poor,
for the sick, for the Heathen. There I saw the bling read, and
the dumb speak with their fingers. All lands’ in Britain are
filled with love. Listen to what the Secretaries said: ‘Win
souls!’ Listen to what the Directors said when we left: ‘Mr.
Mills, Mamoe, we will pray for your lives, and for those of your
brethren, and that the work of God may prosper in your land.’”
The tone and action of the impassioned speaker were suited
to his theme; the impression on the minds of his astonished
countrymen was equally powerful and gladdening; and, doubt-
less, on that day, the devout aspirations of many an enlightened
Samoan ascended to God on behalf of their Brethren and Bene-
factors—the Christians of Britain.



1849.]| EXAMPLE OF CHRISTIAN GENEROSITY. 7

In the Island of Rarotonga, the people, encouraged by the
liberality of their Friends in Britain, are labouring hard to repair
the devastation wrought by the hurricane of 1846 :—

“You will be gratified to hear,’’ writes Mr. Pitman, (May 10, 1848),
‘that another Temple for the worship of the only living and true God is
just being finished. It is a fine edifice ; and, I hope, will prove a substan-
tial one, where the pure Gospel of Christ may long be preached, in all its
freshness and fulness, for ages to come. Its length is 84 feet by 60 wide,
having four doors and twenty windows, all glazed. On the Ist of March
last the foundation-stone was laid—it is now (May 10) nearly finished.
Besides which, the people have surrounded the Chapel with a stone
wall, of 600 feet in length and 5 feet high. Never did the Natives engage
in a work with greater ardour or cheerfulness.”

At each of the other Stations, the intelligence supplied by
Mr. Gill affords evidence equally decisive of the activity and zeal
of the Christian Natives.

In Mangaia, where the ravages of the tempest of 1846 were,
if possible, more disastrous than even in the sister Island of Ra-
rotonga, the following extracts from a communication of Mr. G.
Gill, dated June last, will best express the character of its inter-
esting population and the gratifying prospects of the Mis-
sions :—

“Tn building the Chapels, and making other arrangements at the re-
spective Settlements, we shall be greatly encouraged by the supplies of cloth
and tools which have been received. The prayerful sympathy and generous
help of the Churches of England can never be forgotten, nor will they fail
to produce real and lasting benefit.

‘They continually talk of the ‘ Society :’ it isa word ofgreat pleasure and
interest among them ; and, in the anticipation of the last Annual Meeting
in May, they determined to give some substantial proof that their interest
and gratitude were sincere. For the year ending in the month of May,
1847, the contributions amounted to 73/. The same year, also, they paid
51. towards the expenses of my return from Rarotonga; and, in addition
to this, for their copies of the Scriptures printed at Rarotonga, and the
New Testament printed in England, 50/. 1s.6d. Attheclose of the Annual
Meeting, held 31st of May, the total amount of Contributions was found to
be not less than 1207. You will, I am convinced, receive these offerings
with pleasure: they are from a poor and destitute people, whom God has
honoured the Churches of Britain to bless, and who now rejoice to doa
little to help the great interests of the Society, in the name of Him who has
so richly loved them, and who, though so rich, for our sakes became poor.

“The people of 'Tamarua are very solicitous for a European Missionary.
I told them what I have written, and gave them your rep 'ys but they
say ‘ Write again! Ask again!’ The Governor of the Settlement said to
me last month, ‘ Write again, and ask the Society how much property we
shall send to ingland to buy a Missionary ?—for,’ said he, with great energy,
‘I think we can buy him, and fced him, and pay him, ”’

IV.

The several Islands included in the Sociery Group, namely,
Raiatea, Huahine, Borabora,and Tahaa, have continued to enjoy,
unmolested, the Independence preserved to them at the instance
of this Society, through the intervention of the British Govern-



8 : FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [ 1849.
ment, and our Missionaries in those Islands freely prosecute
their various labours as aforetime; but the GEORGIAN GRovP,
including Tahiti and Kimeo, continue under French Dominion,
with the anomalous name of a Protectorate.

The people have been somewhat puzzled in transferring their
allegiance from the deposed King, who was warmly commended
to their love and confidence as a father, to the new-born Re-
public, which is commended no less warmly as their mother ; and,
had they freedom of choice, they would doubtless have declined
altogether the honour of French adoption, whether paternal or
maternal, and become again the free and faithful children of their
country and their Queen. It is but justice, however, to state, that
the present Governor has administered his office with great judg-
ment and moderation ; and, although his interference with any
interests connected with religion cannot be acceptable t» our
Missionaries, his influence has hitherto been directed exclusively
to the maintenance and advancement of Protestantism; and the
same principle also has induced the Government of France to com-
mit the Tahitian Youths, sent to Paris for Education, to the care
of pious Evangelical Protestants in that City.

Lhe Christians of Tahiti, though exposed to the bancful in-
fluence of French manners and military vices, have remained
znsensible to the attractions of Popery. 'The Bible was in their
hands and in their understandings before superstition obtruded
on their shores; and, in that inspired record, they found neither
Priest, nor Mass, nor Mother of God—they knew the truth, and
the truth has kept them free.

Of their attachment to the inspired Volume, the best evidence
is afforded in the fact, that, of the revised Bible sent out by
the “John Williams,” in 1847, seven hundred copies were sold
wn Tahiti alone within four months ; the Directors have already
paid to the Treasurer of the British and Foreign Bible Society
2801., as the produce of that sale; and the entire [dition will
doubtless realise a thousand pounds—a result altogether new in
the history of that Institution.

The Directors feel assured that the Friends of the deeply-
injured and maligned Queen will receive the following renewed
attestation to her honourable conduct as a woman and a Christian
with the same gratification which it affords them to present it.

The Rev. William Howe, on whose faithful ministry Pomare
is a constant attendant, and of whose Church she is a member,
writing in September last, says :—

“All that I formerly stated respecting Pomare’s conduct, and under most
trying circumstances, I am now happy in being able to confirm. ler hus-
band has been living in the open violation of every rule of duty towards
her for several months; and yet her conduct, in every respect, is such as
to call forth the admiration of all who take any interest in her welfare.
The Governor, in speaking with me the other day, on the characters of
some Natives, and on the modes of thinking and feeling of the race, re-



1849.] THE WILDERNESS RECLAIMED. 9
ferred to Pomare, and said, ‘ Her character and conduct are excellent.’ ”
Mr. Howe adds, “It would be well if all who profess to follow the Saviour
were as consistent as Pomare.”

Lest it should be thought that the Directors have dwelt some-
what disproportionately upon this section of the Missionary ficld,
let it be remembered that in Polynesia the Society’s first efforts
were put forth—its heaviest trials encountered—and its brightest
triumphs won; and that a multitude of Isles still lie on the bosom
of its mighty waters—the fairest on which the sun shines, the vilest
on which man treads—appealing to our compassion, and demand-
ing our zeal: nor can it be forgotten that the sufferings, which
have been cruelly inflicted on the first-born and the fairest of all
the regenerated lands of the Pacific, have only awakened our ten-
derest sympathies, and strengthened the endearments of our
early love; and that to Tahiti we have pledged our efforts and
our prayers, until Pomare, now a captive, shall again be Queen,
and her subjugated people independent and free.

SOUTH AFRICA.

The operations of the Society in Soutn Arnica have now
extended to half'a century; and in no part of the world has the
beneficial influence of Christian Missions been more general and
decisive. |

I.

When Dr. Vanderkemp landed at the Cape of Good Hope, in
the year 1799, the European Colonists universally regarded the
Native Tribes with contempt or hatred: they were too debased
in mind—if mind they had—to be instructed ; or too savage to be
tamed: they were fit only to be plundered, hunted, and _ be-
trayed; and systematic plans of wholesale murder were yearly
perpetrated with the design of exterminating the children of the
soil. On the other hand, the Aborigines, goaded to desperation,
assailed with deadly force both the persons and the property of
their oppressors; and thus the entire community lived hateful
and hating one another, without God and without hope in the
world.

« But, instead of the thorn, there has come up the fir-tree—in-
stead of the brier, there has come up the myrtle-tree—the wil-
derness and the solitary place have been made glad, and the de-
sert. has blossomed as the rose.”

The Directors do not intimate, that the evils of former times
have all disappeared and left no trace behind; but, considering
the extent of country, and the number of the population, it may
be confidently affirmed, that the influence of Christianity is now
as general in the Colony of the Cape, as it was once rare and
almost unknown, Christian villages, surrounded by cultivated



10 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
lands, adorn the country ; in these, the Sanctuary and the School-
house occupy the foreground, and, with the return of the Sabbath,
thither the tribes go up—the tribes of the Lord to the testimony
of Israel, to give thanks to the name of the Lord. The Hot-
tentot is no more a slave, nor is it doubted that he is a man, and
an immortal. Savages deemed untameable, and thirsting for each
other’s blood, are seen sitting in fellowship around the table of
redeeming love; while the Colonist can sleep in peace, and, if need
be, look for protection to the hand from which he used to dread
danger and death.

The Missionary Settlements, in common with other parts of
the Colony, suffered great injury, social and moral, from the late
Caffre war; but they are now enjoying peace and returning
prosperity, of which an illustration is given in the following gra-
tifying statement of the venerable James Read, of Kat River,
who has been an indefatigable labourer in South Africa for nearly
fifty years :—

‘**T am happy to state, that our Chapel, which the Caffres burnt, is built
again, and presents an improved appearance. On the 8th of last month it
was opened. I preached on Sabbath forenoon, from Psalm exxxii, 8, 9—
‘ Arise, O Lord, into Thy rest ; Thou and the ark of Thy strength. Let Thy
priests be clothed with righteousness, and let Thy saints shout for joy.’
My son preached in the evening, from Hag. ii, 9—‘ The glory of the latter
house shall be greater than the former.’ The day was as happy as the day
of burning was grievous—the joy of all present was great. May equal
blessings follow the services to be performed in this Place of Worship, as
were experienced in the old one!

‘I am also happy to say, that there are some pleasing appearances of a
revival among us: a number of our young females are deeply impressed
about their souls; and among the Fingoes an awakening is also visible.
Last Wednesday we had twenty inquirers, including ten of our young
females, nine Fingoes, and an Ammaponda. The latter is the same who
followed our Native Teacher when he left Umjekie, in the wfr, to come
home. God, we hope, opened his heart to receive His word. He has lately
paid a visit to his Chief and his friends, to tell them what God has done
for him, and to admonish them to flee from the wrath to come.

*“*{T have also the pleasure to state, that many of our Members, who had
gone astray, are returning with deep contrition_to the Shepherd and Bishop
of Souls: they had, for the greater part, not fallen into gross vices, but
into a state of lethargy, from which, we trust, many are now recovering.

‘Our Schools are also reviving—we have now ten in opefation, chiefly
taught by females. We want, and, if possible, must have, a Normal School,
for training efficient Native Schoolmasters, who may afterwards become
Preachers.”

Il.

If the description just given be applicable to the country
within the colonial boundary, the regions beyond it northward pre-
sent a scene no less delightful. The Mission Churches at Phili-
polis, Griqua Town, Lekatlong, Kuruman, and Mamuasa, consist
each of from two to four hundred members; and in these are
included Natives of many hostile tribes, made one in Christ.

From our beloved Missionaries at these scveral Stations, the



1849. ] DEATH OF A BECHUANA CHRISTIAN. ll
Directors have received, during the year, much cheering intelli-
gence, from which they make the following brief selections.

The Rev. Robert Moffat, who, in addition to other Mission-
ary labours, is prosecuting, with his characteristic ardour, the
Translation of the Old Testament, has transmitted the subjoined
interesting description of the character and sufferings of a Bechu-
ana Christian, who died in the triumph of the Gospel in the
month of April last year:—

“The following sketch not only exhibits the power of the blessed Gospel
in the conversion of a sinner, but the soothing consolations it affords under
circumstances the most afflictive. The untutored Heathen dies as the beast
dies, without those emotions of terror or remorse which not unfrequently
mark the death-bed scenes of those who have been brought up under the
sound of the Gospel.

“Being considered no longer good for anything, they seldom receive in
old age those tender attentions which they so greatly need, and are even
denied the tear of sympathy to alleviate the gloomy forebodings of anni-
hilation that reign within. But they are nurtured from early years to
hate sorrow. The hoarse voice of the war-song, and the sound of the dance,
are the only soothing accents the dying Chief requires. ‘Why so merry,’
I asked a dancing party, ‘and your Chief so ill?’ ‘He likes it,’ was the
reply.

“Andria Serétse, whose brief history I now present, was the son of a
chief man, who, when the Gospel was first introduced in these regions, gave
good promise of becoming one of its earliest converts. But time has not
realised our hope, and he is a Heathento this day. The mother of Andria,
a& woman who always ridiculed the Word of God and advocated Heathen
customs, also continues the dupe of ignorance and the slave of sin.

“ When about to commence a course of instruction to prepare him for
future usefulness, an affection of the spine commenced its slow but fatal
attacks. He died in April last, after having been a sufferer for three years,
the greater part of which time he Jay in infant helplessness.

“As he could read and understand English, he spent much of his time in
perusing simple books in that language; but the English Bible was his
daily companion. So long as he could use his fingers, he was in the habit
of writing letters on a slate, first to one and then to another of the Members
of the Mission-families, and especially to Mrs, M.,°to whom he seemed to
feel an affectionate obligation and esteem. But long before he left his frail
tabernacle every limb was powerless: he became incapable of moving a sin-
gle muscle, and the tongue ceased to articulate. Ilis eyes alone retained
language, and these told eloquently the emotions of his mind.

‘* When he lost the power of articulating, he spent most of his remaining
time, which was more than a year, in reading the Bible. Mr. Hamilton
made a stand, on which to lay the book: he was daily raised upon his
couch, and there he would sit the live-long day, perusing the pages of Di-
vine Inspiration, which contained all his hope and all his desire. When
he wished a leaf to be turned, or to read in another place, he gave a sign
with his eyes, which retained their animation to the last. He evinced a
lively interest in the progress of translation, and eagerly read every new
production from the Press.

‘Though the progress of the disease was sometimes painful, his counte-
nance never lost its wonted smile; while it would brighten, as if a ray of
Divine glory had fallen on it, when a Saviour’s love became the theme;
and thus smiling, when seized by the last paroxysm which loosed the silver
cord, he fell asleep in Jesus.”

To many Friends of the Society, who knew the Bechuana



12 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [ 1849,
Girl of whose conversion our Missionary, Mr. Solomon, of
Griqua Town, writés, the following intelligence will be truly
welcome:—

<< At Gossiep and Tsantsaban I received seventeen additional Members :

amongst these was Sarah Roby, a young Bechuana woman, who, when an
infant, was rescued by Mr. Moffat from the grave into which she had been
cast alive by her unnatural parent. Notwithstanding the privileges she
enjoyed in the family of Mr. Moffat, and during her visit to England with
him and Mrs. M., her mind does not appear to have been much impressed ;
and, on her return to this country, her conduct was so unbecoming that
Mrs. M. was obliged to part with her. She then came for a short time to
Griqua Town, and, during her residence here, she manifested such levity
and carelessness that I trembled lest she should become a total wreck.

“Sarah then went to her father, who lives at Gossiep, and, before long,
appears to have felt her guilt and responsibility. When she saw so many
young Bechuanas coming forward to give themselves to the Lord, her con-
science smote her: she felt that if she, who had enjoyed such superior pri-
vileges, remained impenitent and unbelieving, while so many with fewer
advantages embraced the Gospel, an awful responsibility would rest upon
her. She, therefore, resolved to seek pardon for her past neglect, and grace
to enable her in future to serve the Lord. She accordingly entered the
class of Candidates, and, having continued to give satisfaction, was received,
together with her husband, into Church-fellowship.”’

The Rev. D. Livingston, who occupies the advanced post
northward, and lives in the midst of a people to whom the
white man was scarcely known before his own appearance,
gives a most interesting description of his first convert among
the Natives of the Bakwain Tribe.

Sechele, the Chief of the Tribe, was strongly attached to the
superstitions of his country—he was the rain-maker of the district,
a gross polygamist, and a frequent murderer. But this man ob-
tained mercy, that in him first Jesus Christ might shew forth a
pattern of long-suffering to all who shall believe on Him to life
everlasting. Amidst entreaties and oppositions, tears and threaten-
ings, he was baptised in the name of the Lord Jesus, and his profes-
sion is well sustained by his self-denying and consistent character.

Many instances, equally striking, of the power of Divine grace
to renew the most debased and repulsive forms of human nature,
might be selected from the Journals of our Missionaries; but the
following reflections of the Rev. J. Hughes, who has witnessed
the general and happy change which he describes, is sufficient
to inspire gratitude for the past, and hope for the future :—

“Much,” says Mr. H., “‘has certainly been done north of the Orange River.
fifteen Hundred adults are in Churchi-fellowship ; their children are receiv-
ing daily instruction ; petty wars and cattle-stealing, formerly so universal
in the country, are now scarcely heard of on this side Baharutse-land; the
people wear European clothing purchased from the Colony, and possess
the conveniences of some hundreds of waggons, drawn by trained oxen, at
the lowest rate of eight to each waggon ; cnapels and schools are built by
native labour for Missionary purposes; and the people contribute to the
funds of the Parent Society to the amount of something more than 3001.
a year, in addition to 40/. or 50/. spent yearly in purchasing of Bibles and
Hymn-books. As I review these facts I thank God and take courage,”



1849.] THE FAITHFUL IN MADAGASCAR. 13
Ii.

From Mapaaascar, so long the scene of heathen persecution
and of Christian triumph, the communications received during the
past year have been few ; and for this we may easily account, from
the difficulty and danger attending their transmission. But the
intelligence, though limited, fully confirms all former statements,
and shews that, although the sufferings of the Christians have
increased in intensity, their faith and courage have been upheld
by Him for whom they gladly suffer; while their numbers have
increased by the accession of new converts. ‘These patient and
heroic confessors, in their latest communication, the date of which
1s uncertain, write as follows :—

*¢ The following is our present state :—On the 15th day of the first month
persecution broke out, and twenty-one were caught: the Tangena Ordeal
was given to nine—eight lived and one died ; five were condemned to pay
half the value of their persons; five were imprisoned ; and two concealed
themselves. But the persecution has not prevented the spreading of God’s
Word, but, rather, has caused it to spread much more—nay, far and wide.
The bonds of the prisoners, the preservation of those tried by the Tangen,
the hiding-places of the concealed, and the blood of the Martyrs, have
facilitated the growth of God’s Word in the hearts of men. When any
are condemned to be sold as slaves, none will buy them, because the
Lord has softened their hearts ; and when any of those that conceal them-
selves make their appearance, none has strength to accuse and imprison
them, for the Lord restraineth the wrath of man.

‘‘Tlow wonderful is the power of God, as seen by us at present in the
spirit of anxious inquiry produced in the minds of the people. They come
to seek the Lord, in the prison with the prisoners, in the hiding-places of
the persecuted, in the mountains, and in the glens: wherever and when-
ever they can meet with any calling upon the name of the Lord, thither
they resort.

“The five persons that were in chains remain each in his own house, a
watch being set over them ; but even those set to guard them do not always
remain with them, and the Lord has taken away their chains. Preaching
the Word, and mending the Bibles and the Tracts, is the only work they do.
A great many people go to talk and converse with them, and even the jailors
who watch them have become Christians. This great power fills the mind
of the people with astonishment, and their hearts tell them that there is a
God.”

The Members of the Society have already been fully informed,
that the Directors were induced, during the last autumn, to in-
vite the Rev. J. J. Freeman, their valued Home Secretary, to
make a visit to South Africa, as their Society’s Representative.
This measure was not adopted without serious and prolonged
deliberation, and repeated conference with their colleagues from
the country. From various causes, it appeared to the Directors
not only desirable, but indispensable, that new arrangements
should be made, prospectively, in this sphere of the Society’s
operations; and they felt entire confidence in the qualifications
of their friend and brother, whom they invited to the service.
They are thankful for the generous and seli-denying devoteduess



14 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
with which he undertook this Mission, and they anticipate, from
the Divine benediction on his labours, many important benefits
to the South African Missions, and great advantage to the gene-
ral interests of the Society.

Mr. Freeman finally sailed from Falmouth, December 23, 1848,
and the Directors have been gratified to learn that he arrived at
Cape Town, in safety and good health, on the 25th of 'cbruary
last.

WEST INDIES.

The state of the Socicty’s Missions in Jamaica and British
Cuiana has not materially altered since the publication of the
last Report. The Colonies were then in a state of political dis-
union and commercial depression; and, during the year, these
evils have been aggravated rather than diminished. The cul-
tivation of many estates has been abandoned, and the wages
of the labourers have been universally reduced. The systein
of Hindoo immigration, as a source of labour, has, confessedly,
failed; while the evils that it has entailed upon socicty are nu-
mcrous and lasting. °

The Colonial Taxes are very oppressive, and they are ex-
pended, to a great extent, on objects in which a majority of the
people have no interest, and from which they derive no advantage.

Under the combined influence of these several causes, the
Members of our Mission Churches, consisting chiefly of the
labouring classes, have not the amount of means, from which they
formerly contributed liberally to the support of their Pastors and
the gencral interests of religion. During the last three years
the amount raised for these objects has been greatly reduced: at
the commencement of that period they promised to be efficient
auxiliaries to the Parent Society ; now they are, in a great de-
grec, dependent on its funds. ‘This is not peculiar to our own
Missions, but common to all; and, in this respect, our Socicty
has suffered less than some kindred Institutions. 7

While, therefore, the Directors regret that the reduction in
the West Indies expenditure, which they anticipated in the year
1846, has not been found practicable, they cannot ascribe the
failure to a want of generosity in the Members of our Mission
Churches, nor to a want of diligence and zeal on the part of their
Ministers ; but rather to causes over which they had no control,
and from which they have been the greatest sufferers.

nome of the existing evils, social and political, in our West
Indian Colonies, are working their own cure; and the Directors
encourage the expectation that the condition of the coloured
population will be gradually improved: but, in the mean time,
they are impelled, by the strongest sense of Christian duty, to
render that measure of assistance to our Missionaries which the
inadequate support of their people renders indispensable.



1849.| MORAL DEBASEMENT OF THE CHINESE. 15

Of the internal and spiritual state of the Society’s Missions,
the Directors can happily speak in terms more checring. That
they should have suffered some deterioration from the influx of
Hindoo, African, and Portuguese immigrants, bringing with them
the vices and superstitions inseparable from Paganism and Popery,
can excite no surprise; but, from general defection and unfaith-
fulness, the Mission Churches of this Society have been graciously
preserved. ‘This gratifying fact the Directors ascribe, under the
blessing of God, to the watchful care and godly jealousy with
which our faithful Brethren have exercised their pastoral func-
tion. Alive to the natural tendencies of the Negro mind to seek
distinction, and to the strong inducements presented, under the
influence of their new-born freedom, to a premature profession
of religion, our Missionaries felt it incumbent to exercise great
caution in the reception of candidates for Church-fellowship ;
and the wisdom of their practice has been seen in the results:
they built not with wood, or hay, or stubble; and the Sacred
Indifice, fixed upon the sure foundation, stands secure.

During the past year the Congregations have been generally
good; the additions to many of the Churches have been numer-
ous; and their future prospects are encouraging. And, lest
the preceding observations should produce an undue measure
of apprehension in relation to their pecuniary offerings, the Di-
rectors are happy to state, that the aggregate amount contributed
towards their own support, for the year just closcd, exceeds the
sum of 50002.

CHINA.

The Directors rejoice in being able to report that the zcalous
and judicious efforts of their Missionaries to introduce the Gos-
pel to the teeming population of this vast Empire have already
been followed by results which they had not ventured to anticipate.

It is indeed true, that increasing intercourse with the Chi-
nese has confirmed, or rather decpencd and widened, the pre-
vious convictions of intelligent Christians in relation to their
moral and religious characteristics; and our Missionaries have
everywhere found, that their several systems of Idolatry inevitably
lead cither to practical atheism, or to absurd and childish super-
stitions. Notwithstanding their numerous temples and sacred
rites, the worshippers appear almost utterly devoid of serious
thought or feeling: with a high deerce of civilisation, and even
refinement, the majority of all classes are sensual and licentious ;
while the vices, common to Paganism in all its varied forms—
falsehood, deception, covetousness—are deeply fixed, and univer-
sally prevalent.

In attempting to raise such a degraded race to the purity,
honour, and rectitude which the Gospel demands, nothing could



16 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
sustain the Christian Missionary but a well-assured confidence
in the divinity of the Truth he teaches, and in the omnipo-
tent grace by which it will be sanctioned; yet, surrounded
by darkness so gross and obstructions so formidable, he may
well expect that his faith will be tried and his courage tested,
before hope is realised and success given. And when it is
remembered that our Missionaries commenced their work in
China only seven years since,—whether we regard their facility
of access to the people—the interest with which multitudes listen
to their instructions—the growing attention and serious demean-
our with which some attend on the ordinances of the Sanctuary
—the character of the Native Agents whom the enthroned
Saviour has called forth and qualified for His service—or the
direct conversion of Chinese idolaters to Christ—the Directors
feel compelled by gratitude distinctly to avow, that the mea-
sure of success which God has already granted to His servants has
greatly exceeded their most sanquine expectations.
I,

The Society has now Mneteen European Agents labouring in
China, including Four who practise surgery and medicine as
auxiliary to Missionary objects, and Z%wo who superintend the
operations of the Printing-presses—the one at Hong-Kong, the
other at Shanghae. These devoted Brethren are distributed
at four principal Stations—Hong-Kong, Canton, Amoy, and
Shanghae; and from these central points they diverge to the
surrounding populous districts. In each of these Stations they
have places of public worship, in which the congregations are often
large and attentive; and the opening of one of these Christian
Temples in May last, in the midst of the Chinese population of
Hong-IKtong, and by one of their own countrymen as the preacher,
was an event which awakened universal interest :—

*¢ This Chapel,” says the writer of the narrative, ‘ has seats for about
three hundred persons, and on its first opening it was crowded to excess—
there could not have been less than five hundred assembled. There was
not standing room for another person within its walls. All the passages
were thronged, and the multitude gathered round the doors and clambered
to the windows to witness proceedings, which, to the majority of them,
were new and strange.

‘¢ There were also present upwards of twenty Chinese women—a sight
with which we had not been cheered since our arrivalin China. It is arare
thing, in ordinary meetings, to see a female Native. Most of the Native
Christians engaged successively in the proccedings; some giving out the
hymns, others reading the Scriptures and offering prayer, and Ageng and
Chin Seen preaching to the people.

* ‘The address of Chin Seen was both truthful and animated. He told
his hearers how it came to pass, that a Chapel, exclusively for the Chinese,
was built amongst them, and why the doctrines of the Cross were pro-
claimed; stating that the Divine Founder of this Religion had commanded
His disciples to go into all the world and preach the Gospel to every ¢rea-
ture; that the Christian people of England were endeavouring to obey this



1849.] ATTENTION TO THE WORD OF LIFE IN CHINA. 17
injunction; and, while they were sending the Gospel to India, to Africa,
and to the South Seas, they had determined that the claims of China should
not be overlooked.”—He concluded with an earnest appeal to his hearers
to repent and believe.

