Voice of South African women for a lasting peace

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THE VOICE OF SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN

FOR

A LASTING PEACE





BKMBac Jfteeting held in JffletTopoUian (Saps ^otOii,

Sib$tctyt 1900.

DE STEM VAN AFRIKAANDER VROUWEN

VOOR

EEN DUURZAMEN VREDE.

a- 'Vsrgadering gehoudsn in ^aal,
Jiaapstadj din 9dsn Sul'S* 1900.


A PROTEST AGAINST ANNEXATION.

On Monday, July 9, a meeting of the j
'women of Cape Town took place in the
Metropolitan Hall, Burg Street, to pro-
test against the annexation of the Re-
publics. The large hall was crowded to
its utmost extent, fully 1,500 ladies and
gentlemen presenting themselves; even
the sideways and passages were
thronged. Long before 2.30, at
which hour the meeting was
timed toi commence, the body of the
ball was well filled, the gallery being
Crowded. Amongst the ladies present
were Mrs Cromvright-Sdhreiner, Mrs
Sauer, Mrs Purcell, Lady De Wet. Mrs
A. I. -Steytler, Mrs Roos Mrs Reitz,
Mrs Gie. Mrs W. P. Schreiner, Mrs
Merrimsn, Mrs Baumgarten, Mrs Wag-
ner, Mrs D. P. Faure, Mrs Joubert, Miss j
Green, Mrs A. van der Byl, Mrs C.
Oiiappini, Miss Wahl, Mrs Becker, Mrs
Beck, Mrs J. T. Molteno, Miss Molteno, j
Mrs Melck, Mrs Malan, Mrs C. Faure, I
and many other well-known Cape Town ;
ladies. From Ceres, Worcester, Welling- ;
ton, Paarl, Tulbagh, and other country I
towns delegates had been sent down to j
attend the meeting, and amongst those \
were Mrs A. B. de Villiers, Miss N. j
Velden, Miss B. de Villiers, Miss A. de j
Vos. Mrs Wi'cht, Mrs J. Immelman, Mrs
J. de Villiers, Mrs M. de Villiers, Mrs
T). P. de Villiers, Mrs J. de Villiers,
Mrs Von Weillign, Mrs Nieuwstadt,
Miss Englies, Mrs J. Joubert, Miss Van
Blerck, Miss Thom, Miss A. Marais (all
from the Paarl); Mrs Reineke (Ceres),
Mrs J. N. P. de Villiers, Miss Beck, and
others (Worcester), Mrs Marais. Mrs
Muller, Miss Neethling. Mrs De Villiers,
Miss Du Toit, Miss Janssen, Mrs Rous-
souw, Mrs Van der Byl, Mrs Viljoen,
Mrs Meiring, Mrs Berry and others
(from Stellenbosch). On the gallery
were, besides many ladies several gen-
"Oemen who had received special tickets
for admittance, amongst them being
Hon. M. C. Neethling. Messrs F. S.
Malan, G. A. de Klerek, Werner, Hahn,
J. II. Morkel, H. Hahn, and a few
others.

In the absence of Mrs Koopmans, who
had been prevented from attending the
meeting owing to illness, Mrs Sauer oc-
cupied the chair, and called upon Mrs
A. I. Steytler to open the meeting with
prayer. Mrs A. I. Steytler thereupon
read Mrs Koopmans speech, which was
as follows :

THE QUEEN AND THE WAR.

As many English friends are here, I
shall address you in English:

Friends, sisters, welcome in this had.
We are here prompted by the same feel-
ing to try to help to stop this wicked
war, and to preserve for the two free
Republics their independence. Before
any resolutions are put, may I be al-
lowed to bring to your notice

In July 1899 when war rumours were
in the air and Olive Schreiner sent thaJ
pathetic appeal for justice and pease
into the world, I took the liberty to send
a copy to a friend with the request that
she might have it presented to Her
Majesty the Queen. Several of my
friends urged me to do this. I waited
with anxiety to hear what Her Majesty
thought- of this pamphlet-, and judge my
amazement when this letter reached me,
dated from Osborne :

Osborne,

July 28, 1899.

Madam.