‘‘ Since the opening of the Chapel, there has been preaching four times
during the week—twice on the Lord’s day, and on the evenings of Tuesday
and Thursday. On the Wednesday afternoon, also, Dr. Hirschberg attends
to prescribe for the sick. A number of patients come, with almost every
variety of disease; and, while he is administering to the necessities of the
body, the wants of the soul are not neglected, Agong preaching to those as-
sembled. On all these occasions the Chapel is full, and though many of the

eople do not remain throughout the whole period of the service, yet, to the
last, a number are found willing to listen.”

Canton is the only Chinese City in which the people have
manifested any direct hostility to Missionaries; and in this they
appear to have regarded them rather as Foreigners, against whom
they have a long-cherished enmity, than as Teachers of Chris-
tianity. But even here the benevolent and successful labours of
Dr. Hobson have triumphed over their prejudices; and in June
last he reports:—

“ Our labours in healing and teaching go on admirably together—the one
draws large numbers of patients to the place, who are, for the most part,
relieved and cured; and the other publishes unto them the Gospel of peace
and salvation. If any of our friends in England could be present, they
would be pleased, I think, to see the arrangement and order everywhere
observed. The room, that I have fitted up as a waiting-room and chapel,
answers its purpose admirably. It will seat 200 persons. Last Sabbath
was our first public preaching-day. About 100 were present: among others,
several Chinese ladies and gentlemen from our vicinity. A-faspoke warmly
and well; and I endeavoured to commend and apply what he said.”

From the City of Amoy also, the Rev. A. Stronach writes in
terms the most encouraging :—

‘At our daily Chinese Services, as well as those on the Lord’s-day,
the attendance is generally very good. Often, while expounding Divine
Truth to the large and earnestly-listening Congregation before me, the
presence of the Lord is powerfully realised. The hearers attend with pe-
culiar earnestness and feeling, and many of them evince the conviction of
their minds that the Gospel is indeed from Heaven.

“From the various towns and villages near Amoy, a good number of per-
sons come occasionally into the Chapel, and hear the Word of God: they
also receive books to take home with them on their return. Occasionally,
also, Natives of different parts of the Empire, who come here in the trading
junks, visit me in the Chapel. Some of these men, after listening with
wondering interest to the revelation of redeeming love, earnestly request,
and gladly receive, Scriptures and Tracts to carry back with them for their
families and friends.”’

From Shanghae, where public Christian Worship has ceased
to be a novelty, the intelligence is of the same character :—

‘‘ Those of us,”’ say our Missionaries, ‘‘ who have become sufficiently ac-
quainted with the Chinese language, have continued to make known the

rospel by public preaching, in the Society’s Chapel, to listening hundreds.

Besides a service in the English language, conducted by the Missionaries in

rotation every Sabbath-morning, three Native Services have been held in
C



18 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [ 1849.

the Chapel, and one in the Hall of the Hospital every Sabbath-day : also,
two regular Week-evening Services in the former, and two Daily Services
in the latter, for the sick and those residing on the Mission-premises.

‘¢ The Colporteur, Wang-show-yih, in company with one of our newly-
arrived Brethren, has also been in the habit of attending the Chapel several
afternoons during each week, and addressing those who may happen to be
present. Inalmost all of these Services we have an encouraging attendance,
some coming regularly for a succession of weeks.”

Il.

By the Imperial Decree in favour of Christianity, our Mission-
aries are permitted to extend their labours within a day’s journey
of the several cities in which they are located. This liberty they
have diligently improved; and, in the surrounding crowded dis-
tricts, they have been treated with respect and kindness, and have
proclaimed the Word of Life to attentive and astonished multi-
tudes.

The following account of a day’s labour, in the vicinity of
Amoy, cannot fail to convince the friends of Missions that there
is hope for China: —

‘* Karly on the morning of the 16th,’’ say the Missionaries, ‘* we set
out for Tong-an, a city on the main land, and about twenty-five miles
west, or rather to the north-west, of the city of Amoy. We reached a small
village near the shore about half-past one o’clock in the afternoon, from
which we passed over land about three miles to the city. The villagers
were all excitement—men, women, and children; yet manifesily influ-
enced by no other than feelings of kindness and curiosity. We passed on
with a rapid step directly through their village, the principal street of which
may be half a mile long, each having a bundle of Tracts under his arm,
from which, now and then, he gave one to the more intelligent-looking
among the villagers.

** Our direction was south-west: in the distance was seen a pagoda, near
the foot of a mountain, surrounded by massy shade-trees, beneath which
lies embowered the ancient and venerable city of Tong-an. No European,
or Foreigner from beyond the great western ocean, had ever before entered
these retreats; and surprise on their part at seeing us, and delight on our

part at such a reception, and in such circumstances, continually agitated the
bosoms of both citizens and strangers. With Brother Stronach’s teacher
for our guide, we hastened on our way through various narrow streets,
thronged before and behind with an eager crowd of all ages, sexes, and con-
ditions, till, at length, we came opposite to the Mayor’s house, which we en-
tered; but, finding that he was absent at Amoy, we left our cards, and were
very politely and hospitably entertained by his under-officers and servants,
of whom there were probably thirty or forty. Having invited us into a
more private audience-hall, and being separated from the throng without,
they treated us with tea and sweetmeats, received our books, listened atten-
tively to our account of ourselves and of the doctrines we teach, and when
we left followed us to the outer gate with much affability, and apparent
good feeling.

“ The city of Tong-an we judged to contain about one-third of the popu-
lation of Amoy, which would be from sixty to eighty thousand. On every
side of the city, except in its rear, are scattered over the immense plain
smaller villages, from one to three or four miles apart, enlivened with shady
trees, and containing from fifty to several hundreds of inhabitants. Proba-
bly not Jess than one hundred of these villages were visible from our post of
observation, As the sun began to sink in the west, we directed our way



1849, | INCREASE OF CONVERTS IN CHINA. 19
back through the city and fardens, and reached our boat about seven in the
evening, much fatigued and exhausted with the heat and travels of the day.”

The Rev. W. Milne, of Shanghae, in October last, gives a
brief but interesting statement of several Missionary journeys
performed by his colleagues and himself, and the encouraging
aspect which the population everywhere presented: —

“¢ April 20.—Went to Nanziang, thirteen miles distant. It contains a
population of about 50,000, and is of considerable commercial importance.
Our time being limited, we hastened directly towards one of the principal
temples by a side-street, distributing Tracts, which were willingly received,
as we went along. Though we did not expect a large assembly at the place
of meeting, we were pleased to find the news of our arrival had so spread,
that Dr. Medhurst had, in a short time, a congregation of about 800 people ;
to most of them he preached, for the first time, the words of Everlasting Life.
We were much pleased with the attention of the audience, though their ap-
pearance indicated an extreme of ignorance and unconcern about Divine
things. ,

“ May 1.—Visited Kong-Wan, about five miles from Shanghae. We
had been informed that a great feast would be celebrated to-day in honour
of the Idol, and that there would be a large crowd of people present. On
reaching it we were astonished at the vast assemblage already in the town,
and the myriads who were pouring into it from every quarter. It was esti-
mated that there were not less than 100,000 People. We walked through
the streets, distributing Tracts; and Dr. Medhurst preached twice, on one
occasion to about 700 at ance. We repaired thither on the following day
also, when Mr. Milne enjoyed a favourable opportunity for testifying against
the follies and sins of heathenism. The people quietly and approvingly lis-
tened; and, though surrounded by all the symbols of idolatry, and by
multitudes eager in the practice of it, we were not in the least molested
or annoyed. We do not believe that the people indulge the slightest preju-
dice against us as Missionaries; on the contrary, we are persuaded, that,
when they are brought to know our object, it will be approved and esteemed.
Happy sight will it be, when, instead of such a vast concourse of human
beings collected for idolatrous purposes, many shall be gathered together in
different parts for the worship and service of God.”

III.

At each of the four Stations already named, a Native Chris-
tian Church has been formed, and to these several new converts
have been recently added.

The Rev. Dr. Legge has had the hallowed pleasure, since his
return to Hong-Kong, of receiving six additional Chinamen into
the fellowship of Christ. They were for the greater part young
men who had enjoyed his fostering care in former years, and
whose hearts the Lord had gradually opened to receive His Word.
They had to encounter opposition, and to make sacrifices for
Christ’s sake; but, having found a sure refuge in His Cross, they
renounced for ever the gods of their Fathers—made a good confes-
sion before many witnesses—and were baptised before a crowded
assembly, including many natives. Their subsequent conduct
has well sustained their Christian profession ; and our esteemed
Brother rejoices in the hope that they will prove his crown of
rejoicing in the day of the Lord Jesus.

C2



20 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849.

The history of the new converts of Amoy is also deeply inter-
Ve. two of them consist of an aged Father and a Son :—

‘ Go-t’o, having cast off idolatry, given up worldly business on the Lord’s-
day, and proved himself @ serious inquirer after the way of holiness and
peace, has since become confirmed in the faith of Christ, and come forward
to devote himself to the Saviour as His gratefully adoring disciple. His
son, too, has also given satisfactory evidence of conversion, and is, I trust, a
humble, yet ardent, follower of the Lord J esus.””,

Their practical renunciation of idolitry was most expressive
of the contempt and loathing with which they now regarded the
objects of their former veneration:—

& They cast their idols,”’.saye-+he—Missionary,-$fas useless lumber, on the
roof of their dwelling-house, and afterwards, on my asking for them, they
cheerfully gave them up to me.* From the way in which the idols were
thrown on the roof, they have been somewhat damaged and brokeng yet.I
think it may be interesting Tor the Society to have in its possession the
identical images which were for many years worshipped by those who are
nos our devoted ‘brethren in‘the Lord.’ ne

6 These two ill-looking, worthless images, were once held in great vene-
ration by Go-t’o and his family, who used to present offerings and prayers
to them, and whose wrath they greatly feared. But now every member of
the family has entirely ceased from Idol-worship. Both the Father and the
Son give us entire and uniform satisfaction, by the evident sincerity of their
endeavours to serve and to glorify our Lord and Saviour: both in their
speech and by their lives, they aim to commend His ‘ great salvation’ to
their fellow-countrymen in Amoy.” -

_Inasubsequent communication from the same writer, he records
an additional triumph of redeeming grace :—

** In the month of March last,”™«writes our brother, #a soldier in the Chinese
Army, named 'Pay-tai, offered himself as a candidate for the rite of baptism,
stating his full conviction that the Gospel which we preached was, indeed,
divine ; and expressing the hope, that, when he should become more en-
lightened and confirmed in the faith, we might baptise him. He continued
to attend earnestly to our preaching, and was very often with us at our
houses for private religious conversation. He became more and more fer-
vent in his desire to be admitted to the Church by baptism, and to ‘ walk
in all the ordinances and commandments of the Lord.’ After advising to-
gether, and also consulting the Chinese members of the Church—all who
know him testifying to his irreproachable moral conduct—we felt satisfied
that he was truly devoted in heart to the Redeemer, and that he ought to
be received into our Christian fellowship. We appointed Lord’s-day morn-
ing, November 26th, for his baptism. |

‘* At the appointed time, our Chapel was crowded to the door by Chinese,
eager to witness the baptism of Tan-tai. After singing and prayer, Mr.
Young preached from 2 Cor. vi. 17, 18; and the Candidate stood up before
the large Congregation, ready to profess his faith in Christ, and his devo-
tion to His name,

‘To the various questions proposed to him by Mr. Stronach, why he
wished to be baptised, and what were his future purposes, he answered, in
a distinct tone of voice, as follows :—

“**T believe that Christianity is the only true religion, and that Christ is
the Divine and Only Saviour of a lost world. I therefore wish to live all
my future days as His devoted disciple.

““*I believe, that, unless Jesus had pitied us, we should all have sunk
down into hell; but He left His throne of glory in the highest heavens,
and ‘came into the world to save sinners,’ For us He lived, and toiled,



1849.] | BAPTISM OF CHINESE CONVERTS. 21
and suffered death on earth ; He was buried, but rose again; and He lives in
glory new, in order to ‘save to the uttermost all who come unto God by Him.’

‘* In answer to the question, ‘ What is the difference between those who
are in their natural state and who do not obey the Gospel, and those who
have been enabled to believe and love the Lord Jesus Christ?’ he said,
‘ There is a very great difference. I feel as in an entirely new world: ‘old
things have passed away, and all things are become new ;? and now my
desire is to be entirely cleansed from my old iniquities, and to walk hence-
forth in newness of life. The power of the Holy Spirit alone changes the
heart, and opens the mind to discern ‘the glory of God in the face of Jesus
Christ,’ and so teaches us to love Him.’

‘“* He proceeded—‘ I believe that all idols are vanity and lies, and that
there is only one God—one living and true God,—the Father, the Son, and
the Iloly Spirit ; yet these thrée are but one God. I expect only to suffer
reproach and persecution for the name of the Lord Jesus; but I look for
happiness only from God, and hope to be admitted at last, through the
merits of Christ, into His glorious and heavenly kingdom.’

‘* Tan-tai was then baptised in the name of the Father, the Son, and the
Holy Ghost, and the service was concluded with prayer.

“ modesty, and feeling, that he was listened to by all present with intense
interest ; and afterwards all the members of the united Church at Amoy,
both foreigners and natives, came forward publicly and gave him the right
hand of fellowship, thanking the Lord for having given him grace so
courageously to confess His name before men.

<“<'Pay-tai is, asbefore stated, a soldier in the Chinese Amny ; but, on account
of his having, fully a year ago, distinguished himself by his brave conduct
during a contest with pirates, in which he lost the use of his left eye, hg is
now ranked among the Hau-yiong,.om men who, for merit, are entitled to
future promotion as commissioned officers, and who are honoured to wear
caps surmounted by a gold button. He is about twenty-six years of age,
tall, and strongly built, Jyet he is distinguished by much simplicity and
mildness of demeanour, and is a diligent student of the Word of God.

‘“‘ Since his baptism, the new convert has become the subject of persecution
and reproach before his whole regiment. One of his relations is a Mandarin,
now acting as Secretary to the Colonel of his Regiment, who is exceedingly
angry with him for professing himself a Christian; and who, after seeing
all his ‘strong reasons’ proved futile, became so enraged that he publicly
reviled him in the fiercest manner. This caused many others to mock and

. shun him, as an apostate from the religion of his country, and a follower of
the religion of foreigners. day tai sustains the trial nobly, and assures us
that he is more and more deeply resolved, in the strength of the Lord, to
continue faithful unto death. Some of his companions have told him that
he may now give up all hope of being made a commissioned officer. To
them he replied, that ‘promotion cometh from the Lord;’ but that he was
not much concerned though he should not be promgted at all. To those
who revile and abuse him, he ‘ answers not a word

By the members of this Society, who for so many yeats wished
and prayed for the salvation of China, these first-fruits to Christ
must be received with adoring thankfulness and holy joy; while
they will lead forward our expectations to the day when the
Idols shall be utterly abolished, and Christ shall reign by His
power and love to the utmost limits of that mighty Empire.

IV.

The paramount importance of Native Agency in China is fully

appreciated by our Missionaries; and in each of their Stations they



22 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT, [1849.
encourage those of the converts, who are suitably qualified, to
engage in Christian efforts for the salvation of their countrymen.

At Canton, the devoted Leang-Afah, now an old disciple, but
still retaining the Christian vigour of earlier years, is a most
efficient helper to the truth.

At Amoy, Go-t’o is employed as a Scripture teacher; and en-
gages in his duties with his whole heart. From his sincere desire
for the welfare of his countrymen, his glowing piety, and his sedate
demeanour, he commands the respect.of the people generally,
and is almost always welcomed into the houses of the Chinese
whom he visits, both in town and country. He has already dis-
tributed hundreds of tracts and books, and has brought several
persons to the Chapel, who are now constant hearers of the Gospel.

In Shanghae, also, our Brethren are assisted by the itinerant
labours of Wong-shan-yet, of whom they speak in terms of great
respect and commendation.

“In addition,” they observe, “ to his frequent visits to the Chapel, he
lately went to Hong-Chau, a large and populous district, about 150 miles
distant. He has reported very favourably of his visit, and of the will-
ingness of the people there, as at other places, to hear and receive the
Word of God. He seems to have been greatly encouraged in his work, and

to have enjoyed the utmost facility in circulating bouks and tracts.”’

But in the Island of Hong-Kong the adaptation and power of
sanctified native labour has been most clearly manifested.

‘* From the commencement,” says the Rev. J. Cleland, “‘ we have had
the assistance of Chinese Christians, who came up from Malacca when
China was so far opened to the Gospel. J do, of a truth, believe that the
Evangelisation of China must be brought about instrumentally by the Natives
themselves. ‘These men are faithful disciples: I know none more so—no,
not even in England; none to whom I could more cordially give the right
hand of Christian fellowship ; none whom 1 could more love as Chris-
tian brethren—faithful followers of the Lord Jesus.

‘“‘ The first among these is Chin-Seen, the pastor of the little church. He
was ordained in Union Chapel eighteen months since. He is a man about
thirty-two years of age, and is a capital English scholar, for which he is
greatly indebted to Dr. Legge. Although he has not lost his individuality
as a Chinese, yet I think his manner of thought is more nearly allied to
the English. He is a most indefatigable student, and often from the win-
dows of his room, at an hour far advanced jyto the night, may be seen
issuing streams of light from the lamp by which he reads. Go into his
study, and you will find lying on his table two or three volumes, before
one of which he is sitting. If you ask the name of the book, you will find
it is avolume of ‘ Matthew Henry’s Commentary,’ or one of Abbot’s works,
or the ‘ Pilgrim’s Progress.’ ,

“Thus, during the intervals of preaching, Chin-Scen stores his mind with
the richest truths in the most attractive forms ; and he is thus enabled to go
forth ‘thoroughly furnished unto every goad word and work.’ When the hour
comes that he should make known the ‘ unsearchable riches of Christ’ to
his benighted countrymen—to those ‘ who are perishing for lack of know-
ledge’—then he goes forth with a clear head and a warm heart, animated
and earnest, to reason, to exhort, and to entreat them, in Christ’s stead, to
be reconciled unto God.”

In addition to the three young Chinamen who accompanied



1849.] CLAIMS OF INDIA. 23
Dr. Legge on his return to Hong-Kong, and of whose Chris-
tian stedfastness and eminent piety, he gives the most satisfac-
tory assurance, he has now several other Christian converts
under his instruction, with a view to the exercise of the Ministry
among their countrymen. And when it is remembered, that,
beside many incomparable facilities which Native Evangelists
possess beyond foreigners, they may go forth, sanctioned and pro-
tected by the Imperial Edict, to teach and preach Christianity
throughout all China, who can refuse to rejoice over this School of
the Prophets, and who will fail to pray that it may largely receive
the benediction of the Great Teacher and the Divine unction of
His Holy Spirit ?

In the contemplation of the solemn and interesting facts which
have been hastily brought under review in connexion with the
Society’s Missions in China, our Brethren in the North close
their last communication with the following weighty and affect-
ing appeal :-—

** We again entreat your sympathies and prayers, and those of the friends
of Missions at large. ‘We feel our circumstances to be awfully responsible,
and that we can be sustained and made successful in our work only by
Divine power on our side. A fairer and more promising field for Christian
effort we could not desire—more urgent motives to activity, expectation,
and prayer, it is impossible to conceive. ‘The measure of general intelli-
gence, and yet the extreme of spiritual ignorance and degradation, mani-
fested by all around, combined with the ample facilities and encourage-
ments at our command, present an earnestness and power of appeal which
no reflecting Christian can venture to resist. We ask, therefore, what we
need at your hands, in the name of hundreds of thousands, who may be
easily included within the circle of our influence; we ask it in the possi-
bility of their conversion to God, and in the prospect of all the happiness
that would accrue from it; we ask, in the language of the apostle, ‘ Bre-
thren, pray for us, that the Word of the Lord may have free course and be
glorified ;’ and blessed will be the tidings we may then have to communi-
cate—the tidings of myriads of our fellow-men eagerly flocking to Christ
and zealously professing the Christian faith.” "

INDIA.

From no quarter of the heathen world is the cry of perishing
souls for help more loud and piteous than from India; and from
no other could the appeal be made to the Churches of our coun-
try with equal force. India, embracing many tribes and nations,
and out-numbering more than threefold the population of our
country, is, nevertheless, subject to the authority of Britain.
By a series of events, in the dispensations of God’s providence,
otherwise anomalous and inscrutable, India has become tributary
to Britain, not that she may be oppressed and despoiled by her
conquerors, but that she may be elevated, and blest with that
erace and truth, to which our country owes her best hap-
piness and true glory. To the Christian power of Britain the
moral destinies of her dark and dying millions are committed ;



24 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
and, should the Churches of our country prove unfaithful to that
solemn trust, the blood of them that perish will cry aloud
against us.

And the redemption of India, though a gigantic enterprise,
presents facilities unknown in other lands. The breaker-up of
the way has gone before the champion of the Cross; every val-
ley has been exalted—every mountain and hill made low—the
crooked have been made straight and the rough places plain ;_ that
the Word of the Lord may have free course and be glorified.

The haughty looks of the Brahmin and the fierce looks of
the Mohammedan have been brought low; and from their
hands the rod of oppression and the sword of persecution have
been wrested for ever. In India the servants of God meet their
adversaries on a fair field—a field from which they never shrink
—the field of argument and moral force; and already Truth
has had its triumphs. The weapons of our warfare, though
wielded with a feeble arm, have proved mighty, through God, to
the pulling down of strongholds upon the plains of Hundostan ;
and there the knee of many an idolater has bowed to Christ, and
his tongue confessed that He is Lord, to the glory of God the
Father.

The Directors restrict themselves to a brief statement of the
different branches of Missionary operation, with the encouraging
results by which they have been severally attended :—

I.

The necessity of Education for the Youth of India is universally
admitted ; but the peculiar efficiency and worth of Mission-Schools
consist in the character of the instruction which they supply.
They are seminaries of Divine truth—Nurseries for the Church of
Christ. ‘This is their primary and avowed design; and all the
knowledge they supply is sanctified by the Word of God. In
this department of Christian effort the London Missionary
Society takes its share—the number of its schools is Three Hun-
dred and Thirty-seven, and its scholars exceed Twelve Thousand
five Hundred. .

This preparatory course of Missionary labour might be car-
ried to a far greater extent, if the funds presented by the Chris-
tian Public were equal to the ardent desires of the Hindoo parents
that their children may be taught. The Rev. W. H. Drew, de-
scribing a visit to a heathen village, observes :—

“I have had a school here for some months. There were about thirty-
five boys present, who had made good progress. ‘he first class, of nine
boys, answered my questions with a good deal of ability and acuteness.
There was an air of interest about the whole thing, in children and parents,
which was very cheering. After some time we were interrupted by two
men, who came with some complaint about the schoolmaster ; and, as
there seemed to be no end to their noisy vociferations, I came away. Seve-
ral persons followed me a considerable distance on my way back to Tri-



1849.] EDUCATION IN INDIA. 25
passore, begging me not to discontinue the school on account of what had
appened.

‘“« March 22.—Early in the morning a deputation arrived from the above
village to explain matters, and to say that all the inhabitants were
agreed on the subject of the school and the masters, except two Brah-
mins, the head-men, whom they represented as the disturbers of the
peace of the village. They offered any one of their houses in which
to conduct the school, or they said they would build a place. This they
have since done. The whole circumstance shews the strong desire of the
people to see their children receive a good education. Certainly this is a

opeful sign in a country village. I believe there are many villages in
England which would, in this respect, make a poor figure in contrast with
this village. They said they had no sleep the whole night, and had started
before day to come and see me. The village is about three miles from
Tripassore. Some of them once came all the way to Madras to beg me to
establish this school. There were some of them present at the worship in
Tripassore on the Sabbath-day. Surely the Church of Christ may not
neglect such openings !’’

In connexion with the subject of Christian Education in India,
the Directors very gratefully acknowledge the hberality of the
friends of the Society towards the erection of the projected In-
stitution in the vicinity of Calcutta.

Their friend and brother, the Rev. Thomas Boaz, has pro-
secuted this object with unrelaxing diligence, and he has the
prospect of returning to the scene of his labours, before the
close of the year, with the funds required for the accomplish-
ment of the undertaking. ‘The contributions already received
amount to upwards of £3000, besides presents, in philosophical
apparatus, books, &c., of the additional value of £400.

II.

The intellectual and moral debasement of Women in India
almost exceeds the power of description; and it will, therefore,
afford additional gratification to the friends of the Society to be
informed, that of the number of schools just reported, Szzty-one are
for girls, and that in these more than Seventeen Hundred Children
receive daily Christian instruction. In these many have been
trained, who, under the Divine benediction, have become emi-
nent Christians and useful teachers.

The Hindoo Females, from their extreme ignorance and super-
stition, are generally the easy dupes of their heartless and mer-
cenary priests; and the following simple narrative is the auto-
biography of one who, having, by the grace of God, been
rescucd from these impious delusions, now lives to rejoice in
the peace and liberty of the Gospel :—

“From my infancy,” saysthe writer, ‘till I attained to years of discretion,
T lived totally ignorant of eternal things ; and, consequently, was very in-
different to the welfare of my immortal soul. Afterwards I reflected on
Heaven and Hell, and feeling desirous of obtaining eternal happiness, I
earnestly inquired of Elindoo Gooroos (priests), ‘ What I should do to
obtain Heaven?’ Some directed me one way and others another way,



26 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [ 1849.
and by them I was taught several muntrums (prayers), in order to obtain
Heaven and see God. —

‘¢One Gooroo said, ‘ Bring some offerings, and then [ will instruct you.’
When I did so, he directed me to shut my eyes, and close my nostrils and
ears: this was done by placing my thumbs on my ears, and closing my
nose with my fingers. ‘Then,’ said he, ‘turn your eyes inwardly, and you
will behold a light, and know that that light is God.’ Having done so, I
imagined I beheld a light; but afterwards I was convinced that I was
deceived.

“With very great desire I went to another Goorootolearnmuntrums. After
keeping me waiting about a year, he told me one day to bring frankincense
and other articles. On receiving these he washed his feet in a bason, poured
some of the water into my hands, and directed me to sprinkle it over my-
self, He then taught me a muntrum, and said, ‘ If you repeat this prayer
with your ears, eyes, and nose closed, you will obtain salvation.’ I went
to another Gooroo, and requested him to teach me some prayers. He told
me thatif I would give him a rupee he would do so. When I replied that
I was not able to give him so much, he would not condescend to speak
to me.