Sir Fleetwood Edwards has passed on
to me your letter to- him of the 25th
inst., and the accompanying pamphlet
by Miss Olive Schreiner.

I much regret that as Private Secre-
tary I am unable to comply with your
request and lay the pamphlet before the
Queen. But it is a rule of long standing
that publications of a politically con-
troversial nature must be submitted to
Her Majesty through one of her re-
sponsible Ministers.

Under these circumstances I must beg
to be allowed to return the pamphlet
Believe me,

Madam,

Yours very faithfully,

Arthur Bigge.


4

SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR.

I have no permission, to name my
friend, but it does not effect the ques-
tion. Here, if any proof were wanted wo
have it, that Her Majestys responsible
Ministers did not care to take any
trouble to keep off the war, and feared
their Queens sense of justice. Here,
my friends, let me put two ques-
tions. First, who can te'll what might
have been the result, if the woman,
widow, mother, Queen, had had that
pamohlet put into her hands ? Will this
question not to-day resound in many a
broken-hearted widows heart, in many
a parents, brothers and sisters? The
second is, how dare any set of men slip
themselves between .the Sovereign and
part of her loyal subjects ? How dare
they, as it were, make a monopoly of our
Gracious Queen for themselves, to ap-
prove and to decide what, or what noit,
Her Majesty may see? With what right
are they nearer the Queen than we
women, we Africanders, who have loved
and cherished her for 63 years? and to
whom at once our hearts and hopes went
out when trouble threatened. That
Her Majesty shirks no trouble for sub-
jects is proved by the arduous visit lie
Majesty undertook to Ireland. Wby
should she have treated us differently?
After this failure our womens petition
was started, to which 16,750 signatuies
with the addresses were obtained. It
cost much trouble and urging to get it
sent off, and an answer was received
from the Governor's secretary saying
that Mr. Chamberlain had laid it be-
fore the Queer. This is months agj,
and

WE HAVE N OT A WORD FROM O 'JR
QUEEN'.

The thought occurred to me that as the
Secretary for the Colonies has in another
despatch so expressed himself, that
where he meant one thing he expressed
just the reverse.

Can this be true here, and instead of
having laid the petition before the
Queen, oan he just not have done sc ?
And now we are here to make another
attempt. One strong reason why all
who have the welfare of both the Ti ans-
vaal and Free State Republics and Eng-
land at heart should do all they can to
put a stop to this war and retain the
independence of those Republics, is, if
they are annexed this war will be fought
over again, the blood in those men's
veins stands security for that, they

! know freedom and will never submit to*
anything else. Is this prospect, not
awjbil? Who can contemplate it?
Statesmen speak now of what nev>r
shall or must happen againmy friend*,,
statesmens never is a very uncertain,,
and often short time.

THOSE WHO SHOULD BE IN GAOL.

One can not help asking: are we in a
British Colony? What has become of a
motto that- held a man innocent till be
had been proved guilty? Is it the in-
tention of those in power to make it
impossible for us to love the cowers
placed over us? If traitors are to be
imprisoned, the men who have provoked
and forced on this wicked war should
be in gaol now, not the Boers our
brothers, against whom accusations aro
wripped up at 30s. ,to £10. For w-h\is a
greater traitor to his country and his-
sovereign than he who robs them of
their honour, the love of their subjects
and the respect of the civilised world?
That is what these bad statesmen and
false prophets have done for England.
English blood has been shed for the
possession of the gold fields. The cause
is not worth the sacrifice. Oh, that
gold should be so dear, and blood and
j honour so cheap.

i And those prophets, already they be-
j gin to feel the pricks of guilty conscience.

; Why otherwise do they cheat the Bri-
tish nation by saving that tne feeling
between Africanders and English will
; be better .after the war? They kuow
; that making England big at the expense
of greatness robs her of her best pos-
: session, the love of her Africander sub-
jects. Gold, territory is no equivalent
for that. Are those men stupid or
| wicked when they say that? Are they
! the only people who know not that when
i you injure a man deeply you cap it by
hating him? Did the English love the*
Boers better after Majuba.? And are
the Africanders supposed to be better
or worse than Englishmen?

AFRICANDERS CONSOLIDATED.