“‘ In this manner I found by experience that these Gooroos were deceivers
and oppressors, and their many muntrums of little worth. Being in igno-
rance, and finding no peace to my soul, I felt great sorrow, because I could
not find a proper teacher to instruct me in the right way. At this juncture,
God in great mercy caused teachers from Cuddapah to come to my village.
When I listened to the history of Jesus Christ, His incarnation, miracles,
holy life, sufferings, death, and glorious resurrection, I was convinced that
He alone was able to save me from the penalty of my sins, teach me the

path to Heaven, and impart eternal happiness. And from this period I
detested idol-worship and every system of false religion; and, trusting in
Jesus Christ alone, [ commenced praying to the true and living God.

‘After a period of probation, [ was examined relative to the work of
grace in my heart, and my knowledge of the doctrines of the Gospel. I
was baptised by the Rev. John Shrieves, and admitted into Church-fellow-
ship ; and then, with my Brethren and Sisters in the Lord, commemorated
the dying love of Him whom I find every day more exceedingly precious
to my soul. As far as I am able [ tell to others what Jesus has done for
me, and to Him be glory for ever and ever. Amen.”

III.

The Christian Churches of India, under the pastoral care of
our Missionaries, Twenty-five in number, include upwards of
One Thousand Members.

During the last year, many additions have been made to their
number, and, amid many trials, the hearts of our Brethren have
been cheered, by receiving these new proofs of His presence

and power, Whose they are, and Whom they serve. The fol-
lowing brief illustrations are all that the limits of this state-
ment will admit. From these it will be seen that our Bre-
thren are encouraged to sow the seed of the kingdom beside
all waters, and to scatter it frecly both in the morning and at
night; for, though it may lie unseen in heathen hearts for many
days, yet may it germinate and bring forth fruit to the glory of
Divine grace.

This is strikingly illustrated in the following extract of a
letter from the Rev. Messrs. Rice and Coles, of Bangalore :—



1849.] HINDOO CONVERTS. 27

“ On Lord’s day, October Ist, it was our happiness to administer the
ordinance of baptism to two very interesting men, who have lately been
brought out of darkness into marvellous light. They reside at Cavery-
Putna, a large town, about sixty miles from this place. Both are respect-
able men, of good caste, belonging to the Shiva sect. One, Chinnappa-
Chetty, is about fifty-seven years of age, and the other, Busappa, about
thirty. Zen or eleven years ago their town was visited by a Missionary,
when the latter received some tracts and a copy of the Gospel of Luke.
The books were not valued at the time; but they served, at least, to direct
attention to the important subject of Christianity. About three years
since a Gooroo (Hindoo priest) came from Oossoor to reside at their
town, bringing with him a great number of Christian books, and evincing
a considerable acquaintance with their contents. From conversation with
this Gooroo, Busappa was led to inquire further into the nature of
Christianity.

“The firm faith and deep feeling of both have greatly delighted us.
Reading and hearing the Word of God, and prayer, have constantly occu-
pied them ever since they came to Bangalore. They often retire for private
devotion, and have been overheard early in the morning, and even late at
night, pouting out their hearts before God with tears. They are both men
of good standing amongst their own people; and the younger of the two
possesses property to the amount of 4000 or 5000 rupees, all of which he
expects to lose; but this does not appear to cost him a thought, nor indeed
has he ever mentioned the subject. 'The only anxiety of the younger con-
vert seems to be to prevail upon his wife and two children to join him in
embracing Christianity. Their sincerity being thus made evident, we
thought it right to receive them into the Church by the rite of baptism.

“They have both returned to their homes, accompanied by two of our
Native Teachers, They expect persecution, but are prepared, in the
strength of God, to endure it.”

The succeeding narrative, communicated by the Rev. A. F.
Lacroix, of Calcutta, also encourages the hope, that, in many
parts of India, God may have His “ hidden ones” —that His Word
shall not return unto Him void, although the fruit may, for a
season, remain ungathered and unknown :—

“‘ Some Native Preachers from Serampore went recently into the interior
to proclaim the Gospel, and visited a large native town where a fair was
being held. A Hindoo, who heard them speak of Christianity in the ba-
zaar, exclaimed, ‘ Well, you are teaching the very doctrines which my
Gooroo is teaching me!’

“The Native Preachers sought this Gooroo out, and learned from him
that he had never heard the Gospel from any Missionary ; in fact, that he
had never seen one, but that some tracts had found hex way, together
with a copy of the Gospels, into his possession. These, he said, he perused
attentively, and soon became convinced of the error and sin of idolatry, and
of the truth of Christianity. He gave up his idols, and commenced speak-
ing to his neighbours about the new way of salvation which he had found,
Twenty-five individuals have already joined themselves to him, having all
renounced idol-worship. With these he daily reads some of his tracts,
when at home; and, on the Lord’s Day, a portion of the ‘ Great Book,’ as
he calls the Gospel, and prays with them.

‘* flis adherents are on the increase, although, through fear of the heathen
Zemindars, they keep themselves very quiet. This Gooroo seems to be
well acquainted with the Gospel as far as he has read it. He received the
Native Preachers with great gladness; invited them, without the least
regard to caste, to take their meal with him; and expressed himself
extremely happy to have so unexpectedly met with men of the same
religious views, and of feelings congenial with his own.”



28 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.

Hitherto, the army of the living God in India, while sur-
rounded by myriads of foes, has been only as the band of Gideon ;
yet, however great the force, or deadly the enmity, of their ad-
versaries, that force and enmity have only evinced the omnipo-
tence of truth, and enhanced the splendour of their peaceful
conquests. But, if the Church of Christ pant for early and uni-
versal triumph throughout India, she must strengthen the hands
of the faithful few who have begun the conflict. If the resources
of military power, national policy, and commercial enterprise,
which have rendered India tributary to Britain, had been ap-
plied as feebly and inadequately as the energies of the Church
have been exerted for her subjugation to the Saviour, then,
instead of reaping riches and conquests, the name of our coun~
try had been covered with shame; and, if the Church, ever de-
pending on the grace and power of her glorious Head, resolve
to win brighter trophies and wider conquests in that vast field,
she must gird herself for the battle, and go forth, with aug-
mented numbers and more ardent zeal, to the help of the Lord—
to the help of the Lord against the mighty.

But while the Church should cherish self-abasement rather than
indulge gratulation, yet we rejoice that the strength of God has
been made perfect in the weakness of man; and, as we mark the
glorious results that have followed an agency so limited and feeble,
humility and gratitude direct the heart to Him, Whose is the king-
dom, the power, and the glory. Contrasting the Heathen world,
as it is seen this day, with its gloomy aspect when the Fathers of
this and kindred Institutions first directed toward it their pity
and their help, the change is wonderful, and the prospect cheer-
ing. ‘Then, of Hundreds of Millions of mankind it must have
been said, “darkness covereth the earth, and gross darkness the
people ;” and to what quarter soever the eye turned for relief,
it turned in vain—the gloom was unbroken by a ray of hope,
or spark of glimmering day. And, although the darkness of ages
still rests on many a Continent and many an Island, yet over
many a region, once as dark, the Morning-star has risen; from
many a region, once as dark, the shadows of the night are fleeing ;
and, while the eye gazes, the golden arch that spans the horizon
grows broader and brighter; while on many regions, once as
dark, the Sun of Righteousness is shining in His strength, and,
beneath His healing wings, languishing and dying souls revive
and live.

And what shall hinder His ascending course, or keep back His
life-giving energy from regions yet benighted? His circuit shall
encompass our Globe; the Nations that still sit in darkness shall
arise and shine as His glorious light shall rise upon them; and
again the morning stars shall sing together, and the sons of God
shall shout for joy, “ Glory to God in the highest, on earth peace
—good-will towards men!” | |



1849.] INCOME AND EXPENDITURE. 29
CasH STATEMENT of the Lonpon Missionary SOcIETY
for the Year 1848-1849.
INCOME.

£ sd.
Received from London and vicinity . . . » 12,315 10 O
Counties of England . . . . . . . . 29,353 13 8
Wales, Scotland, and Ireland . . . . . . 4,849 6 3
Legacies , ° , . . . . . . » 487512 7
Dividends . . , . ‘ . . : . 699 3 2
£51,593 5 8

Received at the Missionary-stations towards their own sup-
port, and from Auxiliaries abroad . . . . . 12,914 18 0
£64,508 3 8

Note.—Contributions for the College at Cal-

cutta, included in the above . . . £2,692 7 2
Totalexpenditure . . . .«. «. « « « 67,238 12 9

(Including the sum of £2,071 5s. 10d. on account of the

College at Calcutta),
Excessinexpenditure . . . . . . «+ £2,730 9 1

A comparison of the preceding Financial Statement with that of the year
preceding will shew the following results :—

flome receipts for the year ending March 31st, 1848, (ExcLUsIvE of the
permanent investment by Miss Fleureau of £4533 14s. 4d., for China, &c.,
and also of £6347 Os. 2d., the amount of special donations, to meet the anti-
cipated deficiency of that year), £50,765 1s. 2d.

Ditto for the year 1848-1849, £51,593 5s. 8d.

Shewing an increase on the latter year of £828 4s. 6d. This, however,
arises chiefly from the increased amount received during the year for the
College at Calcutta.

Note.—It must also be stated, that the receipts from the Manufacturing
Districts of England have fallen short of the former year, to the extent of
£1500; shewing a general advance of more than a corresponding amount
throughout the other counties of England, and in the Metropolis.

The amount of Contributions raised at the Mission-stations is less than
that of the former year by £3054 2s. 9d.

Of this, the deficiency from the West Indies alone is £2856. The re-
mittances also from Polynesia, from various causes, are always irregular:
last year, the amount was unusually large: this year, it has been unusually
small; presenting a difference of £2113. ‘These two items of deficiency
evince an increase at the other Missionary-stations of £1900.

The expenditure of the Society, as compared with the former year, exhi-
bits the large reduction of £12,026 12s. 4d,

But in the outlay of 1847-1848 were included two eatraordinary items,
namely, the repairs and outfit of the “John Williams,” £3000, and the
sum of about £5000 for the establishment of New Missions in China;
leaving an absolute reduction in the ordinary expenditure of the Society
of full £4000,



30
APPENDIX.

From the foundation of the Society until the present Anniversary, a
period of nearly fifty-four years, one of its Annual Sermons has been inva-
riably preached by a Minister of the Church of England, in some Church
or Episcopal Chapel of the metropolis. For the first time this has been
prohibited by the Bishop of London, in a communication dated April 30th,
addressed to the Rev. Thomas Mortimer, who had kindly promised the use
of his Chapel on this, as on former occasions.

As a source of income, this service was of little value; but as an expres-
sion of the Catholic Christianity, which animated the Founders of the
Society, the Directors have been happy to continue its observance ; and
they regard its termination with regret, chiefly as an unprovoked exhibi-
tion of episcopal exclusiveness, deeply painful to the feelings of those liberal-
minded Churchmen, among whom the Society has hitherto numbered, and
still expects to find, many of its mast generous and faithful friends.

The report of the Mission-stations, in detail, will be found in the following
pages. .



| SOUTH SEAS.
GEORGIAN (or Wixpwarp) ISLANDS.
TAHITI.

The intelligence of the revolutionary movements in France, in the
month of February, 1848, reached Tahiti in the following June, and pro-
duced a strong though transitory sensation, both among the foreign and
native population. Queen Pomare having, at the requisition of the French
Authorities, recognised the Protectorate of the Republic, the state of
affairs soon resumed its usual aspect.

Prior to this event, however, a law was promulgated by the French
local Government, which has an important bearing on the future inter-
ests of the Mission. In virtue of this law, a registration has been made
of all the Mission lands and premises “as inalienable national properties,
reserved exclusively for the exercise of Protestant worship, the education
of the people, and the residence of the Ministers of the Protestant Relt-
gion.” The effect of this proceeding (against which the Missionaries
most earnestly but fruitlessly protested), is to convert the Mission dwell-
ings into national property, and the Missionaries have become the
tenants of the Government. It is to be feared that many harassing
questions will arise out of this arrangement, and that the religious liber-
ties, both of the Missionaries and the people, will be seriously com-
promised. |

The French local Authorities have also established a strict inspector-
ship of the Mission-Schools, although the present Governor, who appears
to be a friend of education, has not hitherto exercised this power In an
offensive manner.

PAPEETE.
Rev. Writu1amM Howe. Rev. ROBERT THOMPSON.
The various religious services have been maintained, and the ordi-
nances regularly administered, throughout the year.

The Government has issued a general order for the attendance of the
young upon schovl-instruction ; and, as yet, this regulation appears to
have had rather a beneficial effect than otherwise.

“ His Excellency, Governor Lavaud,” writes Mr. Howe, ‘has just completed his
tour of the island, to visit the schools, by an examination of the school at this sta-
tion, His thorough investigation into the amount of useful knowledge possessed
ny each child, and the free manner in which he bestows praise and blame, are
likely to produce considerable benefit to the children, There are six schools con-



32 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
nected with this station, and the number of scholars in daily attendance is about
300. The efficiency of well-trained native teachers in this department is strikingly
apparent in the fact that the school, on which his Excellency has bestowed the
largest praise, is conducted by two of the young men who were under my charge in
Afareaitu.”

The Press has been occupied in printing the Tahitian and English
Dictionary, and other smaller works calculated to promote the intellec-
tual and religious advancement of the people.

BuUNAADIA.
Rev. Davin DARLING.

The continued occupancy of this station by the French Troops has
been followed by the dispersion of the majority of the people over the
surrounding country. From the various villages in which they have
been located, they assemble at the station on the Sabbath, for public
worship, to the number of about 200. The Church, to which some
additions have been made, includes 150 members.

The district contains four schools, with an aggregate attendance of
230 children ; and to each of the villages where these schools are esta-
blished, Mr. Darling pays a weekly visit, for the purpose of preaching
the Gospel, encouraging the teachers, and examining the scholars.

PAPARA.
Rev. JoHn Davis. Mr. JOSEPH JOHNSTON.

Under the weight of advanced years and increasing infirmities, Mr.
Davies has, according to his ability, maintained the Sabbath services and
other meetings for religious instruction.

In the districts of Papara, Papeuriri, and Papeari, there are now six
chapels and seven schools; the latter comprising 300 children. The
largest congregations are at Papara and Atitiahu, in the Papeuriri Dis-
trict. These places have been alternately visited by Mr. Johnston,
either for the purpose of preaching or imparting instruction in the
schools. e

Mr. Darling, of Bunaania, has rendered good service by assisting in
the superintendence of Papara and its out-stations. Writing under date
of July last, after one of his periodical visits to this part of the island,
he observes :—

‘“‘T found the people in all the districts very ready and willing to congregate for
public worship. I held a Church meeting at Atitiahu, the most central place. After
examining the several candidates recommended by the Deacons, and holding long
conversations with them, I admitted the greater part of them to Church-fellowship.”

HITIAA.
Rev. A. CHISHOLM.

The people at this station continue to manifest great spiritual apathy
and a mournful disregard to their religious interests. Among the effects
of French influence, there is observable an utter desecration of the Sab-
bath, together with the revival of the former heathenish dances, which,
it was hoped, had finally disappeared. In these circumstances, the Mis-



1849. ] SOCIETY ISLANDS. 33
sionary has found a combination of very serious obstacles to the prose-
cution and progress of his labours. These, however, he has diligently
pursued in the patience of hope, warning every man and teaching every
man, that he might present every man perfect in Christ Jesus. Amid
his discouragements, he has enjoyed some few tokens of the Divine
blessing on his ministry, cheering him with the promise of better things.

Referring to a visit he had paid to the out-station at Tiarei, Mr.
Chisholm remarks :—

‘¢ On arriving there I was encouraged by receiving from individuals an application
for admission to the Church—almost the first token of success I have had in this part
of my district. The Church-members there, for the most part, seem utterly lifeless.
One of the deacons, named Hufa, must, however, be mentioned as an honourable
exception. Although advancing into years, and suffering in his health, he gives
himself more to the work of God than any other man in this district, chiefly by in-
structing the young and holding meetings on the Sabbath. Last Sabbath morning
he was telling me what his thoughts were in the prospect of surrendering to the
French: he said, ‘ This was my thought: if they try to force me to renounce my
faith, I will flee to the mountains, and fasten myself up there till I die!’ Oh, that
there were many imbued with the same spirit!”

TAUTIRA.
Rev. JOHN BARFF,

The ordinances of the Gospel have been regularly maintained at this
station. Four individuals, upon a credible profession of faith in the
Saviour, have been received into the Church; the same number have
departed to their rest; and a few have been excluded for inconsistent
conduct. The total numbers at present in church-fellowship, including
those who reside at the out-stations, are 160.

In the several schools connected with this sphere of labour, there are
147 children under instruction.

EIMEO.
PAPETOAI.
Rev. ALEXANDER SIMPSON.

The usual report has not been reccived from this station.

In April of last year, four of the children of Queen Pomare, with the
concurrence of the French Governor, were placed for education under the
charge of Mr. Simpson; and, with the Divine blessing, it may be hoped
that, by a careful course of intellectual training and religious culture,
they may not only be prepared to enter with honour and advantage on
that superior position among their countrymen which they are destined
to occupy, but may also become the subjects of that grace which renews
the soul and makes it meet for heaven.

SOCIETY (or Leewarp) ISLANDS.
HUAHINE.
Rev. CHARLES BARFF.

After an absence of about fifteen months, on occasion of his visit to
England, Mr. Barffresumed his field of labour on the 29th April, 1848.

‘‘ Our people,” writes Mr. Barff, ‘‘ received us with the strongest marks of esteem
and Christian love, and liberally bestowed upon us the tokens of their affection.

D



34 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849,
During our absence they evinced their kind feeling towards us by placing a new
thatch on the Mission-house, and by enlarging the fence round the premises ; while
the female members of the Church made two large mats, and spread them over the
floors of our principal rooms.

“At the first meeting of the Church after my arrival, I was rejoiced to meet
again nearly all the members; and our meeting, after so long a separation, was one
of deep and lively interest. The congregations, since our return, have been large
and attentive.”

Mr. Barff reports, that the May-meeting, over which the chief Hautia
presided, was peculiarly interesting, and that the contributions nearly
doubled in amount those of the preceding year. |

The schools have again been brought into active operation, and both
among children and adults an increased desire for knowledge is ap-
parent.

RAIATEA.
Rev. GEO. PLATT. Rev. GEO. CHARTER.

The various operations of the Mission have been prosecuted as in
former years, and the persevering efforts of our Missionary Brethren
have been attended with gracious tokens of the Divine favour.

Two of Queen Pomare’s children, who were adopted by the Chiefs of
Raiatea and Borabora, have been consigned to the care of Mr. Platt to
be educated ; and, with a view to encourage and stimulate them in the
acquirement of knowledge, our brother has been induced to receive into
his house a few additional pupils. His chief aim, of course, will be to
instruct them in the Scriptures and lead them to Christ, that they may
become lambs of His flock, His faithful disciples on earth, and par-
takers of His glory in the life to come.

The progress of social order, industry, and morality, in this island,
had been, for a time, seriously retarded by the evil example and influ-
ence of the native authorities; but, during the period under review, a
considerable improvement has taken place. At the date of the report
the chief Tamatoa and his son, from an anxiety, as it would seem, to
repair the injuries they had inflicted, werg busily engaged in revising
the laws ; civilization was advancing ; and the people were busily em-
ployed in building substantial houses and fencing their plantations.

A Bible-class, formed by Mr. Charter, is attended by upwards of
30 young men, who manifest a deep interest in the truths of Scripture.
Mrs. Charter had commenced a similar class for young women, in addi-
tion to one for the special benefit of the monitors.

TAHAA,
Rev. HE. R. W. Krause.

From the circumstance of this island being held in a state of political
dependence by the Chiefs of Raiatea, the Missionary prosccutes his labours
under considerable disadvantage—his best measures for the removal of
existing evils, and for elevating the moral character of the people, have
not unfrequently been thwarted by the caprice of the dominant party;
but, notwithstanding various drawbacks from this and other causes, the
labours of Mr. Krause have not been unattended with the Divine bless-
ing, and he pursues his work in the hope of enlarged success.



1849.] HERVEY ISLANDS. 35

In February of last year, a new and commodious school-house was
opened ; and the immediate consequence has been a great increase in
the attendance of pupils. At the date of the report, the school con-
tained 130 children.

‘The prospects of my station,” writes Mr. Krause, ‘‘have continued to excite
my expectations, and to cheer my mind. The class of candidates has received an
addition of seventeen, thus increasing the whole number to eighty. I do not assert
that all these are converted persons ; but this I know, that they have ceased to sin
openly, and that they profess to be seeking eternal life. Probably, with the greater
number, it is only an outward reformation ; but it is a favourable symptom, that,
during the prevalence of the late excesses at Raiatea, not one of them relapsed.”

Church-members, 48,

BoRABORA.
In consequence of the death of Mr. Rodgerson, and the non-appoint-
ment of a successor, no report has been received from this station.
HERVEY ISLANDS.
RAROTONGA.
NGATANGIIA.
Rev. CHARLES PITMAN.

At this station, and through the island generally, active efforts have
been in progress for restoring the chapels, school-houses, and dwellings,
destroyed by the great hurricane of March, 1846.

The labours of the Missionary, especially his endeavours to interest
the minds of the young in the subject of personal religion, have been
unceasing ; and, in not a few instances, these efforts have.been crowned
with encouraging success. Referring to those in whose minds a spirit of
earnest inquiry has been awakened, Mr. Pitman remarks :—

‘‘ Several of them are young people formerly instructed in our Schools, and who
have joined our Bible classes. Both myself and the Native Evangelist, Maretu,
have had frequent conversations with them, and find that their minds were im-
pressed under discourses delivered many years back; and these impressions they
could not entirely suppress, although they often stayed from the House of God and
associated with the ungodly. Most of them are now candidates for baptism and
church-communion. May it please God to discover to us their real character! It
is one of the most difficult parts of the ministerial office in these islands, as else-
where, to ascertain the real state of the hearts of candidates for Divime ordi-
nances.”

This station has sustained a severe loss in the removal by death of
Aperau and Teina, two young men of decided piety, good talents, and
extensive scriptural knowledge. Their services in the Mission had been
most valuable, and the period was anticipated when they would have
gone forth as evangelists to the heathen,—a work on which their hearts
had long been set; but their career of usefulness was brought to an
early close, and they departed from the field of toil and conflict to enter
on the higher and purer services of the redeemed in glory.

The subscriptions of the year, from Ngatangila and Titikaveka, con-
gist of 4,3001bs. of arrowroot, and 26 dollars in cash. In reference to
these offerings of Christian liberality, Mr. Pitman observes :—

D 2



36 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.

‘¢ You must not imagine that it is out of their abundance my people have con-
tributed the money which they have given; for it is literally their all—to the last
dollar. One day, Maretu addressed the parents and children, and said: ‘Ships often
call at this place, and bring money to purchase food and other things. Could you not
sell to them what they want, and duy some money for the Society?’ This appeal was
not forgotten: it made a strong impression on the minds of the people ; and the first
ship which afterwards touched at the island elicited the feeling which had been pro-
duced. The Native Christians crowded alongside the vessel, offering their little
property for sale, and, as soon as the price was obtained, hastened, overjoyed with
it, to Maretu, and placed it in his possession as an offering for the spread of the
Gospel ; one calling out, ‘Write down the name of my child; here is a royal,’ (six-
pence); and another, ‘Write down my child’s name; here is a quinter,’ (one shil-
ling); and many others in succession with similar gifts and exclamations. It was
not a part only of what they received that they gave, but the whole. Many of the
parents, besides their own subscriptions of arrow-root, brought also two, three, or
more parcels of the same produce as presents from their children. The Lord will
not despise these ‘mites’ given for the advancement of His glory among the
heathen !”

Among other encouragements which Mr. Pi‘man has enjoyed in the
prosecution of his ministerial labours during the past year, has been the
addition of twenty-one members to the Church.

AVARUA.
Rev. Aaron Buzacort. Rev. WILLIAM GILL.

The Institution for training Native Evangelists, which, in the absence
of Mr. Buzacott, has been superintended by Mr. William Gill, contains
fifteen students. The brethren bear their decided testimony to the
general good conduct, Christian consistency, and assiduous application
of the students, the majority of whom manifest a crowing desire to
avail themselves of the advantages supplied by this Institution.

No intelligence has been received as to the general progress of the
station during the past year, nor has any come to hand from the island
of ARORANGI.

AITUTAKI. «
Rev. HENRY ROYLE.

The following statement of circumstances, which have occurred in
this island, cannot fail to awaken, on the one hand, the strongest dis-
pleasure and indignation; and, on the other, the deepest regret and
sympathy :—

In the Spring of 1847, a French Whale-ship, Le Martine, of Havre de
Grace, was wrecked on the island; and the crew, consisting of thirty-five
Frenchmen, and five Englishmen, found a most hospitable asylum among
the natives, who not only evinced the liveliest sympathy in the misfor-
tune of their guests, and rendered them every assistance they required,
but, during the entire period of their involuntary detention, extending
over a period of four or five months, vigilantly guarded from spoliation
or injury the property saved from the wreck.

Tustead of making those grateful returns which such exemplary con-
duct on the part of this little Christian community demanded, the
officers and crew forthwith commenced, and maintained during the
whole of their stay, one uninterrupted course of shameless profligacy,



18409. ] HERVEY ISLANDS. of
abandoning themselves to every vice that can disgrace humanity. The
abused natives protested in vain against their lawless deeds; and the
Missionary, in his indefatigable attempts to check their outrages, daily
exposcd himself to every species of calumny that malice could invent.

The French Authorities at Tahiti at length sent a Government Ship
to remove the crew of the whaler; and the captain in command, by the
most kind and conciliatory conduct to the natives, endeavoured to efface
the unfavourable impressions produced upon their minds by the flagi-
tious conduct of lis unworthy countrymen, bestowing on them at the
same time the praise they merited for their strict honesty and generous
behaviour.

It is, however, truly painful to reflect, that, among a people so simple
and primitive in their habits, and who have so recently exchanged the
barbarous practices of heathenism for the profession of Christianity, the
treatment they have experienced from these abandoned seamen can
hardly fail to produce injurious results, and that it will most probably
take ycars of labour to counteract the moral blight it has diffused over
this beautiful island.

The annual report of the Mission has not been received,

MANGAIA.
Rev. GEORGE GILL.

According to the most recent census, this island comprises a popula-
tion of 3,668 souls, located in three principal settlements—Oneroa,
Tamarua, and Ivirua. |

The island is rapidly recovering from the effects of the devastating hur-
ricane of 1846. In the course of the past year the people have com-
pleted a number of good roads, which will greatly facilitate communi-
cation between the settlements, and enable the Missionary to hold
more direct and frequent intercourse than formerly with his scat-
tered flock.

The people generally have continued to manifest an encouraging at-
tention to the means of Christian instruction, and are walking in har-
mony and love, according to the precepts of the Gospel. In 1846 and
the following year, sixty members were added to the church.

Besides purchasing numerous copies of the Rarotongan New Testa-
ment, the people have made liberal contributions in money, and still
more in personal labour, towards the extension and support of the Gospel.

The John Williams having arrived at Mangaia on the 12th of May,
1848, information of the event was rapidly circulated through the island,
and the members of the two inland churches were invited to assemble
for public service at the principal village on the following Sunday
morning :—

“Tt was a lovely Sabbath,” writes Mr. Gill, ‘‘and the ocean so calm as to allow
the vessel to lie on and off in safety. At an early hour Captain Morgan, with the
brethren, came on shore. The Captain and Mrs. Morgan, Mr. and Mrs. Schmidt,
and Mr. Ella, with Mamoe and his wife, and the crew, were received by the
people with much joy. The morning services were conducted as upon ordinary oc-
casions. I preached from the words, ‘God commendeth His love towards us, in
that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.’ In the afternoon, the Captain,
and Messrs. Schmidt, and Ella, addressed the people in a warm and animated manner,
and were followed by Mamoe, who perfectly electrified his audience by his descrip-
tions of all he had seen and heard in Britain, When unable fully to vent his



33 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
feelings in words, he employed the most expressive gesticulations, and we could all
understand his meaning when he pointed to the circumference of the horizon to
indicate his conception of the greatness and extent of the love of British Christians.

‘¢ Several interesting remarks were also made by the members of the Churches:
one old man, the principal deacon, of whom I have formerly spoken as being the
first to receive the Gospel in the commencement of the Mission, addressed us with
tears of joy, saying, ‘ Behold what manner of love the Father has bestowed upon
us, that we should be called the children of God. Here we all are. Never has the
land seen such a thing until now, that we should have so many English Christian
brethren with us. We have had fellowship with them before in prayer, and in
thought, but this day it is with the body too. I think I now understand the
meaning of John, where he says, ‘ Truly our fellowship is with the Father, and with
his son Jesus Christ,’ because we and all Christians are His children. There is no
difference—they and we are all the same—we and they are children. It is this
little thought of mine that makes me wish to die soon, that I may see my brethren
who have died even from the time of Moses; for we and they, and they and we,
are children of our Father who is in Heaven. My heart is large when I look at
my brethren and sisters from Britain. I shall only see them for to-day—I shall soon
die—and then I shall see them again with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob.’

‘‘ Karly next morning the Church-members made presents of food and of other
supplies to the brethren, and sent them on their way rejoicing.”

Church-members, 508. Children in schools, 626.

SAMOAN (or Naviearors) ISLANDS.

From the commencement of this Mission, upwards of twelve years
ago, our Missionary Brethren, till within a recent period, prosecuted
their labours without any serious apprehens'on of a revival of those
scenes of barbarous strife and warfare which had so often proved the
greatest scourge of these islands in the days of their heathenism. But
the wild passions of some of the more depraved islanders had been only
restrained, without being subdued, by the influence of the Gospel; and
their native propensities have lately found vent in deeds of violence and
blood. The Chiefs of Manono, having arrogantly assumed a right of
supremacy over the other islands, proceeded, in August, 1847, without
provocation, to attack the peaceful district of Aana, on the Island
of Upolu. After submitting to a repetition of the grossest insults
with the most laudable forbearance, the people of this district were at
length provoked to take up arms in self-defence. Other districts
were drawn into the strife; various collisions have taken place; and the
consequence has been, that many lives have been sacrificed and valuable
Mission-stations either broken up or placed in serious jeopardy.

The efforts of the Missionaries to reconcile the contending factions,
and to re-establish social order, have been unremitting ;;but, unhappily,
their earnest exhortations and warnirfes have hitherto been attended
with little effect.

SAVAIL
Rev. Arex. MAcDONALD, Rev. Grorce Pratt, Rev. TuoMas PowELt, and Rev.
C. W. E. Scummpr.

Sapapaliu.—In the earlier part of last year the island of Savaii, in
common with the whole group, was visited by an epidemic, from which
many of the people, particularly in this district, suffered severely. - Mr.
Macdonald, having been called to Upolu to afford medical aid to one of
the Mission-families, found, during his stay, full employment in reliev-



1849. | SAVAILI. 39
ing ‘the sick of that island; and returned to his station on the &th of
January, where his presence was urgently required by the progress of
the malady amongst his own people. He immediately proceeded to
Safotulafai, as the most suffering district; and, going from house to
house, he endeavoured, while ministering to the necessities of the body, to
gain the attention of the afflicted to the great propitiation for sin and
the only way of salvation. The people generally attended seriously to
the word of exhortation; and one case in particular is worthy of being
recorded. Having entered the house, and seated himself by the side of
the patient, the Missionary was thus addressed by the father of the
family :—

‘“ We have been anxiously waiting your return from Upolu, and are now glad
that you are come. You see we, as a family, have suffered much [two had died,
and one was lying ill], from the scourge sent by God on account of our sins, and
you know we are not the only family whose sufferings are great and deadly. Most
in this land have been and still are in the deepest affliction ; and it is not to be won-
dered at, when we consider that this land was the first to take up arms against
those who attacked us. We went not to these wars in ignorance, as in former
days, but in the face of the most urgent exhortations to pursue peace. This makes
us more guilty in the sight of God, and hence His Judgments are heavy upon us.
We and our family have consulted together, and our decision is to take hold of the
Word of God, and go to war no more.”

With many other expressions, equally strong and affecting, he indi-
cated his resolution, not only to cease from war even for the purpose of
defence, but to forsake every evil course to which he and his family, as
heathens, had been accustomed; and, in token of his sincerity, he after-
wards joined the class of candidates for Church-fellowship. From con-
versation with others, the Missionary found that this individual spoke
the sentiments which most of the inhabitants of the place entertained in
relation to the judgment that was abroad, and the course of conduct
which it demanded.

The general aspect of this station is improving, and the increasing
numbers who have come forward, professing themselves impressed by the
truth, afford encouragement to hope that the Lord is following with His
blessing the preaching of the Word; and, while the Missionary has.been
called to lament the sad declension of many of his people, he has, on the
other hand, derived great consolation from witnessing the power of the
Gospel as displayed in the peace, joy—nay, even the triumph, of no in-
considerable number of the converts in their dying hour. There have
also been many additions to the Church.

Matautu.—tThe report of this station has not arrived; but, in a jour-
nal received from Mr. Pratt, he records the following instances of the
force of truth in controlling the evil propensities of the natural mind,
and in bringing it into a holy conformity with the precepts of the
Gospel :—

‘¢ When I last saw the native teacher, Siu/i, he confessed that he had told me a
lie some two years ago, in replying to a question which I asked him. He said that
he had often been about to confess the falsehood, but was deterred by fear. Still
it hung very heavily on his mind, and he often thought of the text (Prov. XXVlll.
18), ‘ He that covereth his sins shall not prosper :’ now he had confessed, he felt
much relieved. I could not but rejoice to find such symptoms of the power of con-



40 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
cience, especially in connection with a form of sin, which is often looked upon
by the natives as of no importance.

‘‘ He then related to me the rise and progress of religion in his soul. Formerly
he hated the very sight of the people of God, maintained in succession ten or twelve
wives, and in the song sung to his praise as a Chief it was intimated that religion
should not interfere with his practices. To some of his relations, who expostulated
with him, he replied, That he was not yet satiated with sin, for he had but just begun
to taste its sweets. One of his friends, who has since become a Deacon, and another,
who labours as a teacher, left him, when they saw his total obduracy ; and, though
he felt angry at their departure, yet the fact made a deep impression on his mind.

‘¢ About this time I called on him, and talked seriously to him as to the conse-
quences of his conduct. My remonstrances appeared to make some impression,
and sermons which he had formerly heard from Mr. Macdonald were also brought
with power to his memory. One after another he discarded all his evil practices,
and firmly laid hold on the Word of life. After a probation unusually prolonged, on
account of his former character and the strong apprehension that he might not
withstand temptation, he was admitted to the Church. He has since given many
proofs of his sincere desire to walk in the paths of truth and righteousness, and I
cannot but encourage the hope that he will continue faithful unto death.”

Church members, 98.

Samata.—In the early part of 1847, this district was visited by a se-
vere epidemic, which, by exciting a salutary alarm in the minds of the
people, led many of them for a season to relinquish their evil courses, and
to seek with apparent earnestness the salvation of their souls. In his later
communications, however, Mr. Powell records the painful fact, that
these solemn impressions had, in many instances, proved as transitory
as the morning-cloud and the early dew. Some who had been brought
to the borders of the grave, and who, in the season of severe suffering,
gave hopeful signs of repentance, have, by their perverse and wicked
conduct since their recovery, exhibited mournful evidence that their
hearts remain unchanged.

‘* But yet,” adds our brother, “we have hope. ‘The Lord’s people shall be
willing in the day of His power.’ We rely on His precious promises. Already we
see arising In the distant horizon a cloud like a man’s hand. Some of the Church-
members begin to manifest fresh signs of life. Four new members have been added
to our fellowship. Some pray day and night. The teachers generally are becom-
ing more enlightened, and appear to feel the importance and responsibility of their
work. They greatly value our frequent meetings for the exposition of the Word of
God. Mrs. Powell has an interesting class of about thirty females, whom she meets
twice a week for general instruction, and once a week for searching the Scriptures
and prayer.”

In October, 1847, the Rev. John Geddie and Mr. Isaac Archibald, of
the Board of Foreign Missions of the Presbyterian Church of Nova
Scotia, arrived in Samoa, to open a Mission in one of the western groups
of the South Pacific. Our Missionary Brethren recommended them to
locate themselves on one of the islands of the New Hebrides ; and it
was arranged, on the arrival of the John Williams, at the end of May
last year, that our Brother, Mr. Powell, should be associated with Messrs.
Geddie and Archibald in their important enterprise, and that Messrs.
Nisbet and Turner should likewise accompany them to assist in the
commencement of the undertaking. This arrangement was accordingly
carried into effect; and the Missionary band, accompanied by several
native teachers, sailed for their destination in the beginning of J uly.

Mr. Powell has been succeeded at Samata by Mr. Schmidt.



1849. ] UPOLU. 41
UPouv.

Rev. W1LL1AM MILis, Rev. CoHArtES Harpin, Rev. WmiiAM Hanrport, Rev. GEo.
Drummond, Rev. Henry NisBet, Rev. GEORGE TURNER, Rev. GEORGE STALL-
worTBY, Rev. JAMES P. SUNDERLAND ; Mr. EBENEZER BUCHANAN, Infant School
Teacher; Mr. SAMUEL ELLA, Missionary Printer.

Apia.—On the 28th of May, 1848, Mr. and Mrs. Mills arrived at
this station, from England, and received a joyful welcome from the
people. Mr. Mills was gratified to learn that this district had taken no
part in the war, although, from the immediate expectation of hostilities,
all the villages around were crowded with women and children, and
much excitement prevailed.

The Sabbath-services, Bible-classes, and Schools, continued to be well
attended ; indeed, there had for some time been more than an average
attendance upon the means of religious instruction, owing to the number
of refugees in the vicinity. The Female Boarding-school, under Mrs.
Mills, containing about thirty-three pupils, also continued to form an
interesting and encouraging feature in the Mission.

Central Infant and Normal Schools.—Mr. Buchanan, who continues
his operations at this station, reports that, since January, 1847, there
had been admitted to the Normal School twenty-six pupils, of whom
four had already been appointed to spheres of labour; two had been
removed to the Institution at Malua ; and the remainder would shortly
be sent to their respective villages to open schools. Most of these
young men have so far acquired the art of teaching, as to be able to
communicate, with advantage to their pupils, the knowledge they have
themselves obtained.

While the attendance on the day-schools has fluctuated, the progress
of those who have attended regularly has been most satisfactory, espe-
cially in the acquisition of scriptural knowledge.

The May Anniversary, held at this station on the 3rd of the month,
was attended by Capt. North, of H. M.S. “Calypso ;” Mr. Pritchard, the
British Consul ; Mr. Williams, the U. 8. Consul ; with Mr. Sunderland, and
other brethren and friends.

“At two o’clock,” writes Mr. Buchanan, “about 500 children met in the chapel ;
and, after undergoing a brief examination, were addressed by the gentlemen whom
I have named. Captain North then presented the girls of the Boarding Schools
under Mrs. Mills and Mrs. Williams, and the lads of the Normal School, with a
small present each. At the opening and closing in both the morning and afternoon
services, and between the several addresses, the children sung, with much propriety
and sweetness, verses of Samoan Hymns, and other pieces prepared for the occasion.
The captain and officers of the ‘Calypso’ were present at both services, and expressed
themselves highly gratified with the progress and acquirements of the children.
Their prompt answers, and the deep interest they evinced in the services of the
day; with their beaming, intelligent eyes, their pleasing smiles, and their
ready obedience; pleased our visitors very much and greatly excited their ad-
miration.”

Lepa.—This station, with several others on the island of Upolu, has
suffered severely by the war, although it was not the immediate scene of
conflict. The entire district of Aana having been desolated, all the



42 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.,
women and children, with the aged and infirm, belonging to that part of
the island, sought refuge in Atua.

‘¢ From these and other causes,” observes Mr. Harbutt, ‘‘ weare in a state of con-
stant excitement. Our people, for the most part, live in the bush, lest a night attack
should be made by the fleet of Manono whilst the men are all absent in the camp.
An attack has been threatened, and, as it cannot be foreseen at what village they
may land, all are under alarm. ‘There is a marked difference in the way in which
the two parties are carrying on the war: Manono and her allies have cast off their
former avowed adherence to the Word of God, and many heathen practices have
been resumed, whilst Atua and Aana retain, firmly, their profession of the Gospel ;
and their practice has been so far consistent, that, in their victories, they have grate-
fully recognised the hand of God; and the ruling parties have done their utmost to
restrain the licentiousness too common among such assemblies.”

Le Ulumaega.—In consequence of the political agitations prevailing
in this part of the island, the past year has been one of severe trial to
the Missionary and his people. Mr. Sunderland, however, reports that,
notwithstanding these disturbing influences, a desire to listen to the
Word of God, and to secure the advantages of education, has been
pleasingly manifest among the people. The schools have been well at-
tended, and many of the children can read fluently in the Scriptures,
and are acquainted with most of the leading events in Sacred History.
But, while the people of this, as of otner districts, exhibit an exemplary
attention to the outward observances of religion, a serious deficiency of
vital godliness is but too observable.

Mr. Sunderland bears the following delightful testimony to the zeal,
fidelity, and usefulness of the Native Evangelist by whom he is assisted
in his labours:—

“¢ Williamu, the teacher named after the lamented Williams, has been most in-
defatigable in his efforts to promote peace; and, although in the decline of life,
manifests all the ardour of youth in his daily exertions to do good, and promote the
interests of Christ’s kingdom. Formerly he was a Samoan orator, speaking at
their great assemblies, and by his lively manner of address always secured atten-
tion. This still gives him influence among the people, and his preaching is generally
listened to with great attention. He is a comfort and support to the Missionary,
always ready to every good work, and manifesting no ordinary anxiety that the
Gospel of Christ may be received by his countrymen. He resides at Le Ulumaega;
and, as it is the most prominent place in Aana, his counsels are instrumental in
guiding the judgments of the Chiefs in important matters.”

Mr. Sunderland having succeeded to the charge of the district for-
merly superintended by Mr. Meath, including Manono and a part of
Upolu, Mr. Ella has taken up his residence at this station, with a special
view to the management of the Printing-press.

Vaiee.—In the earlier part of last year, this station began to assume
an encouraging appearance; but a large portion of the district being
comprised in the Aana division of the island, it became the immediate
scene of a desolating conflict which led to the suspension of all Mission-
ary operations: the dwelling-house of Mr. Sunderland is said to be
the only house left standing amidst the general wreck. In referring to
the damage which has been done, our brother observes :—

““ Only two or three villages are now remaining in the whole extent of the dis-
trict. It has, in fact, assumed all the appearance of a depopulated wilderness. Of
course, all our plans of prospective labour are deranged. Classes have been dis-



1849. ] UPOLU. 43
continued; the female boarding-school is broken up; and the children are scattered
in various directions, with their parents. This was one of the most affecting parts
of the distressing scene, as the poor girls were strongly attached to the school,
and were forced to depart with tears in their eyes.”

Mr. Sunderland, having been appointed one of the deputation to visit
the New Hebrides, sailed for that group in the “John Williams” in July.
May it please the Great Head of the Church, in the meantime, to prepare
the way for his return to his own sphere of labour under happier auspices !

Malua.—Samoan Mission Seminary—Under the persevering efforts
of Messrs. Hardie and Turner, this important Institution had, as in pre-
ceding years, been carried on with an encouraging amount of success,
and measures were in active progress for the erection of a range of
substantial stone edifices for the better accommodation of the pupils,
when the outbreak of the war interposed a serious check to the progress
of the work.

The constant endeavours of the Missionaries in charge of the Institu-
tion to mediate between the hostile parties have unavoidably occupied
much of their time, and very frequently taken them from home. Owing
also to the prevailing excitement, the students have found it difficult to
give proper attention to their studies. Anxiety respecting their families,
and their position in reference to those engaged in the war, have induced
a few to leave the Institution. The other students who remain in the
Institution are very desirous to maintain their ground at all hazards.
At the date of the report, two teachers had just left to assist in the
Mission at the New Hebrides, and two for stations of usefulness in
Samoa; and the number remaining in the Institution is forty-one.

Mr. Turner, being one of the deputation which departed for the New
Hebrides in July, the entire charge of the Seminary, during his ab-
sence, devolved upon Mr. Hardie. Mrs. Turner remains at Manua,
to prosecute, in conjunction with Mrs. Hardie, her Christian labours
among the female natives.

Saluafata.—Two members of the Church, under the pastoral care
of Mr. Drummond, have been removed by death, and our brother
cherishes a good hope, that they have entered into rest, and are for
ever with the Lord. Two members, having fallen into sin, were ex-
cluded from communion, and two have been added; leaving the number
in fellowship, at the date of the report, seventy-five.

The number of candidates for admission to the ordinances of the
Church has continued to increase, and of some of these Mr. Drummond
entertained so favourable an opinion, that he would have been induced,
under ordinary circumstances, to receive them into the Church; but, on
account of the prevailing political excitement, he considered it advisable
to allow further time for testing their stability.

The members of the Church, in common with those of the other
Churches throughout the island, exerted themselves with commendable
zeal to avert the calamities of war.

The Schools had been maintained as in former years; but, from the
disturbing causes already mentioned, the attendance of the scholars had
been irregular.



44 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [ 1849.

Falealili.—tIn the early part of last year, Mr. Stallworthy commenced
a class of young men, twenty-five in number, who met five evenings
in the week, for the purpose of having their attention directed to the
Word of God and the way of salvation. He also instructs them in
various branches of elementary and useful knowledge, and the majority
have evinced great satisfaction at the opportunity thus afforded them of
acquiring valuable information. Another meeting was held, once a week,
consisting of the candidates for Church-communion.

But these and other means of usefulness have been seriously in-
terrupted by the alarm and confusion occasioned by the war. The greater
part of the population, including many of the Church-members and can-
didates, had joined the camp; which, although strictly for the purpose‘of
self-defence, is deeply to be deplored, as the Christians must necessarily
be exposed to influences likely to produce a deteriorating effect upon their
minds and habits.

Before this dispersion, the Church consisted of 108 members.

The School-teacher, Topu, has continued very assiduous in the dis-
charge of his duties, although the average daily attendance on the two
schools under his superintendence does not exceed thirty pupils: all the
other schools in the district, in consequence of the war, if not wholly
broken up, have been very thinly attended.

MANONO.

In consequence of the lamented decease of Mr. Heath, who was suc-
ceeded in his charge by Mr. Sunderland, no report has been received
from this island.

TUTUILA.
Rev. A. W. Murray.

Pago-pago.—Through the Divine mercy, this island has been entirely
exempted from those wars and fightings which have been so prejudicial
in their effect on the neighbouring islands; and the Missionary has ac-
cordingly been enabled to prosecute his labours without interruption.

The various religious services, schools, and other departments of
effort, have been prosecuted as in former years, and have been attended
with an encouraging amount of success.

The Sabbath congregations haye varied in number from 500 to 700;
while the attendance on the schools has amounted to about 360. There
has been an addition to the Church of twenty-two members, leaving
the total number in communion 300.

Among the incidental benefits conferred by the Gospel upon this
island has been its effect in arresting the progress of mortality, which,
at one time, threatened the speedy extirpation of the whole race. Since
the arrival of the Missionaries in 1836, the population has not only not
diminished, but has considerably increased.

The out-posts connected with this station are in an interesting and
encouraging state: the attendance on the schools and services is highly
satisfactory; and their prosperous condition appears to be mainly at-
tributable to the efficiency of the Native Teachers.

“The station at Noa,” observes Mr. Murray, ‘‘was commenced about three years
ago. Taito, one of our best qualified native assistants, has charge of it; and the



1849. | TUTUILA. 45
state of things conclusively proves the zeal and ability with which he and his wife
discharge their duties. It is especially cheering to us to see evidence of growing
efficiency in our native assistants, as on them, under God, our hopes mainly rest for
the universal spread and permanent ascendancy of the Gospel throughout the many
and extensive groups of this vast ocean.”

Leone.—By the death of Mr. Bullen, the Samoan Mission has been
deprived of one of its most effective members. The circumstances of
his decease were peculiarly affecting. Mr. Bullen had been appointed to
proceed to the West to attempt, in conjunction with others, the forma-
tion of a Mission in the Island of Faté, one of the New Hebrides. When
his preparations for that important undertaking were nearly completed,
and the arrival of the vessel to convey the party to their destination was
at hand, his life was suddenly terminated by an attack of angina pec-
toris, on the 24th of March, 1848. He bore his severe sufferings with exem-
plary patience, and his end was peace. He died at Leone, the station
which he and his devoted wife occupied for a period of five years, after
labouring at Vaiee and Upolu for about two years. The Missionaries,
in recording the death of Mr. Bullen, bear cordial testimony to the zeal
and faithfulness which marked his course, and to the affectionate esteem
in which he was held by all the members of the mission, as well as to
their sincere grief at his early removal.

In consequence of the death of Mr. Bullen, no report of the station
could be furnished; but the charge of this sphere of labour has tempora-
rily devolved on Mr. Murray.

THe Missionary SHIP.

The “John Williams” having, as stated in the last Annual Report,
reached Cape Town on the outward voyage, on the 2nd of January, 1848,
proceeded thence to Hobart Town, and arrived on the 24th of the follow-
ing month. The Missionaries on board gladly embraced the opportunity
of holding several interesting services with the Christian friends in that
place, who received them with the utmost cordiality and kindness, and
by whose society they were exceedingly refreshed and animated. Leav-
ing Hobart Town, the ship sailed direct for Tahiti, arrived there early in
April, and afterwards visited in succession the different islands of the
Georgian, Socicty, Hervey, and Samoan groups.

On the 3rd of July, the “John Williams” proceeded on her visitation of
the various islands of the New Hebrides Group, thence to New Cale-
donia and Savage Island, returning again to Samoa early in September.

On the occasion of this visit to the New Hebrides, the Rev. John
Geddie and Mr. Archibald, with their families, from Nova Scotia, ac-
companied by our brother, the Rev. T. Powell, from Samoa, and a band
of native teachers, were located on the Island of Anatom, which appear-
ed the best adapted for the commencement of a regular Kuropean Mis-
sion to bear on the interests of the whole Group.

The brethren named above were accompanied to their field of labour
by the Rey. Messrs. Turner and Nisbet, who, since their return to

Samoa, have furnished an interesting account of the voyage; and its de-
tails shew, that, notwithstanding many and serious obstacles hitherto
opposed to the progress of the Gospel in these westerly groups, there 1s



46 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849,
still strong ground to hope that the energetic efforts now in progress, to
bring the benighted inhabitants of these remote islands to the knowledge
of Christ, will be blessed to the salvation of many.
CHINA.
Honc-Kona.
Rev. James Leccsr, D.D., Rev. Witr1am GintEsrim, Rev. B. Kay, Rev. T, Gin-

. FILLAN; Mr. J. H. Hinscusere, Medical Missionary.

In the month of July last, Dr. Legge, who had been on a visit to
England, accompanied by Mr. Kay and Mr. Gilfillan, arrived in safety
at this station.

The regular public services comprise preaching on the Sabbath three
times in Chinese, and twice in English ; preaching in Chinese twice
during the week ; besides a daily exposition of the Scriptures, conducted
by the Native Evangelist, Tsin-Shen, which experience has proved a most
useful and instructive service. There is also an English Prayer Meeting
and Lecture on Wednesday evening, and a Chinese Prayer Meeting on
the evening of Saturday.

Dr. Hirschberg has been indefatigable in his efforts to render his me-
dical skill subservient to the advancement of the Gospel. He has three
dispensing stations, in addition to the hospital, under his care: one at
Cowlung, on the main land; one at the Bazar Chapel; and one in the
large village of Shet-Kai-Wan, on the island. In his visits to each of
these he is attended by the Evangelist, Agong, and the colporteur,
A-luk, who, with the other native agents, manifest great ardour and
diligence, and render most valuable service in communicating religious
instruction to their countrymen.

On the 12th of November four Chinamen, of whom three had been
pupils in the school, were received to the Christian Church by the ordi-
nance of baptism; and, on the second Sabbath of the present year, the
Missionaries had the pleasure of admitting two others to the like privi-
lege. The number of Chinese communicants at this station has, by
these accessions, been increased ‘to nineteen, exclusive of three who have
removed to Canton, and have become fellow-labourers in the Gospel, in
connexion with the brethren in that city. The number of English com-
municants at Union Chapel is eighteen.

The Chinese School for boys contains twenty-four pupils, in addition to
the three native converts who accompanied Dr. Legge on his recent
visit to this country. The school under the care of Mrs, Legge contains
seven girls, -

The construction of type has been prosecuted through the year on an
extensive scale. A large fount has been completed, and is now in con-
stant use in printing for the Tract Society. The punches of the small
fount have been made to the number of 1800, together with 1200 ma-
trices struck from these and now ready to be used for casting. The
small fount will also be shortly completed, and then the type-founding
will begin to remunerate the Society, instead of occasioning an expendi-
ture of its funds.



1849. ] SHANGHAE. 47
CANTON.
Rev. J. F. Creuanp; Dr, Hopson, Medical Missionary.

In February of last year, Dr. Hobson arrived at Canton, and succeed-
ed, after some difficulty, in renting a large and commodious native house,
which he has fitted up partly as his residence, and partly as a chapel and
dispensary. The house is situated in a healthy locality, in the neigh-
bourhood called Kun-le-You (the Golden Profit Mart), joining a part of
the western suburbs, which are several miles in extent and constitute
the most respectable portion of Canton.

Upon his first arrival, Dr. Hobson experienced much opposition from the
prejudices of the people, and could not venture to appear in the public
streets ; but since the benevolence of his object has become known, he has
suffered no molestation, but for the most part has been treated with
courtesy and kindness.