Loyalty lies deep ai the
hearts of the Africander. It w i t-
| cause he fears God, that he loves tire
I Queen. The charge of conspiracy we
| Africanders throw back with, contempt
! to those who made it. Our answer is :
One generally judges others guilty of
what one is capable oneself. See Johan-


SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR.

5

nesburg. Out brothers who fell in the
war with their Bible in one hand and
their Mauser in the other, making the
Veld resound with the singing of Psalms,
who can otherwise than honour them?

God and hiistory will do them justice.
For our sisters we pray ceaselessly. They
have not. died for their country, but
those orphans and widows' they suffer
for it, and God alone^ knows what that
means. Both these men and women are
the offspring of the proud Dutch who
freed themselves from mighty Spain
with the blessing of Providenceand
the Huguenots who showed the world
that faith gives strength to work mir-
acles. And does England think that the
fusion of two such elements will submit
to become a British Crown. Colony? One
thing we thank His Excellency the Go-
vernor and Mr. Chamberlain for. They
have consolidated the Africanders in
this land. Before we knew that we were
brothers and sisters, to-clay we feel it.
For those gentlemen we thank
the decision of those who were wav-
erers; they have introduced them to
themselves. That element will never die,
for its roots grow from our living
heart.

Tiro extent of sympathy is increas-
ing. The first to sympathise with the
Transvaal was the girl-Quee,n of Hol-
land, Wilhelmina of Orange. We thank
Her Majesty for her sympathy for
our sisters ancl brothers. That act of
love will count where crowns shall have
lost their value. WTe thank the thousands
of Du xh women for their sympathy
and material assistance. They do not
forget the brothers and sisters six thous-
and milee away. We thank the three
thousand English women, English in the
high and best sense of the word, who
are on the side of justice and who love
and are jealous of the honour of Eng-
land, no flag-wavers, but to whom the
Union Jack spells honour, not commer-
cial value.

Our sisters in South Africa need no
thanks. We can not otherwise.

The reading of the speech was received
with loud applause, which was renewed
when Mts Steytier sat down.

Mrs F. Purcell, rising amidst cheers,
proposed the following resolution:

This meeting records its solemn pro-
test against the annexation of the Re-
publics and against the spirit of revenge

shown in carrying out that policy, which
will outrage the principles of morality
and strike a deadly blow to the best in-
terests of South Africa and England.

In proposing the resolution. Mrs Pur-
cell said : It is no small thing that has
thus roused the women of South Africa
and called them from their wonted re-
tirement to band* themselves together in
this assemblage and strive to make their
voices readh to those women of England
who are working in the cause of justice
and right, and whose noble efforts called
forth the following beautiful poem from
(Mr William Watson:

I greet you and am with you, friends
of peace,

Of equity, of freedom. Tis an hour
Inhospitable to Reasons tempering
word ;

Yet, being brave, bein^ women, you will
speak

The thought that must be spoken with-
out fear.

The voice of dhivalry grows faint; the
note

Of patriotism is well-nigh overborne.
For what is patriotism but a noble oare
For our own countrys honour in mens

eyes,

And zeal for the just glory of her arms?
If it be aught but this, well none of it!
Keep, then, that zeal, that noble oare
alive ;

Keep, then, from altogether perishing'
The pure light of the ancient patriot
flame;

Evn as another remnant kept it clear,
When in an England errant from herself,.
A dull king and his purblind counsellors-
Goaded the New World to fling off the
Old.

And in this day when England half
forgets

That empires die, not starved, but sur-
feited,

Warn her that though she whelm a
kindred race,

A valiant people, stubborn-built as we,
Yet shall they gnaw henceforward at
our heel

Secretly unsubdued though beaten
down,

Too near ourselves to be in spirit oer-
come,

But by fierce memories fed and ever-
more

Upborne in heart by a saluting worfd-
(Applause). We feel that


6

SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR.