Dr. Hobson has found in Leang-a-fah a most valuable helper. This
venerable Evangelist, who is listened to with marked attention, continues
boldly to preach the Gospel, and to denounce every form of idolatry and
superstition.

Four or five other native assistants have been appointed to various
spheres of useful labour in the Mission.

The attendance on the hospital, especially throughout the summer
months, has been numerous, and the Institution itself enjoys an extending
reputation; the best proof of which is found in the long distances from
which the patients come, and their frequent returns after lengthened
intervals. Several important operations have been performed, and relief
afforded to many hundreds of persons.

Every Sabbath-day a public religious service is held in the hospital,
conducted by Dr. Hobson and the Native Evangelist, Afa. The average
attendance is about 100 persons. When Mrs. Hobson is able to be
present, Chinese women also attend. The service consists in prayer and
singing, reading and exposition of the Scriptures. Tracts are distributed
at the close of the service. Three mornings in the week Afa preaches
to the patients.

With a view to strengthen the infant cause at Canton, Dr. Hobson
was joined, in September last, by Mr. Cleland, from Hong-Kong. He
succeeded in hiring a house for his accommodation in an eligible part of
the city; but as soon as the fact became known, it excited so serious a
ferment among the populace, that the landlord of the house retracted
his engagement, and Mr. Cleland was compelled to seek refuge in the
English Factories. There is, however, every reason to hope that he will
eventually succeed in obtaining a more favourable location for bringing
his Missionary labours to bear with effect upon the native population. —

SHANGHAE.

Rev. W. H. Mepuurst, D.D., Rev. W. C. Mitne, Rev. WILLIAM MurruagaD, Rev.
BENJ. SOUTHWELL, A.B., Rev. J. Epkins; Mr. WiLtIAM Lockuwart, Medical
Missionary; Mr. A. WYLIE, Superintendent of the Press.

The Missionaries at this station continue to labour, in hope of a time
of refreshing from the presence of the Lord, when His Spirit shall descend



48 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849.
on the valley of vision, and breathe life and health into the multitudes
around, who are dead in trespasses and sins. The obstacles to success
are not found in any deep-seated veneration on the part of the people
for their idolatrous system: its puerile ceremonies minister to their
amusement, but it has little or no hold upon their affections. The real
difficulty originates in their utter worldliness of mind, rendering them
indifferent to those appeals which the Gospel makes to the heart and
the understanding. | |

The public preaching of the Word has been assiduously prosecuted,
and the regular chapel-services are not unfrequently attended by a nu-
merous and attentive auditory. Shanghae being a great mart for trade,
vast numbers resort thither from all parts of the country. Of these,
many find their way to the chapel, and hear, for the first time, the mes-
sage of salvation. To what extent it may have exercised any abiding
influence on their minds has not become manifest, but the Missionaries
have observed with pleasure, that not a few of these casual attendants
on the services have come of their own accord to inquire for Christian
books, and with the professed intention «f carrying them to their distant
homes.

Mr. John Stronach, who is engaged at this station on the revision of
the Scriptures, has recently commenced a Chinese Service, in a room
capable of accommodating 150 persons. He preaches there daily in the
Fokien Dialect, while Dr. Medhurst and Mr. Milne preach twice a week
in the native dialect. Both services have been so well attended, that
the Missionaries have resolved, as opportunity offers, to increase the
number of such meetings in different parts of the city.

The itinerant labours of the Mission have been continued during the
year, both in the neighbourhood and at a distance. Wang-shan-yet, the
Native Colporteur, in addition to his frequent visits to the chapel, made
a journey late in the year to Hang-chou, a large and populous district
about 150 mules from Shanghae. He met with every encouragement in
his work, and enjoyed the utmost facility in circulating books and
tracts; and, according to his testimony, there is a wide and inviting field
for Christian enterprise in every part of the interior.

Though restrictions exist on the Admission of foreigners, Native Assist-
ants may go, not only freely, but with the assurance of welcome, and pro-
claim to the countless multitudes the Word of Life. The Missionaries
have likewise, as formerly, made occasional visits to the interior, within
the prescribed limits ; and the inhabitants of the various cities, towns, and
villages have, for the most part, treated them with courtesy, and, on
becoming aware of their object, evinced great anxiety to obtain copies of
their books and tracts. The following is a brief extract from their
Journal, in illustration of what has now been stated :—

‘Went to Lung-hwa, a village about six miles distant. It is a place of small
consequence in itself, but, as connected with Shanghae, it is rendered famous by an
annual feast that is held there. On occasion of the feast a great crowd of people
were assembled, to whom we gave tracts, and preached. We witnessed the
servile prostrations of the worshippers, consisting chiefly of women and children.
The priests appeared a very degraded set of men, whose professed and manifest
object was merely to obtain a sufficiency of rice for their support. In their presence
we spoke fully and fearlessly about them, to the evident gratification of the people,
who also listened attentively to the message of life and salvation, The idols and



1849. ] AMOY. 49
temples were in asad state of disrepair, though we do not look upon that ag any con-
clusive proof of the decline of idolatry.”

In the first six months of the year, the following tracts and books
were printed by the Mission-press, viz. :—

Gospel of Matthew, in the local dialect . ; 3000 Copies.

Tract on the Divine Perfections. , ; 9000 ez,

Commentary on the Ten Commandments . 9000 __,,

Gospel Sayings . . ; 6000 se,

Two Friends . ; , , . 10,000 _,,

Gate of the Church . ; . . 4500 __,,

Peace in Death. , , , , 9000 __,,

Tract on Repentance. ; ; 3400 __,,

Hospital Reports , . ; , 300 ,,

English and Chinese Dictionary to page 1038 .. 600,

Inquiry on the proper mode of translating the \ 400

Word “God” in the Chinese Scriptures. ”?

Since the date of the last report, the Church at this station has re-
ceived an accession in the person of a native doctor from Chow-poo, a
town situated about fourteen miles south-east of Shanghae. For a
considerable time he had manifested an earnest desire to make a public
profession of his faith in Christ ; and, accordingly, after a preparatory
course of instruction, and affording satisfactory evidence of the purity of
his motives, he was admitted to the rite of baptism in the Chinese Cha-
pel, at Shanghae, on the 19th of December, 1847, in the presence of
hundreds of his countrymen, who were much struck with the ceremony,
and many of whom testified their approbation.

The medical department of the Mission has been carried on as usual,
under the superintendence of Dr. Lockhart. A large namber of patients
have been attended to, and a greater number of accidents have been ad-
mitted into the hospital than at any former period.

Prayer every morning in Chinese, and daily service at twelve o'clock,
have been continued in the hospital as before, by Dr. Medhurst and Mr.
Milne, alternately; and thus many persons, both among the patients
and their friends, are brought under the sound of the Gospel, who pro-
bably would not otherwise hear it.

The Revision of the Chinese New Testament has been laboriously pro-
secuted, and with every prospect of an early completion.

The strength of this Mission has been augmented during the past
year by the accession of the Rev. Joseph Edkins; Miss Evans (now Mrs.
Muirhead) ; and Miss Hanson (now Mrs. Wylie); who arrived at Shang-
hac on the 2nd of September.

AMOY.
Rev. JoHN Strronacu, Rev. ALEXANDER Srronacn, Rev. WILLIAM Younca; Mr.
JAMES Hystop, Medical Missionary.

In consequence of the detention of Mr. John Stronach, at Shanghae,

in connection with the Revision of the Chinese Scriptures, and the ab-
E



50 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [ 1849.
sence of Mr. and Mrs. Young on occasion of their visit to England, Mr.
Alexander Stronach was alone at this station during the greater part of
the year. With the kind aid of the American Missionary Brethren, our
brother carried on the good work without any serious interruption; and
on the 2nd of September he had the pleasure of welcoming Mr. and Mrs.
Young, on their return to the station.

On the 5th of December, they were joined by Mr. James Hyslop, Me-
dical Missionary, and his wife, who left England in company with Mr.
and Mrs. Young, but had been detained at Hong-Kong by unavoidable
circumstances.

The labours of the year at this station have been blessed to the
conversion of three native Chinese, and their subsequent reception to
Church-fellowship. (Vide p. 20).

Among those who regularly attend the means of grace, there are five
Chinese candidates for the rite of baptism.

In October last Mrs. Young recommenced her Chinese Female School,
which, at the close of the year, contained fifteen children, varying in
age from five to thirteen years. Six of them board in the house, and
the other nine are day-scholars. The number of boarders might be
greatly increased if funds allowed, as Mrs. Young has received far
more numerous applications than she can entertain. This school,
besides the important benefits derived from it to the pupils, is also a
means of increasing the attendance on the weekly service for females ;
for not only do the parents of the children come, but they often
bring with them their female neighbours and acquaintances; and thus
the opportunity is presented of preaching the Gospel to a large as-
sembly, composed of a class whose mental and moral degradation call,
not only for the deepest commiseration, but the most energetic, perse-
vering, and prayerful efforts.

SINGAPORE,

In consequence of the augmenting claims of China, the Directors have
been compelled, though with great reluctance, to relinquish their station
in Singapore. Since the departure Of Mr. Stronach, in 1846, Mr. Keas-
berry has continued with exemplary zeal and devotedness to proclaim
the Word of Life to the Malay part of the population. His labours, es-
pecially among the young, have been attended with an encouraging
measure of success; and so highly have his services been appreciated by
both the British residents and the natives, that the Directors are not
without the hope, that commensurate efforts will be made by the friends
of the Redeemer at Singapore, for sustaining Mr. Keasberry in his evan-
gelical labours.

NORTHERN INDIA.
CALCUTTA.

Rev. A. F. Lacrorx, Rev. GEorcE Munpy, Rev. J. H. Parker, Rev. JosEPu
MULLENS, Rev. E. Srorrow, Rev. Wittiam H. Hitz; Rev. Tuomas Boaz, Mi-
nester of Union Chapel.

Kammakal-Choke and Gungree.—These two native villages, still under
the superintendence of Mr. Lacroix, have been regularly visited by him



1849. | — CALCUTTA. 51
every Sabbath, and one day m the week. Public worship has generally
been well attended, the Church-meetings have been held, and the ordi-
nances administered, with regularity ; and it is a pleasing fact, that, in
few instances only, has Church-discipline been found necessary. With
all this, the pastor has still to lament the comparatively low state of spi-
ritual feeling, and the want of Christian experience among the converts.

At Gumgree, 14 native converts have been received into the Church
by baptism, and their infant children were dedicated to the Lord
at the same time with themselves. The native catechists and school-
teachers have afforded Mr. Lacroix much satisfaction by the man-
ner in which they have discharged their respective duties. They have
kept up the profitable practice of reading monthly to him a journal of
their daily proceedings.

The Vernacular Schools, im connexion with these stations, m which both
the children of the native Christians and heathen children are instructed,
have been efficiently sustained, and the pupils are 110 im number.

Mr. Lacroix, during the greater part of the year, has had residing
on his premises two young native Christians, to whom he has been
imparting theological and general instruction, to improve their quali-
fications for the Missionary work. One of them, who hac been cate-
chist at Balika Hati, has been re-appointed to that station, while the
other, formerly teacher in the Gungree School, continues under the care
of Mr. Lacroix, who expresses much satisfaction with his piety and the
progress he has made in his studies, and also with the services he has
rendered in conversing with inquirers who visit him at his own regi-
dence.

Mr. Lacroix has also been employed in conducting through the Press a
new edition of the Gospels of Matthew, Luke, and John, in Bengalee,
for the Calcutta Bible Society ; and, in conjunction with Dr. Duff, has
superintended the printing of the Book of Isaiah, in Bengalee, for the
same Society.

The Church-members at Rammakal-Choke and Gungree unitedly,
are 180 m number.

Balha Hati.—At this distant station, also under the general super-
intendence of Mr. Lacroix, Divine service has been conducted every
Lord’s Day by one of the senior members of the Church. The station
was visited by the Missionary during the year, in company with a native
student; and their services proved of great advantage, and afforded no
small delight to these secluded people. The number of professing Chris-
tians is about 60, and the school continues to be well attended.

The estate of Balhka Hat, in common with others in the Sunder-
bunds, was visited in October last by a severe flood, which destroyed a
great part of the crops on which the poor ryots (or farmers) were de-
pending for subsistence ; but it is a pleasing fact, that, no sooner were
the members of the native congregation at Gurgree apprised of the ca-
lamity which had befallen their Christian brethren, than they spon-
tancously raised a subscription for their relief.

Preaching in Calcutta and is Vicinity.—The Gospel bas been pro-
claimed almost every day of the week in the chapels at Bhowantpore,

EZ



D2 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [ 1849.
Bow-Bazar, Tontonia, Simla, and Chitpore Road, by Messrs. Lacroix,
Parker, and Mullens.

The attention paid to their addresses has been encouraging, and often
has it afforded them satisfaction to watch the countenances of many of
their hearers, exhibiting indubitable signs of their deep interest in the
truths announced.

Mr. Parker has continued to visit the two Vernacular Schools at
Sonai and Shorts Bazar, while the Chitlah School has been efficiently
superintended by the Catechist at Bhowanipore. The number of pupils
in these three schools, unitedly, is 171.

Itinerancies.—In the month of November, Mr. Lacroix proceeded up
the river as far as Moorshedahad, and had several good opportunities of
preaching the Gospel, and of distributing tracts and portions of the
Scriptures. At Nuddea he met by appointment 14 learned Pundits,
with whom he had a most interesting and protracted discussion, which
he hopes left a good impression upon their minds.

In January Mr. Mullens and the Catechist Ram Chundra proceeded
up the Hooghly to the district of Krishnagur. When on the river, they
had many opportunities of preaching and distributing tracts. Having
stayed a few days among the stations of the Church Missionary Society
in Krishnagur, they proceeded, in company with one of the Missionaries
of that Institution, to the north part of the district along the Matabanga
River, and during several days embraced the excellent opportunities
presented to them of preaching in many large villages seldom visited
by Missionaries.

A similar tour was undertaken by Mr. Parker about the same time,
up the rivers Matabanga and Bhairah, and with like results. At
Sibnibas, the residence of the celebrated Rajah, Krishna Chundra Koy,
tracts were eagerly received by the Brahmins, whom they found in daily
attendance on the few idols which survive amidst the ruins of the many
temples that are strewed around. At another place, Mr. Parker was
invited to the house of a wealthy zemindar, and there introduced to a
company of ten or twelve baboos belonging to the principal families of
the place, with whom he conversed for some time on religious subjects.

Cooly Bazar.—On the arrival of Messrs. Storrow and Hill at Cal-
cutta, Mr. Parker resigned into their hands the charge of this out-
station. 4

On the Lord’s Day, only one service had been held, and that in the
evening ; but the congregation has so increased that our brethren have
been encouraged to begin a Sabbath-morning service, which has afforded
much satisfaction to the people who have attended ; while there is reason
to believe that, in addition to outward signs of prosperity, the preaching
of the truth has in some instances been productive of real spiritual good.

The number of scholars in attendance on the Sabbath-school, under
the superintendence of Mrs. Mullens and Mrs. Vos, is about 35.

Bhowamnpore Chrisian Institution.—During the year every depart-
ment of effort in connexion with this Institution, and its affiliated
schools, has been carried on as usual, and many proofs have been fur-



1849. ] CALCUTTA. 03
nished that collectively they form one of the most promising branches
of our Mission in this city. No change has been introduced into the
system on which they are based, as the conviction remains in full force
that it is well calculated to further the cause of Missions in Bengal.

The increasing number of those who seek the benefits of the Institu-
tion—the earnestness and diligence with which many have pursued
their studies for years—the increasing influence which Christian Truth
is seen to exert upon those who know it best—the diminished regard
they feel for the creed of their forefathers—and the conviction they
generally entertain, that the Bible is a revelation from God,—these are
s0 many encouragements to perseverance in the work of education, and
lead the Missionaries to improve this means of usefulness to the utmost
of their power.

The main object of Mr. Boaz in visiting this country has been to
advocate the interests of the Bhowampore Christian Institution; and,
from the successful progress of his efforts, it 1s confidently anticipated
that the sum of 5,000/., required for the erection of new buildings, will
shortly be realised. In the meanwhile, ground has been secured in
an eligible locality, and arrangements are in progress for the actual com-
mencement of this important undertaking.

Since their arrival from England, Messrs. Storrow and Hill have taken
part in the labours of the Institution, and 1t now enjoys the services of
four Missionaries. It contained 452 scholars at the date of the report,
but during certain months of the year the number exceeded 500. In
the branch-school at Bahala the number is 142—at Balliganj, 110.

The ordinances have been regularly administered in the native Church
at Bhowanipore. The congregation meets twice on the Sabbath, and
worship is held daily with the Christian portion of the young people
resident at the station. Though no striking fruits have yet appeared,
the services of the sanctuary have been attended with regularity, and
the Word has been attentively heard. The number of members in Church-
fellowship is ten.

Mrs. Mullens has continued the weekly class opened in the preceding
year for the instruction of the Christian women.

In the Native Female Boarding School, the elder girls have much im-
proved during the year. They have read the whole of Dr. Yates’s
Sarsangraha, and Mrs. Heeberlin’s Bible History ; besides Geography,
and several books of Scripture. The younger ones, as formerly, have
committed to memory Bible narratives, passages of Scripture, and hymns.

English Preachang.—At the commencement of the year, the Rev. Micaiah
Hill, who, on the departure of Mr. Boaz, had taken the pastorate at
Union Chapel, was declining in health, and ill able to bear the labour
arising from the charge of the church. On their arrival, therefore, in
Calcutta, in March of last year, Mr. W. H. Hill and Mr. Storrow assist-
ed him by taking the Sabbath-evening service. Increased debility,
hewever, soon constrained Mr. H. to relinquish his charge, and, in the
beginning of November, he proceeded to the upper provinces in search
of a more invigorating climate ; but, after no long interval, our excellent
and devoted brother sunk under his malady. On the 3rd of February



54 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849..
he died, in a native boat on the Ganges, about 20 miles below Benares,
whither he was then proceeding. Mr. Storrow has assumed the pastoral
charge at Union Chapel until the return of Mr. Boaz.

It is gratifying to remark, that the Ladtes’ Associahion and the Juve-
nile Soctety, connected with the Bengal Auxiliary, have persevered in their
benevolent exertions under no small amount of difficulty, and have col-
lected for Missionary purposes a sum larger than that of any former year.

Krishnapore.—The state of division, which characterised the native
converts at this station m former years, and has seriously interfered
with the progress of the cause of God, still unhappily prevails. Owing
to this circumstance, the ordinance of the Lord’s Supper was not ad-
ministered by Mr. Parker for several months during the early part of
the year ; but, from symptoms of improvement which subsequently ap-
peared, it was resumed in the month of August, and has since been re-
gularly administered. The ordinary services of the Sabbath have been
continued either by the pastor or by the resident catechist without in-
terruption. The entire number of professing Christians connected with
the place is 95, including 12 Church-members.

The adults who are able to read meet together as a Bible-class for an
hour before public worship on the Sabbath.

Besides visiting the station on the Lord’s Day, Mr. Parker has gene-
rally gone once a week to examine the school, containing 20 children ;
and also to maintain a friendly intercourse with the people and converse
with them in their own dwellings.

CHINSURAH. |
Rev. JAMES BRADBURY.

Divine service has been held in the English chapel once a week, and
the number of the congregation has been encouraging.

Preaching to the heathen, and the distribution of the Sacred Scriptures
and tracts, have been continued as in former years.

The Bengalee School contains 100 pupils, whose time is diligently
spent in the acquisition of general and religious knowledge. The elder
boys have been conducted through the Gospel of St. John, and the
younger have learnt the First Catechism.

At the commencement of 1847, Mr. Bradbury commenced an English
and Vernacular School, with about 70 boys. Through the assistance of
friends, the school was maintained until April of last year, when, for
want of adequate funds for its support, it was closed. Our brother
would be rejoiced to re-commence this school, could he obtain the neces-
sary funds.

In connexion with the English Female School, God is manifesting
His favour. Two of the pupils have become new creatures in Christ
Jesus—one of them has been received into the Church, and the other
will shortly be admitted ; while there are several others of whose conver-
sion the most cheering hopes are indulged. The number in attendance
in this school, which at the close of 1847 only amounted to 12, has in-
creased to 57 ; and, from the proficiency of the pupils, and their favour-.



1849. | BERHAMPORE. 5d
able disposition towards religion, its general prospects are highly satis-
factory and encouraging.

‘Though at first,” remarks Mr. Bradbury, “‘the parents were reluctant to send
their children, they now very willingly avail themselves of the privilege. A short
time ago, a man brought his little girl, and said, ‘ Take her; she is yours.’ The
parents of another, who was sick, sent for the teacher to go and see her. She went,
had an interesting conversation with the child, and embraced the opportunity
of speaking to the friends and relations who surrounded the little sufferer. They
took what was said in good part, and, from the attention they paid, appeared to be
much interested. Thus the truths of redemption become known to mothers of fa-
milies, who, precluded from mixing in general society, pass their days in profound
ignorance of everything relating to their spiritual welfare.”

The Directors are gratified to state, that, having been led to relinquish
this station in consequence of the inadequate resources of the Society,
arrangements have been made for its transfer to the Free Church of
Scotland, on the completion of which Mr. and Mrs. Bradbury will remove
to Berhampore.

BERHAMPORE.
Rev. JAMES PATERSON. Rev. T. L. LEssEt.

In company with the Catechists, Mr. Lessel has preached to the hea-
then three days in each week, principally at the native chapel, and tracts
and portions of Scripture have, on these occasions, been largely distri-
buted. The mela, or fair, at Cheltea, near Berhampore, was visited as
usual in April by the Missionary and the Catechists, when, for 15 days,
multitudes, both of Hindoos and Mussulmans, heard the Gospel, and
long and animated discussions were held in relation to the claims and
merits of Christianity, as compared either with Mahommedanism or
Hindooism. ‘These varied efforts for the dissemination of the seed of
Divine Truth, if unproductive of immediate fruits, will, it may be de-
voutly hoped, ultimately redound to the glory of God in the salvation
of souls.

The Native Christians at this station are about 100 in number, and
among these the Missionary has regularly held forth the Word of Life on
the Sabbath and two days during the week; but it has not been his
privilege to record any marked improvement in the tone or depth of
their piety. May the Lord of the harvest pour out His life-giving influ-
ences upon this feeble flock, and enable those who have named the name
of Christ to shew forth His praise in a course of holy obedience and
active zeal !

The Orphan Asylum has contained during the year seven boys and
seven girls. After their school-exercises in the morning, and family
worship, when Mr. Lessel also expounds the Scriptures, those of the
children who can work have been employed in the manufacture of tape.
One of the boys has commenced the study and practice of medicine
under the Civil Surgeon of the station, and two have been instructed in
tlre English School.

The English Service on the Sabbath has been but thinly attended.
The chapel has undergone extensive repairs; the friends residing at the
station contributing liberally towards defraying the expenses.

The pupils in the Native English School, 45 in number, have been



56 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849.
constantly instructed during the year in the great doctrines of Christi-
anity; in addition to which they are also taught Algebra, Euclid, the
Histories of England and Bengal, Geography, and English Grammar; in
all of which their progress is highly satisfactory.
BENARES.
Rev. J. A. SHURMAN, Rev. JAMES KENNEDY, M.A.; Mr. JosepH Beppy, Head
Teacher of Central School.

The devoted labourers in this portion of the vineyard have continued,
as in former years, to scatter with a liberal hand the precious seed of
Divine Truth; and, although the ample harvest, which can alone satisfy
their hopes and desires, seems yet remote, their labours have not been
in vain in the Lord.

The general conduct of the Native Christians has been satisfactory.

‘‘There are some among them,” observe our brethren, ‘“‘ who, by the clear exhibi-
tion of the Christian character, refresh our hearts ; while others, though regular in
their attendance on public worship, and correct in their deportment, are chayrac-
terised by a worldliness of spirit which we earnestly desire to see giving place to
the excellence enjoined in the Word of God. Regarding these, we cannot but
sometimes fear that they have merely the name of Christian; while, at other
times, traits are presented to our view, which bear the marks of Christian prin-
ciple. |

‘“It has been our happiness, during the past year, to discern these traits, on more
than one occasion, in persons in whom we had scarcely hoped to find them. One, of
whom we had no high opinion, has steadily resisted the vigorous efforts made by his
nearest relations to draw him back to the religion of his fathers, and has several
times hidden himself to escape their importunity. He has ceased to hold inter-
course with them, finding it could not be maintained without exposure to constant
and vehement entreaty to leave the Christian community.

‘‘Others have, in trying circumstances, shewn a command of temper, and a
readiness to acknowledge wherein they have offended, which have agreeably sur-
prised us. For the encouragement thus afforded we are thankful, and we desire
to be stirred up by it to seek more assiduously and prayerfully than ever the
spiritual improvement of our people.”

The Native Church has received enly one accession during the past
year, but there are three applications for admission to communion, and
these of an encouraging kind.

In the beginning of July, a Native Missionary Society was formed in
connexion with the Parent Society. The measure was cordially entered
upon by the native brethren, who put down their names as subscribers
and appointed one of their number to act as treasurer. It is their in-
tention to send out, on a preaching-tour in the district, one or two
of their number, whose expenses they will pay, and from whom, on
their return, they will receive an account of their labours. As the
Native Christians are few, and their means very scanty, their contribu-
tions must necessarily be small ; but the very habit of giving for such an
object cannot but have a beneficial effect, as tending to keep before them
the obligations they owe to redeeming love, to make them look with
Increasing pity on their countrymen perishing in sin, and lead them
to attach a higher value to the privileges which themselves enjoy.

The public services for the benefit of the Native Christians, and of
those who assemble with them, have been regularly conducted as in
former years.



1849. | BENARES. 57

The orphan-boys, supported and educated by the Mission, are nine in
number. Of the four who have been adopted during the past year, two
are the sons of a poor widow ; and the other two are boys taken from the
streets. During a part of the year, the orphans attended the Central School,
but it was subsequently considered advisable to make arrangements for
having them taught in the compound; by which, in addition to oppor-
tunities for mental and religious improvement, the learning of a trade
might be vigorously prosecuted. One of the young men, under train-
ing for the office of Native Catechist, was appointed to conduct their
school-instruction during the earlier hours of the day, leaving the after-
noon to be devoted to working at a trade. This plan has been found to
answer well. The boys are acquiring habits of diligence, and are making
fair progress.

The orphan-girls, under the charge of Mrs. Kennedy, nine in number,
have also made gratifying progress. Mrs. K. reports that, in several of
the girls, there is much that is pleasing. Their love to the Sacred Scrip-
tures, and delight in reading Christian biographies and other books of a
religious tendency printed in their language, encourage the hope that
the Lord is drawing them to Himself.

The Central School is surrounded by the most respectable portion of
the native population, and the greater number of the pupils are of high
caste, though the Institution is open to all. There are 189 names on
the list. At the close of the year, a number of the elder boys left the
school, to enter on the active duties of life, with the full approbation .-
of the Missionaries, and with their best wishes for their future hap-
piness and usefulness. A lad, when leaving, generally brings his father,
and both father and son express their warmest thanks for the instruc-
tion received.

Mr. Joseph Beddy has been appointed Head-Master of the school,
and will give his chief attention to instruction in the English Language,
though not to the exclusion of the Vernacular.

The following notice of the Annual Examination of the Central School
appeared in the Benares Recorder of December 16th :—

“The Examination ofthe school was held on Wednesday last. We were both grati-
fied and surprised by the result of the Examination. The intelligence of some
of the boys, and the correctness of all, are indeed remarkable. The latter charac-
terestic is evidently a reflex from their teacher, the Rev. Mr. Shurman, to whom
the state of the Institution is highly creditable. Several of the gentlemen present
took part in the Examination, with the result of which they appear to have been
much pleased.”

The Branch-schools are six in number, comprising an ageregate at-
tendance of 276 pupils.

The total number of children, male and female, under instruction at
this station, is 502.

Preaching to the heathen continues to occupy a prominent place in
the labours of the Mission. On the Monday evening the Missionaries,
with some of their people, go together to Koda-Kt-Chauki, and preach
the Gospel to considerable numbers ; on Thursday evening, Bhairanath
Chapel is occupied, where the attendance is often large and encouraging ;
and one of the Missionaries generally spends the morning of the day in
visiting the Branch-schools, not only to instruct the boys, but to preach



58 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
to the passers-by and to those who visit the schools. In these labours
he has, during the past year, received valuable aid from the Native |
Catechist Jseaidas, who preaches the Gospel with clearness, force, and
fidelity.

On account of entire failure of health, Mr. Watt was compelled to
leave the station and return to this country, where he arrived on the
2nd of October last.

MIRZAPORE,
Rev. R. C. Mature, M.A,, Rev. J. H. Buppren, Rev. M. W. Wou.asron ; T'.
ARTOPE and W. GLEN, Assistant Missionaries.

The usual report from this station has not been received, but the
following extract of a letter from Mr. Wollaston, who reached Mir-
zapore from England in April, 1848, furnishes a general view of the
state and progress of the Mission :— | |

‘‘On returning to the station, I was struck with its changed appearance. Two
new bungalows had been built, one for Mr. Budden, the other for Mr. Artope.
A third, on a smaller scale, was also in course of erection for Mirza, our Cate-
chist ; whilst the foundations were marked out for a village, to consist of some
ten or twelve houses, for Native Christians. The Christian Families have in-
creased considerably since my departure: besides four orphans that have been
married, there are three other families added to our number. A new generation is
springing up—the offspring of our orphans. These will go on increasing in number
until our Compound is filled. In the absence of converts from the heathen
around, it is pleasing to see this infant-colony of Christians, the care of which will
greatly occupy our attention. To a considerable extent, indeed, they do so at
present.

“The Infant School is an institution that promises to be of great service: it fur-
nishes ready means of instruction for all our younger orphans, as well as for the
children of our married ones. Some of these latter are already among the scholars.
The Free School is a handsome building, capable of containing from 800 to 400
children. At present, about 100 attend; but I hope, ere long, our numbers will be
greatly augmented, and the natives of Mirzapore be enabled to realise the benefits
of education.” |

By a communication from Mr. Mather, it appears that a Vatwe Mis-
stonary Society had been set on foot at the station ; that its first anni-
versary was held in November last; and that it had collected upwards of
80 rupees. He further states, that the printing operations, in connexion
with the Mission, are in vigorous and successful progress.

Mani-Kanrtita.
Rev. WM. CLARKSON. ~” Rev. Jos. V. S. Taytor, B.A.

In last sport it was stated, that our brethren, Messrs. Clarkson and
Taylor, had thought it desirable to alter the site of this Mission, and had
removed from Baroda to Dhevan, on the banks of the I/ali-Kantha,
(Mye River), from which they have named the station where they now
labour. There they have been enabled to prosecute the plan, which they
had formed, of founding a Christian Village. Six substantial brick
houses have been erected for the accommodation of the converts. The
expense of these buildings, and also of the purchase of the land on which
they are erected, has been met by the liberal contributions of English
friends in India. The Missionaries have also procured from Govern-
ment about 60 acres of land, on a lease of 30 years, for cultivation by



1849.] MAHI-KANTHA. 59
the Christian Colonists or Settlers. These at present consist of five
families, comprising 21 individuals. Towards the close of 1848, they
reaped their first harvest of millet, rice, &c.; and, upon the completion
of a capacious well, which is in course of preparation for the purpose of
irrigation, the Settlers will, it is expected, be able to support themselves
entirely, and to afford occupation to other Christian Families who may
join them.

Itinerary labours have been conducted in the several villages in various
directions, by the Native Readers, with exemplary perseverance and
devotedness. One of them, with much Christian courage, performed a
tour of 100 miles, on foot, through the country of the Bhils, an abo-
riginal tribe, among whom he experienced a kind reception. In Naval,
where there were some baptized persons of low caste, the high caste
Teachers behaved with great decision and self-denial. Exposing them-
selves to the insults of the people, who refused to touch them on account
of their intercourse with the low castes, they went fearlessly into their
dwellings to afford Christian instruction to the inmates.

A series of tracts, on the fundamental truths of the Gospel, has been
prepared and issued by our brethren; having been printed by the Press
of the Irish Presbyterian Mission at Surat. The New Translation of the
five Historical Books of the New Testament, made by the late Mr. Flower
and Mr. Clarkson, having been adopted by the Committee for Goojurattee
Translations, is printing at Bombay, and several other useful School-books
are being translated.

Three of the native believers, two of whom were zealous and effective
teachers, have been removed by death. The first of these, after an
illness of several months, died in the Mission Compound at Baroda, and,
in reference to his departure, the brethren observe :—

‘¢ An European friend, who visited him in his illness, has testified to his full belief
that our native brother died in the Lord; that, to his latest moment, he evidently
had his faith and hope fixed upon Christ ; that his mind was weaned from the world ;
and that he was really desirous to enter on that heavenly inheritance which he be-
lieved that Christ had prepared for him.”

A. still more interesting case was that of Ramdas, a Native Teacher,
one of the six converts baptized in 1844.

‘‘ His itinerant labours,” the brethren remark, ‘in the rainy season of 1847, laid
the foundation of pulmonary disease, and this was highly aggravated by the neglect
and heartless treatment he experienced in his own house. His wife and mother-in-
law sought to distress him in every possible way, in the vain hope that their un-
kindness would tend to separate him from the Christian community. But their
continued ill-treatment, combined with the bitter revilings of the people of his village,
forced him to leave his home and to take up his abode with the Missionaries. This
was a happy circumstance for him, for, with us, he found that quiet of body and com-
fort of soul which he could find nowhere else. From the time that he renounced the
world, he became exceedingly happy and strongly attached to the ways of religion. The
Bread of God which came down from heaven was his daily food and delight. He
found Christ to be an all-sufficient portion—an infinite compensation for the losses
he had sustained in the deprivation of wife, house, and lands. His copy of the
New Testament was his constant companion. On asking him if he feared to die,
he said—‘ Christ has died for us. If we are found in Him, we shall never perish.
He rose again—we shall rise also!’ This was the language of his hope and faith ;
but he, nevertheless, felt at times like Bunyan’s Christian, unwilling to meet
death, and unprepared for judgment. Ramdas wae a sincere believer, a man of
amiable qualities, and warmly attached to those who taught him the truth of Christ.

—



60 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849.
He was more free than is ordinarily the case with converts from the vice of covet-
ousness, and sought with sincerity the things of Jesus Christ.

‘‘ Never shall we forget this good man. He was greatly and deservedly beloved
by every member of the Mission-family. His course was one of great trial and
endurance. By the grace of God, he has overcome and entered into his rest. He
suffered with Christ—he is also glorified with Him.”

PENINSULAR INDIA.
MADRAS.
Rey. W. H. Drew. Rev. W. Porter, Pastor of the English Church.

Amid many trials, our brethren at this station have enjoyed the most
cheering tokens of the Divine presence and blessing. In the native
department of labour God has abundantly manifested His mercy, and
animated the hearts of His servants. The attendance and attention of
the Pursewaukuwm Congregation has been most exemplary; and, although
no unusual or remarkable results have been witnessed, the Word of Life
has been blest to the awakening of some, the restoration of others, and
the edification of all.

Three adults have been baptized in the past year. One is a young female
convert who had received much benefit from the earnest and affectionate
counsels of an elder brother, also a convert from heathenism and bap-
tized some years since. Having received no education in her early years,
her knowledge is small; but she has shewn much diligence in learning
to read the Scriptures, and has consequently acquired a tolerable know-
ledge of the leading ‘doctrines of Christianity. Her conduct is consistent
with her profession ; and our brother, Mr. Drew, expresses his belief
that she has really given up her heart to God. /

Another of those who have been baptized, is a young man of high-
caste, from Jaffna, who is described as intelligent and interesting ; while
he also appears truly devout and consegrated in heart to the Lord.
He received his first religious impressions in the Mission-schools in
Jaffna, and derived great profit from the perusal of Rhenius’s book of
Christian Theology. When his inclinations towards Christianity were
discovered by his friends, they strongly opposed him, and endeavoured in
different ways to draw him from his purpose but without effect. He
was not to be moved, and, leaving house and home, he proceeded to
Madras, determined to follow Christ and Him only. Mr. Drew received
him, when an entire stranger, into the Boarding-school; and, after a
sufficient time of trial and instruction, publicly baptized him. May
he prove a useful member of the Church, and be kept faithful to the
end !

The Native Church has lost one of its female members by death.
When her end was near, she said to two of the teachers of the Boarding-
school, with one or two of the elder Christian youths who went to sce her,
“JT did not think you would come, at this time, to see me. I am very
grateful for this kindness. Sit down.” Perceiving her extreme weak-
ness, they did not address themselves to her, but to those who were in
attendance. They wished to spare her the effort of speaking, but, in the
midst of her agony and prostration, she cried: “O Jesus, O Immanuel,
O Lamb of God ! into Thy hands I commit my spirit; and I deliver into



1849.] MADRAS. 61
Thy care the infant which thou hast given me, and my husband!” She
then told some one near to call her children and her husband to her; and,
when those about her began to shed tears, she said, “ Why do you weep?
You rejoice when God sends a sinner into the world—when he takes one
away to His own kingdom, why do you grieve? You ought not to
mourn—weep not!”

At this moment her husband entered; and, after addressing him in
terms of affectionate admonition, she said to a schoolmaster who stood
near, “I am desirous of secing the servants of the Lord—be so good as
to call them.” When the Native Minister came, she said to him, “IL
did not think you would come—your coming is a great kindness.” He
sald, “ Do not be afraid: if it be the will of God, He will give you your
health again.” She replied, “I do not fear, Sir! the children of the devil
fear, but the children of God have no fear. I have no fear—I am happy.”
She afterwards said to him, “I did not think death would come to me
so soon—this day, after one o’clock, I knew it. The voice is true which
says, ‘The day of the Lord cometh as a thief in the night.” When your
dear wife died, she died in confidence—I also desire to die in the same
manner.” After this, he spoke to her of the great truths of the Gospel,
and prayed with her.

‘This death-bed scene,” writes Mr. Drew, ‘‘ has greatly strengthened my faith
in the profession of those persons of few words, of whom one hardly knows what
opinion to form. There may be much power under all that quietness—much com-
munion amidst much silence—many ‘inward, unuttered groanings,’ the converse of
the soul with God, which man never knows—much faith when there is small pro-
fession, even sometimes small appearance. In how many things, and in this how
strikingly, do we see the truth of the words, ‘The last shall be first.’ ‘ Out of the
mouths of babes and sucklings Thou hast ordained praise.’ ”’

‘Our brother adds :—

‘Her end was very sudden. I did not reach the house till late at night, when
she was thought to be asleep. Before morning-light the spirit had fled, so that I
had not the mournful pleasure of hearing her last testimony from her own lips.”

The native teachers and catechists continue their useful labours under
the general superintendence of Mr. Drew, who relates the following cir-
cumstance in illustration of the nature of their services, and their ability
to teach :—

‘*One day two catechists went to Peramboor, where they came to a betel-garden,
and, observing a number of persons belonging to it standing together in a group,
went up to them and spoke to them kindly respecting their health and their garden.
Observing that the gate of the garden was very narrow, they asked them, ‘Why
they made it so? Then one of the principal persons among them said, ‘ We have
made it small, that thieves may not get into the garden. It has been always the
custom to make such gates to these gardens, and we find much difficulty in passing
through them.’ Remembering the words of the Lord in the 7th of Matthew, one of
the catechists said to him, ‘Sir, Iam very much pleased with what you have now
said. Even as the gateway into your garden is narrow, so the gate to Heaven—
the world of blessedness—is narrow, and the road straight.’ Hindoo. ‘How is that?
you must sit down and tell us.’

‘Then the catechist explained to them the broad road that leads to destruction,
and the character of those who walk in it; and also the meaning of the narrow road
leading to Heaven, and the crown of life which they who pursue it to the end will
assuredly obtain. Hindoo, ‘Father, I am greatly rejoiced by what you say, but
very sorry to be told that the way in which we and our fathers have walked is a



62 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
false way.’ Catechist. ‘ Sir, since you clearly perceive that the way in which you
have hitherto walked is a wrong way, leave it for the future, leave that dreadful way,
and turn and walk in this narrow Christian path which leads to Heaven.’ The catechist,
perceiving that his mind was much affected, added, ‘Sir, do not doubt that all the
sins which you have hitherto committed can be pardoned—if you turm and place
your confidence in Jesus Christ, who is the true way, your sins will be all forgiven:
you will receive the gift of the Spirit of God, and, finally, you will wear the crown
of life.’”

The Native Female Boarding-school has continued under the superin-
tendence of Mrs. W. Porter. The children have made steady progress in
their several branches of learning, and in habits of industry, cleanliness,
and order. “ But,” observes Mrs. Porter,

‘Our solicitude does not end with the attainment of such results: we desire
fruit that may abound to their account on that solemn day, when both teachers and
children shall stand before the judgment-seat of Christ. To see them saved and
happy in the presence of our Lord Jesus Christ at his coming—this is our aim, and this
our hope.

‘We have always felt much anxiety,” she continues, “ with reference to the set-
tlement in life of those who from year to year are leaving the school. An unsuit-
able connexion would, in all human probability, prove the ruin of our hopes, and
rob us of the fruit of years of prayerful toil. It is a cause of great joy to us to think
of the interesting and important positions in which a kind and: gracious Providence
has placed some of the dear children who have left us. They are freely giving to
others the seeds of precious truth which they received ; and who can say where these
may fall, or what effect they may produce under the quickening and gracious opera-
tions of the Spirit of God? One of the girls now fills the important station of a
teacher, having charge of a native female day-school, containing 36 scholars. She
gives us satisfaction in her new sphere of labour ; and there has been a manifest im-
provement among the children. We are glad to say that she has made a public pro-
fession of her attachment to Christ and His people, by uniting herself in fellowship
with the Church, under the pastoral care of Mr. Drew, in the month of October
last.

‘“‘ While we are pleased and satisfied with the progress made in all the classes, it
is as the children rise to the first class ; as they become able to think and to judge for
themselves ; and as the time of their separation ff'aws near, that we become more
especially anxious respecting them. Then we feel how important it is to bring the
truth to bear directly on their consciences—to have it sealed upon their hearts. The
elder and more reflecting girls have special religious advantages: we have looked
with anxious hope for fruit among them, and we have not been altogether disap-
pointed in our expectations.”

The three Native Female Day-schools are also under the superin-
tendence of Mrs. Porter. The numbef df girls in each school is 42, and
the average attendance 33. In proportion to the attention whieh can
be bestowed upon them, the children are making satisfactory progress in
general and scriptural knowledge. One remarkable feature in the school
at Maketotum is the number of young women who attend, from 15 to
18 or 20 years of age—this is very uncommon in Hindoo society. The
senior pupil in the Hymore School is a girl of much promise: she pos-
sesses good abilities, evinces much steadiness of character, and promises
well. The school at Pursewaukum, until nearly the close of the year,
was under the superintendence of Mr. Drew; and many of the members
of the Native Church under his care avail themselves of that school for

the instruction of their children.
_ Native Churches, 3. Church-members—at Madras, 86 ; Tripassore, 19; Poona-



1849.] VIZAGAPATAM. 63
mallee, 9. Congregations—Native, 462. Native Teachers, 10. Schools—for boys,
10 ; scholars, 441 ;—for girls, 4; scholars, (including 65 in Native Female Boarding-
school), 241.
VIZAGAPATAM.
Rev. J. W. Gorpon. Rev. Joun Hay. Rev. A. D. JounsTon.

In reporting the state and progress of their Mission for the past year,
our brethren at this station commence by observing :—

“ The year 1848 is numbered with the past. Great and marvellous are the events
recorded on its tablet. O, that among them more was to be found relating to
India’s regeneration! Our struggle is still, to a great extent, against apathy—a
heartless indifference. True, the priesthood display their hostile feelings with less
reserve than formerly, while they more resolutely refuse to listen tothe truth, and
more jealously watch and check every indication of its influence upon others. That
its influence, however, is felt, and that much unallowed homage is paid to it, may
safely be inferred from the following fact :—A few weeks ago, some of the members
of our Bible-class, having gone home and spoken rather warmly in favour of what they
had heard, were immediately subjected to medical treatment, on suspicion that the
‘ poison,’ as it is called, was taking effect upon them, It is generally reported, that,
whenever new temples are built, or old ones repaired, the obscene figures, which have
hitherto, consistently enough, formed their chief decorations, are removed ; the gods
and goddesses being now represented as clothed, evidently in deference to the light
which the Gospel is pouring in on the abominations of ages. It is manifest—the
Hindoos themselves allow it—that the leaven is working. We earnestly long to see
other fruit, even the gathering out of a people to serve the Lord ; but, if this for the pre-
sent may not be granted to us, our duty is the same—to hold forth the Word of Life ;
believing that our labour, far from being in vain, is slowly, but surely, preparing
the way for that blessed period, when the kingdom and the dominion under the
whole heaven shall be the Lord’s.” °

In several tours made during the year among the adjoining villages,
Mr. Gordon had many good opportunities of preaching the Gospel to
numbers, who scemed to hear the message of salvation with gladness.
The following passage from his journal supplies a good illustration of the
character of these itinerant labours, and the affecting condition of many
of the people for whose benefit they are designed :-—

‘“ May 28th.— Went early this morning into the town (Nundegaum), and read and
explained the tract ‘Dialogue on Salvation,’ to a few people: they heard most at-
tentively, and I was enabled to speak to them out of the fulness of my heart. En-
joyed the season much: only one young Brahmin attempted to oppose, but he was
soon silenced. After Ihad done, I asked a man who had heard me, If what I said
was true? ‘Yes,’ said he, ‘it is all true.’ ‘Then why do you not follow it?’ I
asked. ‘If I were to do so,’ he replied, ‘I should be despised by all my caste-
people, and turned out; and if I died, no one would ever touch me—I must rot
away.’ ‘God will take care of you,’ I said; ‘He never yet forsook those who put
their trust in Him—He will raise up friends for you—trust Him! and if even your
body should be left to perish, as you say, it will be well with your soul; for none
can touch the soul—it will go to heaven, and be with God and Christ securely for
ever, This is worth the loss of all worldly protection and earthly friends. Seek first
the salvation of your soul and the favour of God—leave the rest in Hishands! ‘It
is all good,’ he said, ‘it is very—very good.’ I offered him a tract, but he said he
could not read. O Lord, bless the Word spoken this day, and to Thy name be all
the glory !”

The operations of the Mission-press have been continued with evident
advantage to the cause of Christ. Several local Societies have been fur-



64 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
nished with supplies of tracts and books; and the reports of fellow-
labourers, in various parts of the country, testify to the utility of these
silent messengers of mercy, in directing the ignorant and the deluded
to the Saviour of sinners. Our brethren have been gratified by the
increasing demand for the tracts of our Society throughout the country ;
and it has also been their satisfaction to learn that, in some instances
at least, these little works have been valued and preserved by the people.
In one distant village, where a tract found its way, the people were so
delighted with it that a considerable number of them had it copied out
for themselves on the leaf of the palmyra. All the tracts issued by the
Mission-press are now published in a style which every native can
understand ; and the Missionaries are now able to tell the untaught and
degraded pariah, that even he may become acquainted with their con-
tents if he but listen while another reads. In one village, after preaching
and talking for some time to an attentive crowd of that debased class,
our brethren, at their request, left a number of tracts with them, in the
hope that some one might occasionally be found friendly enough to read
to them. As they were leaving the place, two of the inhabitants, who
had been very attentive listeners, followed them, and asked with much
earnestness whether it was necessary to have some one to explain the
meaning of the tracts, or whether it was plain enough for them to
understand it on simply hearing it read. This was an important ques-
tion; for their own books are usually so written, that without an inter-
preter few can understand them. The poor pariah felt that no one
would take the trouble to be Azs interpreter; and hence his evident
gratification when, on a small portion of the tract being read to him, he
perceived that it was his own mother-tongue, and therefore perfectly
level to his comprehension.

The Gospel of Luke in Teloogoo has been passed through the Press,
being the first portion printed in the rewlly popular language of the
country.

Mr. Hay has finished his version of the Epistle to the Romans in the
same style, and the Revision Committee has accepted it. He is pre-
paring the other Epistles, having nearly completed Galatians and
Ephesians.

Mr. H. speaks in the most gratifying manner of the Christian sted-
fastness and progress of the young Brahmin convert, mentioned in last
Report (p. 61). He has diligently pursued his studies, and tried to make
himself useful in various ways. In the course of the year he accompanied
Mr. Hay and Mr. Johnston for the first time on a tour through the dis-
trict, and our brethren were much delighted to witness the plainness and
earnest affection with which he pressed the Gospel on the acceptance of
his countrymen. He seldom failed to command close and respectful
attention; and, when any of his former caste-fellows had the temerity
to stand forth in defence either of their infidelity or their superstition,
he evinced great skill in meeting their objections and defeating their
arguments. In one village our Missionaries experienced strong opposi-
tion from a Brahmin, who seemed to be a man of authority in the
place. He openly denied the existence of God, and challenged the young
convert to prove it.



1849.] CHICACOLE. 65

‘‘It did not seem, however,” writes Mr. Hay, ‘‘to accord with his tactics to allow
his opponents a hearing, for he met every attempt which we made to speak with an
overwhelming volley of words. The people themselves remarked, that it was a pity
we were not allowed to speak ; and one man, having followed us to several places
throughout the day, and distinguished himself as an attentive listener, came at night
to the tent, with a few others, and, calling up Jaganuatham, requested him again to
relate to them the story of the Cross.

‘‘In many villages,” continues our brother, ‘‘we found the people exceedingly
attentive, but their uniform remark was, ‘We seem to understand what you say now,
but when you are gone, having no one to instruct us, we soon forget it, and of course
go on in our former ways.’ And this 1s the fact. At one village the people seemed
more than usually interested with the new and strange doctrines they heard ; but, in
order to guard more effectually against deception, they invited an aged Brahmin,
holding the office of schoolmaster in the village, to take his place in the circle, and
say what he had to say either for or against these new views. He accepted their
invitation, and unblushingly asserted, that no one need fear anything after this
life, for that men receive in this world all that is appointed as punishment for their
sins! Jaganuatham soon silenced him out of his own books; and then, when the
hoary priest attempted to make a jest of the whole matter, addressed the people
on the truth and holiness of God, in a way which evidently solemnised the minds of
many.

‘When we retired, this unprincipled old man followed us; and, after acknow-
ledging the truth and excellence of all we had said, promised, for a small monthly
allowance, to teach our books to the people, and, by the time we came back, have them
all christianised. It sounded like keen sarcasm, though I do not think it was so
meant, when he spoke of the unreasonableness of expecting that the people should
embrace the Gospel, or even understand it, by hearing it preached once or twice in
two or three years. The valley which we traversed is thickly peopled, and all that
we can do to evangelise the inhabitants, in our present position and with our present
strength, is only like a few drops of water thrown on their own arid fields after they
have been baked and scorched by the drought of summer.”

Church-members, 37. English and Teloogoo School, 150 pupils; Orphan and
Boarding-school, 19. Printed—tracts and books, 28,990.

CHICACOLE.
Rev. WiILt1AM Dawson.

The stated labours of the Mission have been continued, as in past
years, with various tokens of the Divine approbation and blessing. In
addition to these, Mr. Dawson, assisted by the native agents, has devoted
a portion of his time to itinerancies in the surrounding country, preach-
ing the Gospel to large numbers of heathens at Vizianagram and other
places. In some quarters they experienced strong opposition for days,
before they could obtain a quiet hearing, but in other localities their
message was received with apparent interest and concern. May He who
has said, ‘ My word shall not return unto me void,” bless and prosper
His own truth !

Two converts have been baptized. The first was a man of the Weaver-
caste ; the second, a young female from the Orphan School. The former
renounced his caste in 1847, and placed himself under Christian instruc-
tion. This being attended with great advantage to his spiritual interests,
he was baptized on the 5th of November, and unanimously received into
the Church. He labours diligently for his daily bread, and affords, at the
Same time, most pleasing evidence ofa heart devoted to God. His wife
and child, from whom he was obliged to separate, have not yet joined him.

The other convert is the third from among the pupils of the Orphan
School who has publicly surrendered herself to the Lord. May she be

F



66 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849.
preserved by His power and grace through faith unto salvation! There
is reason to hope, that several of her fellow-scholars will be led to follow
her example. |

Mr. Dawson speaks in very gratifying terms of the character, conduct,
and labours of his native assistants. The Catechist, Colchester, is a truly
devoted servant of Christ, always endeavouring to imitate the example
of his Lord and Master in his efforts to do good. The native believers
greatly love and respect him, and the Missionary has every reason to
believe, that he exercises a beneficial influence over them. During the
prevalence of cholera in the past year, he manifested a spirit of Christian
benevolence that strongly recommended the religion he professes, and
tended in no small degree to shake the superstitions of the heathen.
The other teachers, Berkley Leach and Watsor. Smith, render good help
to Mr. Dawson when he goes out to read and speak to the heathen ;
while they also assist in instructing the adults and children connected
with the Mission, and conducting the Teloogoo meetings held during the
week for reading the Word of God and prayer. They are sincerely and
wholly devoted to their work ; and, while encouraging the hope that
they will acquire and exhibit a yet more ardent zeal for the salvation of
their heathen countrymen, we are constrained to thank God for the
faithful and exemplary services they have already rendered,

Church-members, 27. Orphan School—boys, 16 ; girls, 18. Native Teachers, 3.

CUDDAPAH,
Rev. EDWARD PorTRR.

Mr. Shrieves, who has continued in charge of this station during the
past year, in the absence of Mr. Porter, commences his report by ob-
serving :— -

“We have had many triale and discouragements in our work, yet, thanks be to
our God and Father in Christ Jesus, who has mercifully supported, directed, and
consoled us! Our past experience of His goodness has laid us under the strongest
obligations to consecrate ourselves afresh to His service, and implicitly to trust Him
for the future. I humbly hope that the history of each successive year will record
decisive triumphs of the Gospel in this Mission, and that the time is not far distant
when the servants of the Lord shall not only haye to rejoice over tens and twenties,
but over hundreds and thousands.” _

The Catechists and Readers have been diligently engaged in preaching
“Christ Crucified” as the only way of reconciliation, in the town aad
the surrounding villages. Many who have heard the Gospel from them,
including several soldiers of the Native Regiment located at Cuddapah,
have visited the Mission-house from time to time, for religious conversa-
tion, and to obtain books and tracts. Mr. Shrieves expresses his belief,
that the labours of the Native Evangelists are greatly contributing to
the spread of Gospel-light, the salutary influence of which is diffusing
itself over the minds both of the Hindoo and Mohammedan, and oTa-
dually dispersing the darkness of religious error, with its many evils.

Mr. Shrieves has had the privilege of admitting into Church-fellow-
ship five adults, on a credible evidence of their faith in Christ. One of
them is a daughter of his own ; another, the elder sister of the Native
Reader, Joseph Antrim Webb, who was instructed in the Mission-schools



1849.} BELGAUM. 67.
from her infancy; two more are men connected with the Christian
Village ; and the other is an aged woman formerly of the Shoodra
Caste, the mother of a very interesting female convert, who waa bap-
tized and admitted to Church-fellowship in 1846. In reference to this
aged disciple, the Missionary writes :— |

‘“‘Q, the wonders of redeeming love! Just as her sun of life is setting, the Sun
of Righteousness arises on her soul, and makes her a monument of His great meroy
and power to save. Is not this a brand plucked out of the fire? The histories of
these converts,” he continues, ‘‘as exhibiting the dealings of a merciful and gracious
God in opening their eyes and turning them from darkness to light, and from the
power of Satan unto God, are deeply interesting.”

Five girls have been added to the Orphan and Boarding School, the
progress of which has continued to be very satisfactory. By the follow-
ing account of the death of one of the children, it will be seen that,
through means of this Institution, God 1s adding to the number of his
redeemed in glory :—

‘¢ Mary Plaistow, supported by special contributions from the Plaistow Juvenile
Association, was the best girl in the school, but it pleased the Lord to remove her
by death from this scene of sin and sorrow on Sabbath evening, December 24. She
was really a promising girl, and we cherished the hope that she would be very use-
ful in the school ; but our Heavenly Father has not so ordained it. Our loss is her
infinite gain. About three months ago she began to manifest a concern for her
soul, since which time a change had evidently been passing within her. At the
climax of her disease (consumption) she was asked concerning her hope in Christ
Jesus. She answered, that she was not fully confident of her interest in the Saviour,
or of the pardon of her sins; but a few days after, with an animated countenance,
she said that she had begun to enjoy a hope in Jesus, and was not afraid to die,
Soon after this she entered into the joy of her Lord.”

Mr. and Mrs. Porter arrived in safety at Madras, December 13, and
at Cuddapah, January 30.

Church-members, 27. Native Teachers, 6; other Native Agents, 7. Orphan
and Boarding-school—boys, 8; girls, 16. Day-schools, 5; scholars, 271 (inclusive
of Native English School containing 66 boys). Sabbath-school—boys, 200 ; girla, 29.

. | BELGAUM.
Rev. JOSEPH TAYLOR. Rev. WILLIAM BEYNON.

Our brethren at this station introduce the report of their Mission
for the past year by the following general observations :—

‘‘Though the kingdcm of God comes not with earthly splendour, neither is pro-
moted by worldly support or influence, yet who that is observant of the signs af the
times can fail to be convinced of the rapid strides which the Gospel is making to-
wards its glorious consummation $ Yes, the moral darkness of the world is mani-
featly being dispelled. In whatever direction we turn our eyes, we behold the
glorious light of the Gospel of the grace of God springing up and spreading itself
abroad, with delightful indications that, like the resplendent orb of day, it will con-
tinue ¢o shine brighter and brighter, until its meridian splendour and full blaze shall
be witnessed and felt by all who dwell under its benign influence. Dead sinners
are everywhere beginning to listen to the voice of the Son of Man, and tokens of
vitality are manifesting themselves ; dry bones are brought together and assume the
human form ; and spiritual life is inspired into them by the quickening influence of
the Spirit of God. The power of God is most assuredly able to accomplish all this ;
for, has He brought to the birth, and will He not, according to His word, give the
needful strength to cause a nation to be born in a day? Yes! He will, for the
word of the Lord cannot fail; it must effect that which He pleases, and prosper in
the thing whereto He sends it.” |

: : F 2



68 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849.

Two adults have been baptized during the year. The first, who was
baptized in May last, as a heathen was called Verrappa, but, on his re-
ception into the Church, he assumed the name of Job. He was in high
repute among the people of his caste as an arbitrator in their Punchait,
and consequently met with much opposition and persecution from his
relations and friends when it was known that he was determined to re-
nounce heathenism, and embrace the Christian Faith. From the ques-
tions proposed to him at his baptism, it appeared that he had been a
hearer of the Gospel for about three years. But his mind was not
seriously impressed with the truth, nor animated by a desire to become
a disciple of Christ, till personal affliction was sent upon him. It was
then that his lost condition as a sinner was impressed upon his mind,
and an anxious desire was awakened within him to seek salvation
through the Lord Jesus Christ.

On the occasion of his baptism, he made a very impressive and affect-
ing confession of his great sinfulness before God, both in his outward
conduct and in his evil imaginations ; and testified to the completeness
of his trust in Christ for pardon and salvation. He acknowledged that
he fully deserved to be cast away for ever, on account of his many and
aggravated sins; and concluded by expressing his earnest wish to be
baptized in the name of the Son of God, and by making an open re-
nunciation of idol-worship. Before and during the service, several of
his relations and friends, including his mother, brother, and sister, were
in the vicinity of the chapel, and made some attempts to prevent the
baptism. Finding they could not effect their object, and having waited
to the close of the Lord’s Supper, which was administered at the time,
they set up a furious yell, loudly abusing the Mission and all connected
with it. “ We were apprehensive,” say our brethren, “ that they would
have proceeded to violence ; but the Lord made the wrath of man to
praise His name, and the remainder He graciously restrained.”

The members of the Church, generally, have so conducted themselves as
to adorn the Gospel of God their Saviour, though, from their peculiar
position in a heathen community, they meet with many things unfavour-
able to their advancement in the Christian life.

At Shapore, the out-station, the Word of God is read and preached
alrnost daily by one or other of the Missionaries, and also by the resident
native reader. Many listen to the invitations of mercy with apparent
attention, and several statedly attend the services. They have acquired
a considerable amount of Christian knowledge, though as yet there is
no evidence that they love the truth, or experience the sanctifying power
of the Holy Spirit. Year by year do our brethren behold the advance-
ment of knowledge in general, the peculiar prejudices of the people di-
minishing, and an increasing dislike and disrelish for their own religion;
but seldom do they see the truth taking possession of the heart, carrying
conviction to the conscience, and resulting in the transformation of the
snner from the darkness of heathenism to the light and liberty of the

ospel.

The itinerant labours of the Mission have becn continued as in former
years. In the month of March, the native teacher, Robert Levelt, made
a short tour through part of the surrounding country, during which he
distributed about 500 tracts, and had daily opportunities of making



1849. | BELLARY. 69
known the truth in the several towns and villages through which he
passed. In the month of May, Mr. Beynon made a tour of upwards of
150 miles; and, though the weather was very hot and oppressive, he was
enabled to spend the greater part of every day among the people. This
form of Christian labour furnishes the most favourable opportunities of
distributing books and tracts, of testifying by the living voice against
the sin and guilt of idolatry, and of making known to the multitudes the
God who created them, and the Saviour who died for them. In the in-
quiries made by the heathen for further information concerning the
doctrines of Christianity, there is the most convincing proof that these
labours are not without beneficial effects; and, in many instances, the
results have been seen in real conversions to God.

Towards the close of the year, the teacher, Howden Bruce, visited the
Yellama Festival, and found the attendance much smaller than usual.
The revolting practice of visiting the shrine in a state of entire nudity
has been discontinued, and now that it is put down, the very heathen
themselves cry against the abominable custom, and approve of its sup-
pression. Our brethren express the hope that the period is not far
distant when all that is outwardly opposed to right moral feeling, in the
abominations of idolatry, will disappear throughout the length and
breadth of the land. ,

The Belgaum Duodecimal Festival was celebrated in the past year.
There was an immense concourse assembled on the occasion, and, so far
as the noise, excitement, and confusion of such places admit, the Mis-
sionaries and their native helpers endeavoured to warn the deluded
revellers of the error of their ways, and lead them to Christ.

Church-members, 26. Native Teachers, 3 ; other Native Agents, 10. Day-schools—
9 for boys, 1 for girls; scholars—boys, 424 ; girls, 30. Distributed—51 Bibles, 45
Testaments ; 757 portions of Scripture ; elementary books, 511; tracts, 6,546.

BELLARY.

Rev. W. THOMPSON. Rev. J. 8S. WARDLAW. Rev. J. SHRIEVES.

The lamented death of Mrs. Thompson, at Madras, in the month of
March last, has been already recorded (p. 2).

The labours of the year at this station have been followed by varied
and manifest evidences of the Divine approbation and blessing. Every de-
partment of the Mission has been marked with the character of progress
and prosperity.

In the last Report, reference was made to a plan which had been pro-
jected by our brethren, with a view to the formation of a Christian Village,
and the partial success of their efforts to carry it into effect. In the course
of the year they issued a printed appeal on behalf of the object, and opened
a subscription list. A generous friend of the Mission, residing on the spot,
rendered his cordial and active aid in support of the undertaking, and
the result has been extremely gratifying ; the subscriptions already re-
ceived amounting to Rupees 881, or 88/. 2s. A Christian lady also
kindly placed at the disposal of our brethren a number of jewels and other
valuable articles, and by the sale, though but in part, of these offerings of

Christian benevolence, Rupees 920, or 920. additional, was realised ; and,



70 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
on the disposal of the remainder, it was hoped there would be a further
increase to the fund of 300 or 400 rupees.

The piece of ground, adjoining the Mission Compound, selected as the
site of the village, and which Messrs. Thompson and Wardlaw purchased,
in the first instance, on their own responsibility, has now become the
property of the Mission; and it is hoped that, in addition to the few
houses at present erected upon it, several more will be built before the
close of another year. Without larger resources, however, no great
progress can be made, and our brethren trust they may receive occasional
contributions to their fund for building, so that, in due time, a Christian
Vilage, fully answering the important end contemplated, may be per-
manently established.

In the Zamil Church and Congregation, the blessing of God has
been largely experienced in the past year. The Native Evangelist, Znoch
Paul, who chiefly discharges the duties belonging to this department,
has proceeded steadily in his work, evincing an earnest desire to do
good. He preaches the truth with great energy and faithfulness, and
his labours continue to be both acceptable and profitable to the people.
He has received assistance, occasionally, from the other catechists, but
it is probable he will shortly be set apart to the entire pastoral charge,
as the successor of Mr. Flavel. Speaking, himself, of the state of
religion among his people, he observes :—

‘Their advancement in the Divine life is such as to call forth my gratitude to
God. They attend the means of grace regularly, and give me reason to believe that
they are truly upon the Lord’s side.”

Six members have been added to the Church, but the joy of this ac-
cession comes not without alloy, for it was found necessary, in the
course of the year, to exclude several members from communion. Three
of these, however, were subsequently re-admitted, after giving satisfac-
tory proofs of contrition. The native believers have been exposed to
great temptations and have suffered many trials, but God has been
gracious to them, and protected them, and delivered them from every
enemy. May they endure stedfast to the end, and finally receive the
crown of life! They are a poor people, but manifest an exemplary de-
sire to support the Gospel among themselves ; and for this purpose they
have contributed in the past year, from their exceedingly limited means,
the sum of 40 rupees.

At the close of the year there were 13 candidates for Church-fel-
lowship, and six adults have been baptized.

Of those who have been admitted to communion with the Tamil
Church, one is a female who had been a zealous Roman Catholic, and
wholly devoted to superstition. Her son called upon Enoch Paul one
day, and requested him to see his mother and explain to her the truths
of the blessed Gospel. Rejoicing in the opportunity of declaring “Christ
and Him crucified,” Enoch immediately complied with the request, and,
though the poor woman was very ill, he found her most anxious to hear
the Word of God explained. According to his ability, he unfolded to
her the truths of the Word, and the way of salvation by Christ Jesus. It
pleased God to bless His Word to her soul, to lift up the light of His
countenance upon her, to open her heart and convert her to Himself,



1849. ] BELLARY. 71
Her remark afterwards was, “God has brought me out of a dark room
into His glorious light ; and has found me, a lost and wandering
sheep.” | |

Among the six adults baptized and received into Church-fellowship,
one is a young man who, for some years, was under instruction in the
Orphan School. His conduct there became so bad, that it was found
necessary to expel him, and, for a time, he pursued a course of sin ; but
he was afterwards brought to see the evil of his way, to feel his guilt,
and to look to Jesus as “the Lamb of God who taketh away the sin of
the world.” |

In the month of January, Mr. Thompson made a long and interesting
tour as far as Chittledroog, and enjoyed many opportunities of making
known the glad tidings of salvation. He was accompanied by the Native
Evangelist, Onesuemus Micklem, who laboured with great zeal and intel-
ligence in making known the truth to his countrymen. At Chittledroog
he frequently addressed the people ; and his journal contains the follow-
ing record of part of what he said to them upon one occasion :—

‘‘T then proceeded,” he writes, ‘‘to point out the importance of the salvation of
our never-dying souls, and the necessity of seeking it earnestly as the first thing.
One of the people asked ‘Whether a vision of God would secure our deliverance
from sin?’ I replied, ‘Without an adequate atonement, how can sin be forgiven
by a vision of God? It cannot be so, consistently with the Divine justice. Would
a sight of the king be sufficient to cancel the offence of a thief or a murderer? Im-
possible! How, then, can the principle hold, in regard to the righteousness of
God?’ After much discussion, I remarked, ‘That all men were acting in opposition
to the Divine will, and were sinners, but that God had devised a plan for their
deliverance, and had sent his servants to make known the glad tidings of salvation
and the gift of eternal life to all who believe the message of mercy.’ In reply, he
drew an illustration from the loadstone, saying, ‘That, as it would adhere only to
that which had a nature adapted to it, so our instruction could find place only in a
mind fitted for its reception.’ ‘It is our duty,’ I observed, ‘to make every effort to
conform our minds to the truth, and seek the help of God in so doing.’ He then
began to speak on the subject of Transmigration, to which Mr. Thompson gave suit-
able answers, by which he was completely silenced.”

In the month of February, the Native Evangelist, John Stephenson,
in company with Onesemus Micklem, attended the Ooveracondah Festiwal,
and the following extract from his journal supplies an interesting speci-
men of the nature of his labours and the character of his intercourse
with the people :—

“ March 15th.—Arrived at Ooveracondah, and, proceeding to the spot where the
people had congregated to celebrate the feast, distributed tracts, which were received
gladly. On our return to the Chavady, where we had put up, a great number of
people tollowed us, to whom we pointed out the evils of idolatry, and the fearful
wickedness of which they were guilty in the sight of a righteous God in offering
milk, cycoa-nuts, flowers, and money, to the works of their own hands, which could
neither save nor succour them. I told them that they could never in this way ob-
tain the blessing of God and the pardon of their sins ; but that they must give their
hearts wholly to God, and serve Him in spirit and in truth; and that they must
repent, and believe on the Son of God, who died on the Cross for their sins, if the
would enjoy the favour of God on earth or happiness in heaven. A Lingavant, with
the approbation of those present, then said, ‘We know that the homage we pay to
idols is useless and vain. Your Bible alone points out the true God, and the way of
salvation ; but the fear of expulsion from our Caste, and of being forsaken by all our
connexions and friends, are obstacles which prevent our embracing te true religion
which you make known,’ I replied, ‘In the Word of God, which we are sent to
preach to you, it is thus written, He that loveth father or mother more than me is



72 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
not worthy of me; and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy
of me ; and he that taketh not his cross and followeth not after me is not worthy of
me ; he that findeth his life shall lose it, and he that loseth his life for my sake shall
find it ;—and we are assured,’ I said, ‘ that now is the accepted time, and now is the
day of salvation.’ After listening attentively to these statements, he rejoined, ‘ We
are afraid to do as you say, for the reason already mentioned ; we hope God will
be propitious to us and remove our fear ; for He will severely punish us if we do not
obey His will.’ We then distributed some more books, and the people soon after
dispersed. .

‘“‘ Year after year,” continues the Evangelist, ‘‘it has been my privilege to make
known the way of salvation by Christ to the poor perishing heathen ; and I am per-
suaded that many of them understand the truths of the Gospel, and feel more than
ever concerned for their never-dying souls. The seed has been sown, and I pray
God to bless His Word for His own glory, and to lead those who hear it preached
into the paths of peace and holiness.”

In the month of April our brethren, Thompson and Wardlaw, attended
the Humpee Festal, in company with two of their native helpers. The
year, like the preceding one, was favourable ; the people, consequently,
assembled in very large numbers, and the idol-cars were drawn with
much spirit. Our brethren were deeply pained to witness so many
thousands of immortal beings thus “mad upon their idols,” and breathed
an earnest prayer that the Lord might visit them in mercy.

In the months of July and August Mr. Wardlaw and Onesimus
Micklem made a tour as far as Rayalcheruvu, about 60 miles from
Bellary, preaching at the intermediate towns and villages. On this tour
Mr. Wardlaw had the pleasure of baptizing an old man upwards of 70
years of age. He speaks of this aged convert as an intelligent person,
and, for one so advanced in life, possessed of remarkable energy and
vigour. He evinced, on the occasion of his baptism, a clear under-
standing of the way of salvation, and appears fully and heartily to have
received the “truth as it is in Jesus.” In his old age, he has a firm
and settled faith in the Saviour, “rejoicing in hope of the glory of God,”
and, in the midst of much persecution, cleaving closely to the Rock of
his Salvation.

The Wardlaw Institution continues to excite interest, and promises
to prove increasingly useful. The Annual Examination was held on
December 27, when Colonel Lawrence presided, and the pupils acquitted
themselves to the satisfaction and encouragement of all present. The
teacher of the school speaks of their progress in the following terms :—

“It affords me much pleasure to state, for the information of all who take an
interest in the Wardlaw Institution, that the pupils generally have conducted them-
selves to my entire satisfaction, giving reason to hope that the kind attention
devoted to them by the superintendents and myself will not be in vain. The object

of the Institution is the scriptural education of children of all classes; no attention
being paid to caste-prejudices, which ought in every way to be discountenanced. A
great number of the children of Brahmins and other classes of the people are every
year growing up without any mental improvement, and in entire ignorance of all
moral and religious obligations. This Institution supplies the means of obviating
these distressing evils, and places inestimable advantages within the reach of all; so
that it has a powerful claim on the consideration and support of the Christian Public.
Though it is not my privilege to record any decided conversions to God, every effort
has been made to impress the truths and precepts of Revelation on the youthful
mind, and, through the Divine blessing, our labours may yet be crowned with
success. In a merely moral point of view, much has already been attained; a
great change for the better being observable in the general character and habits of
the pupils during the past year.”



1849. ] BANGALORE. 73

In the course of the year 16 boys were admitted to the school, and
eight left it to enter upon situations of usefulness, besides five others
who withdrew without assigning any cause.

Church-members—Tamil, 50; English, 25, including 10 added during the year.
Native Teachers and Evangelists, 5. Orphan and Boarding-school, 38 children ;
English and Vernacular School (the Wardlaw Institution), 80 boys; Sunderland
Female School, 18 children ; Tamil Day-schools—boys, 25; girls, 20; Tamil Sunday-
schools—boys, 24; girls, 19. Printed—portions of Scripture, &c., 74,121. Distri-
buted—portions of Scripture, 800 ; tracts, 8000.

C ~ BANGALORE. .”
Rev. B. Rick. Rev.J. SEwWELL. Rev. J. Sucpen. Rev. J. B, Cogs.

Mr. and Mrs. Sewell, having landed at Madras, December 13, after
their visit to England, reached Bangalore in safety on the dth of January.

The labours of the year at this station have been generally similar to
those of former years. The continued aim of our brethren has been the
conversion of those to whom they publish the good tidings of peace; and,
while cheered to behold some direct fruit of their labours, they cherish
the conviction that a much larger amount, though now hidden, will in
due time appear, under the promised blessing of the Most High.

In the Canarese Department, our brethren have had the joy of admit-
ting five persons to the privileges of Christian fellowship, with three
others, transferred to them from the Tamil Church. One of the former
is the wife of a Christian Schoolmaster, whose heart, it is believed, the
Lord has opened ; and two others are recent converts from heathenism,
whose spiritual transformation remarkably illustrates the wonderful
working of Divine Providence and grace, and shews that the incorrup-
tible seed of revealed truth, though it may long he buried in the heart,
will often in the end bear fruit to the glory of Divine grace.* Since
their admission to the Christian Church, our brethren have had ample
opportunity of observing their conduct, and the joy with which they
received them has been confirmed.

Throughout the year the Gospel has constantly been preached, both
in the town of Bangalore and in the neighbouring villages. As here-
tofore, some have heard the truth with respectful attention; some have
treated both the message and the messengers with contempt; while the
majority still manifest a melancholy indifference to the truth of God.
They have heard it long and are familiar with its statements: it has,
therefore, now no charm of novelty to recommend it, while it has to
encounter a fearful amount of pride, prejudice, and depravity. When
the Gospel is publicly preached, many pause a moment but pass on as
soon as they find that it 1s the old and humbling doctrine of the Cross
which is proposed for their acceptance. There are a few, however, who
seem to be sincerely inquiring after the truth. One man, from a neigh-
bouring village, has frequently visited the house of one of the Native
Evangelists to hear about the Gospel; and sometimes, after conversing
on the subject to a late hour at night, and the Evangelist had retired to
rest, he has awakened him in order to propose further inquiries, and to
have his difficulties removed. Our brethren have reason to believe that

* See Missionary Magazine for January, 1849, p. 3.



74 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
there are many in a similar state of mind with this man; and for such
persons they ask the special prayers of the faithful. |

The opening of an out-station at Ossoor was mentioned in last Report.

During the year, Messrs. Rice and Coles frequently visited this locality,
accompanied by some of the native teachers; and on these occasions
they enjoyed very favourable opportunities of preaching the Gospel to
large and attentive congregations, and of urging its acceptance in
lengthened interviews with many of the people. In the month of Oc-
tober they visited several other places, publishing as they went the Gospel
of salvation. At Cavery-Putna, where some of their converts reside,
they stayed some days, and had several long and interestiny discussions
with Brahmins and others, who came to their choultry. They found
that some of the people possessed a considerable acquaintance with the
truths of the Bible; having met with Missionaries, or received books, at
Madras, Salem, and Bangalore, on their visits to these places in pursuit
of pleasure or of gain. Some of the native teachers also have made
short tours in the country, and generally with encouraging results.
May the blessing of the Lord rest upon these attempts to diffuse and
commend His truth!

The educational labours in the Canarese Branch of the Mission have
been continued without interruption. The Lnglish and Canarese School,
though not long established, has made satisfactory progress. It is at-
tended by boys of all castes, no distinction of this kind being recognized
in the school—a rule which has been firmly maintained from the com-
mencement. Attempts have been made by some natives of high caste
to induce the Missionaries to provide separate instruction for their chil-
dren, and some scholars have been lost in cogsequence of the request
being refused. Contrary, however, to what might have been expected, the
school has since gradually increased both in numbers and efficiency. Our
brethren hope and aim—through the medium of the English Language,
in which the instructions of this school are carried on—to exercise and
improve the mind of the pupils; to shew them the absurdity, insuf-
ficiency, and sinfulness of Hindooism; and to present as its substitute
the truth of God, pure and powerful from His own Word. The school
has not yet reached the point of efficiency which is desired, but it is
steadily advancing towards it. :

The labours of the Tamil Department have been continued during the
past year with an encouraging measure of success.

Six students left the Theological Seminary in July, to enter upon
their duties as Evangelists. They have been stationed—one at Bellary,
one at Madras, and four at Bangalore; three of the latter joining the
Canarese Branch, and one the Tamil. Though exhibiting wide differ-
ences in the development of their intellectual resources and Christian
graces, they have all approved themselves promising and worthy young
men; and some of them have displayed great ardour and spirituality of
mind, and shewed themselves in every respect well fitted for their work.

So far as their circumstances allowed, the students have diligently
availed themselves of the privilege of preaching to the heathen and dis-
tributing tracts. They have made known the Gospel in Bangalore and
the surrounding villages, often meeting with encouragement, though some-
times with persecution and hostility. It may be hoped that these la-



1849.] MYSORE. 73
bours will not be in vain; and, whilst tending to the salvation of souls,
will also serve to keep alive in the hearts of these future labourers in
the vineyard a deep consciousness of the importance of their work.
“We commend them,” say our brethren, “with joy and confidence, to
God and the Word of His grace, rendering thanks to Him on their
behalf; for ‘now we live if they stand fast in the Lord.’”

Twelve members have been added to the Tamil Church, including four
received from other Christian Churches; four have died; and several have
removed to other stations. In respect to those who have departed from
this life, there is “no need either to grieve or yet to make a record.”
Though, in three instances, death came suddenly upon them, there is
reason to indulge a good hope that they were fully prepared to enter
into the joy of their Lord. :

The ordinance of baptism has been administered to 14 adults, on a
profession of their faith in Christ. Among those who have abandoned
heathenism are several who had to undergo the most severe trials of
feeling in carrying out their determination to take up the Cross and
follow Christ.

Among the candidates for baptism is an old man of the Moodelliar-
caste, who lives upon alms, being incapacitated from work by his ex-
treme age. After dissolving a vicious connexion which he had: formed,
he placed himself under Christian instruction; and the partner of his
crime, on evidence of sincere repentance, and after renouncing heathen-
ism, has been baptized. When more fully taught of the Holy Spirit, it
may be hoped that this aged man will give himself wholly to the Lord.

The Female Boarding-schoob is still bringing forth fruit unto God.
During the year, one of the elder children was received to the fellowship
of the Church, and another, who had been three years in the school,
died in the faith and hope of the Gospel. She was a Teloogoo by birth,
and was committed to the charge of the Mission on the death of her
mother. Naturally of good parts, she quickly acquired the Tamil lan-
guage, and made good progress in her studies. In the sickness which
terminated her life, there was little opportunity of communicating with
her, as she was afflicted with deafness ; but the testimony of her com-
panions, and the observation of her teacher, are such as to inspire the
hope that her heart, like that of Lydia’s, whose name she bore, was
opened by the Lord, and that she has been gathered into the fold of the
great Shepherd. |

Churches, 3 ; church-members (Canarese and Tamil), 57 ; European, 60. Native
Teachers, and Evangelists, 9 ; other Native Agents, 16. Canarese Orphan and Board-
ing-school—43 boys ; 28 girls. Tamil Female Boarding-school, 37. Tamil Infant-
school, 60. Canarese Central Vernacular School, 90 boys. English and Canarese
School, 71 boys. Canarese and Tamil Day-schools (male and female), containing 253
scholars. English Sabbath-schools, 2 ; scholars, 115.

Mysore. |
Rev. Cotin CAMPBELL.

In a general statement of his views as to the progress of the work
in which he 18 engaged, and the certainty of its ultimate success as
secured by the promises of God, Mr. Campbell remarks :—



76 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849.

‘‘My firm and unwavering belief is, that every country under heaven shall be
given to Christ for his possession, and every people be brought under the sway of
His righteous and peaceful sceptre. Mysore will be no exception to this rule. Its
idols shall be utterly abolished ; and, partly by judgment on obstinate transgressors,
and partly by the declaration of that Gospel which is the power of God to salvation
to every one that believes, the land shall be purified, and its people be made obedient
and holy unto the Lord. The time is drawing on apace—blessed and highly honoured
will those labourers be who live to see it—but the humble efforts of those who now
sow in tears are preparing the way for that mighty transformation ; and all the
labourers, even the humblest, will in due time be permitted to share the joy, accord-
ing to the gracious assurance of Him whose work it is, when they who sow and
they who reap shall rejoice together.”

There has been no instance of any conversion in immediate connexion
with the station during the past year; but our brother mentions the
following interesting case, with which he has been indirectly con-
nected :—

‘¢ A Brahmin,” he writes, ‘“‘ about 40 years of age, belonging to Tulcand, a town
about 20 miles to the east of Mysore, came to me in September, 1847, with a letter
of introduction from another Missionary. The poor man had been shamefully and
cruelly treated by some of his near relatives, and consequently left his home, and
had been travelling about the country for about two years. Happening to be at
Mangalore, where some of our German brethren labour, he heard a heathen man
reading a Christian tract, which struck him very much, and impressed him with the
idea that it described the true way of salvation. He asked where he could obtain
one, and when told, ‘From the Missionaries,’ he expressed a desire to go to them for
the purpose. The man who had been reading the tract, and who was rea!ly adverse
to the sentiments it contained, began to abuse him as soon as he intimated this wish,
and when he approached the house of the German brethren, some heathen man,
who was standing near, frightened him away.

‘“‘ He afterwards came to Hassan, where the Missionary, Mr. Regel, spoke to him,
and gave him some tracts. Directed by Mr. R., he next proceeded to Mysore, with
the view of being further instructed, for even then he felt: persuaded that Christianity
was the only true religion. He was also convinced of his sinfulness, and earnestly
desired to be saved in the way which the Word of God reveals. He constantly
affirmed that the Brahmins were a wicked and devilish class of men, that all his own
people were deceived, and that holiness and happiness were only to be found by
following our instructions. He had made up his mind, therefore, to be a Christian
at all hazards, though he knew nothing more of Christ than that he was a Saviour,
and was able to save men by pardoning their sins and making them holy—blessings
which he felt assured none of the Hindoo gods could bestow,

‘‘His mind has much improved, and his knowledge of the Scriptures is now much
greater than could have been expected. On no account would he hear of going
back to his friends: the very mention of this excited him very much. He would
go anywhere, and do anything we pleased, but he would not return to those who
had treated him so ill. As for caste, he cared nothing for it, and he was willing to
be employed in the humblest capacity, if he could only be among those from whom
he could learn the way of salvation. We felt at a great loss whatgo do with him ;
but seeing these feelings so strong in his mind, we could not cast him off, while we
used every means to test his sincerity. In the meantime he was receiving from us
daily instruction, and was diligent in attending all the means of grace. At length,
our Wesleyan brother, Mr. Sanderson, was able to give him employment in con-
nexion with his domestic establishment, and soon after he baptized him, and
received him into Church-fellowship. We had much pleasure in committing him
to the care of our Wesleyan brethren. We are glad to know from them, that he is
walking according to the Gospel, and we trust he will long continue to give them
satisfaction. He went to Mr. 8. in the month of July, having been about nine
months under our care.”

In the course of the year two members were added to the Church—
a man and his wife. The latter has continued stedfast, and has a good



1849. ] : MYSORE. 17
report among her fellow-members, but the conduct of the former was
such as to render it necessary to separate him from communion very
soon after he was received. He had been a Roman Catholic, and seemed
very desirous to join the Mission: he is well instructed in the know-
ledge of the Gospel, but there now appears no evidence of his having
undergone a change of heart. Such is an instance of the discourage-
ments to which our Missionary brethren are subject, especially in India,
and under which they need our most earnest sympathy and prayers.

The work of Preaching to the Heathen has continued to receive a large
portion of attention from the Missionary and his native assistants. In
the streets of Mysore the Gospel has been so long proclaimed as to leave
no doubt that very many are acquainted with its leading truths. Every
year the number is becoming greater, and, according to the frequency with
which they hear the message of mercy, their responsibility increases ;
but we may trust (says Mr. Campbell) that the time of a general turning
to the Lord is drawing near.

Our brother has not observed any sensible difference in the spint
manifested by the people under the preaching of the Gospel during thepast
year, as compared with years preceding. Some listen respectfully, and
with apparent attention, while others take every opportunity of showing
their hatred both to the preacher and his message.

In the months of November and December, Mr. Campbell made two
short tours, visiting Tyaar and several other places. He enjoyed many
favourable opportunities of declaring the glad tidings of salvation, and
distributed a considerable number of Scriptures and tracts. He saw
many persons who had heard the Word from him before and had read
the books circulated by the Mission; and, in the minds of not a few, he
could perceive “a struggle between light and darkness.” He felt par-
ticularly interested in one young man, a shopkeeper, who had heard the
Gospel the year before, and who also came to hear him on this occasion.
With much apparent simplicity and earnestness, he asked how he should
conduct himself in business, and receive assistance in his prayers. This
latter inquiry had probably been suggested by his hearing a native
teacher pray at one of the evening services.

‘¢ Providentially,” writes Mr. Campbell, ‘I had with me a catechism, used in our
schools, in which there are some forms of prayer. This I gave him, with which he
was much pleased, expressing his intention to avail himself of the help it afforded.
He asked when he might begin, and was told, of course, to do so without delay.
It is evident to me that there are many individuals in different places in the same
interesting state of mind; and I never go into the country without a feeling of
regret, that my various duties prevent me from going more frequently. We want
more labourers, and, at the same time, more earnest and believing prayer, on the
part of the children of God, that the Spirit may be abundantly poured out on the
seed already sown.

‘‘ At Gargaisaree and Bettadrapour,” he continues, ‘‘ many Mussulmans heard a
full statement of the truth, and I had a discussion with them on some of the most vital
points of difference between us. I was glad to have so many of them together, dis-
posed to talk freely and calmly on the way of salvation. The grace of God is thus
brought near to these followers of the False Prophet, who are just as far from the
light of truth and the ways of righteousness as the grossest idolators; while addi-
tional proof is thus afforded to the heathen, that Christianity is equally opposed to
every form of error and ungodliness,”’

Church-members, 11, Day-schools, 4; scholars, 938.



78 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
SALEM.
Rev. J. M. LECHLER,

In commencing his report of the progress of the work of God at this
station during the past year, Mr. Lechler observes :—

“The kingdom of God, being like to a grain of mustard-seed—insignificant in
appearance and unobserved in its growth—it is difficult to ascertain its real increase
within certain limits and a certain period. The seed of the Kingdom, however, has
been sown far and wide in this country; has sprung forth and grown ; and as-
suredly will grow until it become a tree, in the branches of which the birds of the
air shall come and lodge. At this station, we have also been permitted to see the
beginning of a harvest. The Lord has been gathering his elect, and raising up a seed
to serve Him—a kind of first-fruits, preparatory to that day when He will pour
forth His Spirit in still larger measure, and all shall know that the Lord is God, and
that Jesus is their Saviour.”

The several branches of labour have been continued without interrup-
tion. The state of piety in the native Church is encouraging. Most
of the communicants have been active in making known the Gospel to
others; and some have rendered valuable assistance in teaching the
Sabbath-school, in distributing tracts, and in other Christian duties. All
the members meet their minister once a month for special conversation,
and these occasions of Christian intercourse have often been very pro-
fitable. Nine members have been added to the Church, and eight have
retired, “chiefly because the rest of the members gave up wearing
jewellery, and they had no wish to follow the example,” Mr. Lechler
expresses the fear that their hearts were never right with God, otherwise
they would not have thus acted. “This separation,” he adds, “is pain-
ful; but we hope that these erring ones may soon be brought to see and
confess, that the inward adorning of the heart is more to be desired than
that of the body.”

There have been 39 adults baptized during the year—in Salem, six ;
in Muteloor, nine; in Aruloor, six; in Samathanapooram, 18. Un-
happily, some of those who were baptized in the beginning of the year
afterwards rose up in opposition to their teacher, and, it was but too
evident, to the Lord Himself. The exciting cause.was the marriage of
a widow—a proceeding, which, being contrary to native usage, threw
the whole neighbourhood intoa ferment ; so that when Mr. Lechler last
visited the place, he was denied all the usual rites of hospitality, and
was treated with marked unkindness. May this event, so painful and
untoward in itself, be graciously overruled for the furtheranee of the Di-
vine glory!

The Native Christians generally have improved in knowledge and in
character, and have continued actively to support the local religious and
charitable institutions. Through their liberality, a large number of
Scriptures and tracts have been put into circulation at festivals, on
journeys, and upon other occasions.

A female convert, who had been an inmate of the 4ocal Poor-house,
died in the course of the year. Her end was peace; and the testimony
she bore in the dying hour was edifying to the rest of the poor women.
She was brought to the Mission, about four years before her death, a



1849.] SALEM. | 79
perfect cripple, being borne on a cot from which she never rose. She
was baptized about a year before she died, and expressed also a great
desire to partake of the Lord’s Supper, but was so suddenly removed,
that her wish could not be realised. |

The Orphan and Boarding-school, which was commenced about eight

years ago, has increased from four to 81 children, and continues to be
regarded as the most hopeful branch of the Mission. It comprises three
divisiona—the infant, the juvenile, and the wdustriad. In the infant-
branch, there are 18 children, none exceeding the age of six; in the juve-
nile, 50; and in the industrial, 13. Two children have died in the
year, both very young, after receiving the kindest attention from the
Zillah Surgeon, Dr. Scott, whose unremitting services to the Mission
generally deserve the warmest acknowledgments.
_ For want of funds, Mrs. Lechler hag been unable “to give the
monitors and head-girls the few cash they used formerly to receive.”
This circumstance led to a very interesting exhibition of religious feel-
ing on the part of the senior pupils. Deprived of their usual resources,
and having, therefore, nothing to give to the Bible Society and other
local institutions, they consulted together, and agreed to deny themselves
in one meal twice a week, hoping that the rice, &c. thus saved might be
sold, and the money devoted to the above objects.

‘“We could not,” writes Mrs. Lechler, ‘‘ object to this praposal, as none of the
younger children would be allowed to join, and the food would not be withheld from
any pupil who might ask for it. The first money thus obtained they laid out for
fowls, sald the eggs, and have, by these means, been enabled to subscribe more than
30 rupees to the several charities connected with the Mission. The girls of the sew-
ing-class have received about 25 rupees for their needlework, and the boys belonging
to the industrial branch of the school have earned 344 rupees, which has been a con-
siderable help towards defraying the expenses of the establishment, besides the good
effect it has had upon the children generally.”

In reference, also, to the Industrial School, Mr. Lechler observes :—

“The boys have been regularly oceupied at their several trades during the year,
and we have now an European Artisan not only to,supermtend them, but we hope
also to infuse into them some European energy, in which the natives of this country
are sadly wanting. He isa pious man, and anxious to be useful. The lad, who was
at Madras perfecting hiftself in cabinet-making, has returned with an excellent cha-
racter from his master, and is now at the head of the workshop. The trades pur
sued are carpentry, cabinet-making, turning, bricklaying, and tailoring.”

Two youths of the Boarding-school have been baptized ; others are
candidates for the baptismal rite ; and two have been admitted to com-
munion with the Church. Many of the children manifest a spimt of
prayer, and appear concerned for their souls. Several of them are in
the habit of assembling in the evening, under the shelter of trees and in
other places, for social reading and prayer; while the elder girls have
agreed to watch over the conduct of each other with regard to the influ-
ence they exercise on the younger children, and they meet on the Sab-
bath to seek the Divine guidance and blessing on their efforts.

In concluding the report of the Boarding-school, Mr. Lechler ob-
serves :— |

“We most heartily desire to be thankful for the fruit we have seen in this school,
and although we are often put to straits, and ready to doubt, yet. past experience



SO FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849,
and the sure Word of God uphold us. On these grounds, we trust that we shall
have yet more sympathy from those who take an interest in the poor Indians, and
see many more children rescued from the thraldom of Satan, and brought up in the
nurture and admonition of the Lord.”

Among the other encouragements of the year, the Missionary men-
tions the following as particularly worthy of notice :—Shortly before the
date of the report, a young man of the Rajapoot Caste came to the Mis-
sion-house requesting to be instructed in the truths of the Bible. His
place of residence is a village about 100 miles to the north of Salem.
Having there received a Christian tract from a passing visiter from
Bangalore, he read it, and during a protracted illness made it his con-
stant companion. His parents, displeased at his paying so much at-
tention to the little book, sought to take it away from him ; but seeing
this, he contrived to hide it when they or other relatives came into his
room. He determined, on being restored, to find a gooroo (or teacher)
to instruct him more fully in the contents of the book, and with that
view went, as soon as his strength would allow, to Madras; but, feeling
lost in that large city, and despairing of the accomplishment of his ob-
ject there, he went to Vellore, where he also met with disappointment :
he then proceeded to Salem, having heard tha the would there find a
Christian teacher willing to instruct him. He walked before the Com-
pound (or Mission-enclosure) for some time, being too tind to enter.
A Native Catechist found him sitting before the school-house, and brought
him to the residence of the Missionary. After a short course of Chris-
tian instruction and training, he relinquished caste, began to associate
freely and happily with the Native Christians, and in every respect he
promises well.

Another young man, from the district of Coimbatoor, having lost both
his parents by cholera, came to Salem seeking some of his relations in
order to join them in trade. He was thus brought into contact with
one of the youths connected with the Mission, by whom he was admo-
nished to seek the pearl of great price. He also has given up caste,
works for his livelihood, and attends to Christian instruction.

Mr. Lechler, in a general review of the moral condition of the people
in the Salem District, remarks that their ignorance, and, what is still
worse, their love of ignorance, are beyond description. The heathen,
in their blindness, will not believe in a God whom they cannot see ;
a Saviour crucified is foolishness to them; and the doctrines of Christ-
lanity, as well as of natural science, too modern for their adoption.

‘‘A Brahmin,” writes our brother, ‘‘ who visited me a few days ago, and who had
just obtained a responsible situation from the collector, became quite vexed when I
endeavoured to shake his erroneous belief, that the world stands on the head of a
serpent; that the earth is flat like a board ; that Ceylon is inaccessible ; that there
are oceans of milk, honey, &c. If the learned Brahmins are so stupid and indocile,
it may be easily concluded what the rest of the people must be. We know of no
other means of removing this gross darkness to any large extent, than by imparting
the light of European knowledge, and, above all, the light of the Gospel, as largely
as possible to the young who are not yet hardened in sin. We feel sure that this
is the right method, and, in proportion as it is brought into operation, that it will
be crowned with success.”

Church-members, 37. Native Teachers, 11. Orphan and Boarding-school, 81
children, Day-schoole—English, 35; Tamil, 20; village, 20,



1849. ] COMBACONUM. 81
| CoMBACONUM.
Rev. J. E. Nuwmo.

The several departments of labour in this Mission have been con-
tinued without interruption during the past year. In connexion with
the Natwe Church and Congregation, there has been much to discourage
the hopes and try the patience of the Missionary. The Church has had
some accessions to its number; and, with very few exceptions, the peo-
ple have been exccedingly regular in their attendance on the means of
grace. But some, who at first made a fair profession, have proved un-
faithful. One instance of defection is peculiarly grievous: a man
and his wife, two of the oldest members of the Church, secretly promoted
and accomplished the marriage of their son by a Brahmin ; thus effec-
tually binding themselves to the maintenance of heathenism, and com-
promising their allegiance to Christ. For this offence, it was absolutely
necessary to exercise the severest discipline of the Church; but Mr.
Nimmo expresses the hope, that this painful procedure has had already
a good effect both on the offending party and on the members of the
Church generally, as tending to make them more watchful over them-
selves and more jealous for the honour of the Gospel.

The persecuting spirit of Popery continues to manifest itself in this,
as in other parts of India, and the emissaries of Rome are daily striving
to “sift our people as wheat is sifted ; but we know that the prayer of
Christ is still offered, that their faith fail not.”

There are several sincere inquirers after the Truth, who regularly
attend the means of grace and search diligently the sacred oracles.
Others there are who cheerfully listen to the Word of God, make open
confession of its purity and superiority, and appear to feel the force of
truth in their hearts ; but, for reasons sufficiently obvious, they proceed
no further. The fear of man is their great impediment, and our brother
is more than ever convinced that nothing but the power of Divine grace
can ever effectually incline them to receive and love the Truth.

The distribution of tracts and Scriptures has been actively sustained,
and many journeys have been made for this purpose. On one occasion,
when engaged in this interesting work, Mr. Nimmo met some youths,
formerly educated in the Mission Schools, and was glad to find they had
not forgotten what they learnt of the Scriptures while under his instruc-
tion; but they acknowledged they had not abandoned heathenism,
pleading, as their excuse, the persecution to which they would be ex-
posed if they forsook the religion of their country. But, judging by
their expressions, it was evident that some of them at least were not far
from the kingdom of God. ‘“ We know,” they said, “that the Gospel is
true, but what shall we do? We must follow the world, or we shall be
persecuted.” One youth not only acknowledged idolatry to be utterly
absurd, but solemnly asserted that the idols were no gods. Another
declared he had heard the true Veda (or Bible) from the Missionaries,
and ,requested a copy of the Scriptures. Another said, “My conscience
tells me I am acting wrong in worshipping false gods. Who can fully
describe the glory of your God? ‘There is none like unto Him in the
world.” Another observed, “Rama cannot be the true God—he is a
creature like unto ourselves—he who could not save himself and his

G



82 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. (1849.
wife, Seethai, from being taken away by Ravanum, surely cannot save
us. J admit Rama was an able and wicked king, but no god. The
true God is an invisible Being ; but what can I do? If I confessed the
truth, the same moment I should be forsaken by all my friends. I
want more faith and more courage.” |

The itinerant labours have been very extensive and ercouraging in
the past year. The Missionary and his assistints have visited a larger
number of towns and villages, and at greater distarices from the station,
than in any preceding year.

At Madhuyarchanum, an individual, after arguing warmly with Mr.
Nimmo for some time, exclaimed, “I must now confess I see the folly
of idolatry : your assertion that God was a Spirit, and must, therefore,
be worshipped in spirit and in truth, has penetrated my inmost soul. I
can never forget this—my mouth is closed.”

At Swamymalai, the Missionary met with a Soodra, who, after listen-
ing for some time to the voice of Christian instruction arid admonition,
spoke nearly thus: “ What more can you say than what you have already
said? No one can object to these things. We must fear God more
than man. I am convinced of the truth, and I am only waiting for
God’s good time to confess it, and I trust that time is not far distant.”

At Bungarapettah, one of the hearers of Mr. Nimmo said, “ How is
it, sir, you do not visit us more frequently? You seemed to have for-
gotten us; you have opened our eyes a little ; do open our eyes fully.”
Another man said, “These rare visits will not do: you must come and
teach us more regularly ; come at least once a fortnight, and fix some
particular day, and we will have a house prepared for you, and assemble
ourselves there.” A third said, “Do, sir, tell us something more of
Jesus the Saviour.”

At this place our brother and his native helpers preached for three
hours, their hearers being remarkably attentive, and appearing eagerly
to catch every word that was said. Only two out of the entiré number
appeared disposed to offer any opposition, and these were soon put to
silence by a very intelligent old man, who came forward as the friend of
the Missionaries, and, to their great delight, began himself to preach, in
a most impressive manner, the way of salvation through Jesus Christ.

Church-members, 70. Native Teachers, 6. Female Boarding-school children, 5.

CoIMBATOOR.
Rev. W. B. AppIs.
_ Our brother, Mr. Addis, begins his report-ef the past year by observ-
ing :—

‘Valuing the souls of men as the Redeemer Himself values them,—precious time
spent, arduous labour endured and money spent,—all these combined, will not reach
the worth of even one soul. In this view of the subject, and contemplating it in
the light of eternity, far more than an equivalent has been found in the yearly
fruits of this Mission from its commencement to the present time. But when
we look at the teeming multitudes around, the myriads who know not that they



1849. | COIMBATOOR. 83
even possess souls of such inestimable value, and consequently are apathetic and
careless about them, the mind of the Christian philanthropist becomes overwhelmed
with sorrow, and its only mitigation is the knowledge that a few are rescued from
this state of moral degradation and danger, that very many are in the way of ob-
taining a part in the unspeakable blessings of Christianity, and that some have actu-
ally entered on the inheritance of the promises. This consideration affords a degree of
comfort, if not of joy, in recording the incidents of this Mission for the past year,
and is likely to produce the same feeling among the friends of Missions, while relying
for the future advancement of the work on the promises of an unchanging and Almighty
God, whose glory shall assuredly be the result of all the endeavours of His faithful
servants.”

The attendance on the public services has been regular, and some
additions have been made to its number. The members of the Church
have, with two exceptions, walked worthy of their Christian profession,
and one member has been added.

There are several candidates for baptism, but to one only has the rite
been administered. This new disciple is a man of considerable influ-
ence, residing at one of the out-stations, and is the fruit of the labours
of one of the deceased native teachers. He had been a candidate for
baptism many years, but it was not until lately Mr. Addis deemed it
prudent to admit him to the ordinance. He made a decided profession
of Christ at the most painful sacrifices: his farnily and relatives subse-
quently relented in their opposition, but are not yet fully reconciled to
the step he has taken. Since his baptism, however, as is generally the
case, they have abstained from molesting him, considering any further
resistance to be useless. Some of his children and dependents occasion-
ally accompany him to public worship: he is unceasing in his exertions
to promote their spiritual good; but, to his great sorrow, they still re-
main attached to heathenism. _

One aged disciple has entered into the joy of the Lord, together with

a native teacher, who was a faithful servant of Christ for about ten years.
He was brought to the knowledge of the truth at Coimbatoor, and
having passed through the usual course of study in the Preparatory Class,
was appointed, first an assistant-reader, and then as an evangelist, in
which capacity he laboured at several of the out-stations in succession.
At the time of his death, in February last, he was stationed at Avenurhy.
After preaching one day to the people in the market-place, and distri-
buting tracts, he went to his house, complained of fatigue, and was
shortly afterwards seized with cholera, which terminated his life in a few
hours. This is the Aird valuable and devoted teacher, employed under
Mr. Addis, who has died within a period of eighteen months. The two
former faithfully served the cause of Christ,—one fifteen, and the other
thirteen years,—and, like the last, were both called suddenly to their
reward in the prime of life, while occupying important spheres of useful-
ness. These dispensations are equally trying and mysterious, for the
places of such men are not easily filled; but shall not the Judge of all
the earth do right ? May He who has taken them to Himself graciously
raise up others possessing like gifts and qualifications!

Mr. Addis and his native fellow-labourers have made extensive jour-
neys during the year, with a view to the extension of the Gospel in the
province of Coimbatoor. These labours have been encouraged by the
evident willingness of many to listen to Christian instruction, and re-
ceive portions of Scripture and tracts, though the majority evince but

G2



84 FIFTY-FIFTH REPORT. [1849.
little disposition to hear and heed the Word of Salvation. The Hindoos
love novelty, and to most of them the Gospel is now an oft-told tale,
which they do not care to hear :—

‘Tt is distressing,” observes Mr. Addis, ‘‘to find, that where a knowledge of
Christianity is possessed, something new and fresh is sought, rather than an increase
of knowledge and experience in the all-important truths of the Gospel of Christ.
Numbers imagine that they know enough of Christianity when they become ac-
quainted with something of its doctrines and requirements. The most casual observer
must be struck with the absolute necessity of Divine influence ; otherwise the present
generation will die, the knowledge they have received will be lost, and the work
must be commenced again with their successors. The present amount of Christian
knowledge is considerable, and few places can be found throughout the whole of this
province, where it has not penetrated. Its excellence is not disputed, consequently
very little real opposition is offered to its propagation, until its practical bearings are
exhibited, when the latent enmity of the natural heart, and the deadly influence of
caste, are sure to appear in powerful array against its holy and generous tendencies.”

In a former Report, mention was made of two devotees who had been
brought to the knowledge of the truth by the preaching of the Gospel
at Coimbatoor. One of them, after a lengthened term of probation,
was baptized, and having passed through the usual course of study in the
Preparatory Class, was appointed as an assistant-teacner in this Mission,
a situation he still holds. The other, after remaining at the station for
some months, returned to his native place; and nothing more was heard
of him until a few months ago, when he visited the station, and earnestly
requested Mr. Addis to baptize him; stating, that he wished to receive the
rite at the same place where he experienced his first religious impres-
sions. Our brother, on prudential grounds, advised him to apply to a
Missionary residing in his own neighbourhood, and with whose people
he had associated, and he departed for that purpose. There could be no
doubt, however, as to the genuineness of his religious impressions, as
more than four years had elapsed since, on returning from a pilgrimage to
Benares, in the most squalid and filthy plight, he was arrested at Coim-
batoor by the power of the Holy Spirit. Towards the close of the year,
Mr. Addis received a highly satisfactory account of him from the Mis-
sionary in his locality, and it is to be hoped that grace may be afforded
him, both to witness a good confession before his deluded countrymen,
and ultimately to render him instrumental to the conversion of many.

Church-members, 32. Native Teachers, 14; other Native Agents, 10. Female
Boarding-school, 16 ; Day-schools, 8 ; Scholars, 591. Out-stations, 8.

SOUTH TRAVANCORE.
NAGERCOIL.
Rev. OHARLES Mavtt. Rev. JAMES RUSSELL.
Rev. EBENEZER LEWIS, Rev. J. O. Warrrenouse.

In the Hastern Division of the Mission, still under the superintend-
ence of Mr. Russell, the labours of the Missionary have been followed by
numerous encouraging proofs of the Divine blessing. Notwithstanding
the spiritual apathy and coldness of many in the congregations, the
Lord has mercifully inclined the hearts of not a few to present them-
selves to Himself as a living sacrifice. During the year our brother