iT DOES NOT BECOME US TO
KEEP SILENCE

when those others who are not bound
by ties of blood and friendship to the
Republics are sneaking; out with no un-
certain sound. We feel that the time
has come for us to strive to follow^ in
the footsteps of our noble kinswomen
of the Republics, who, all through the
wonderful history of their countries in
past and present times, have ever re-
sponded to dutys call. (Applause.) We
know how they have stood beside their
loved ones through danger and death;
how they have cheered the faint-hearted
and bravely endured the most terrible
trials for the sake of their in-
dependence, and that remembrance
compels us to come forward to-day in
the strength of our convictions to pro-
test against the wrong that is contem-
plated against them. It must be re-
membered that the independence of the
Republics was established by treaty by
Great Britain herself, and it was with,
the full consent of the British nation
that the inhabitants of the Transvaal
and the Orange Free State were allow-
ed to develop their love of indepen-
dence. It is hard for us to believe that
England will now ruthlessly outrage .ne
sentiments of these people for the sake
of obtaining that which she has so eag-
erly disclaimed by the lips of Lord Sal-
isbury himself, who said, shortly after
the commencement of the war : Wo

seek no gold-fields; we seek no terri-
tory. What must we think if annexa-
tion takes place? It will be impossible
for us to place any confidence in Great
Britain in future if her statesmen can
thus go ba-ck on their words. (Hear,
hear.) We cannot help but ask if Eng-
land will

SO ILL REPAY THE PEERLESS
^MAGNANIMITY

which was shown to her subjects by
President Kruger after the Jameson
Raid and, by annexing the Republics,
make common cause with those who bo
treacherously conspired against them
oil that occasion and thus also carry
out the policy of revenge as expressed
by Lord Salisbury in his speech at the
annual meeting of the Primrose League
on May 9 in the Albert Hall. If the
wicked policy there advocated be per-
sisted in it will oause usi not only to
exclaim with Mr. John Morley, when in
a recent speech he referred to the death

of Mr. Gladstone that a great lamp had
gone out in England but will make us
further ask ourselves if the lamp of Eng-
lands greatness, her high-mindedness
and magnanimity had not gone out with
him! (Applause.) We are profoundly
convinced that if this crowning act of
injustice be perpetrated upon the noble
handful of patriots who have fought so
long and so bravely against the over-
whelming forces of Great Britain that
England will not only alienate from her
the vast majority of the white inhabi-
tants of South Afirca, but will stand
for ever condemned in the eyes of the
civilised world. (Loud applause.)

Mrs. Cronwright-Schreiner, who* was
warmly received, seconded the resolu-
tion. In doing so she said she should like
to read' some letters she had received,
selected from among hundereds of others,
from Canada, Australia, New Zealand
expressing condemnation of this

war, and denouncing any pro-

posal for the annexation of the
Republics. She had selected two be-
cause the writers were men of mark in
their own colonies, and were Colonial
Englishmen, one filling the higrhost
public office in his country,
to which citizens could attain.. An ex-
tract from the first- letter was as fol-
lows :

A STRIKING OPINION.

Little did I think I should ever be
addressing you upon such .a painful .sub-
ject as the contemplated effacement of
the Transvaal and Orange Free State;
but as I share to the fullest extent the
opinions of yourself and your husband
with regard to the rresent iniquitous
war in South Africa., I thought a few
lines from one at* such a distance might
not be considered an unwarrantable in-
trusion upon your privacy. Conscienti-
ously believing that the Boers are right,
and the British wrong, I am prepared to
make any personal sacrifice in the advo-
cacy of a good cau&e, and I sincerely
trust that the British will not be al-
lowed by the civilised world toy crush
the Republics out of existence. Having
lived so long in these latitudes, yo/u can
readily conceive how disgusted I feel
at the Australian Colonies assistance at
the perpetration of a hideous crime
against justice and humanity. But let
not the outside world be deceived. There
axe thousands of people in these Colonies


SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR.

7

who consider tlie war a most unjust and
unrighteous one. Jingoism in the
Colonies has nob been spontaneous. It
was sprung upon the public as a surprise
by a few ambitions and opportunist- poli-
ticians looking forward for Imperial fa-
vours and distinctions; and, aided by
flattering cablegrams from Chamberlain,
the war spirit has been fanned and in-
flamed until many Colonists have gone
clean off their heads. (The
spanker drew special attention to
this last- sentence, saying she
had received numerous letters from
Ca-nadla, Australia, and New Zealand

!

i

saying exactly the same thing in almost
the same wordis.) I am firmly convinced
that a time will come when these Col-
onies will bitterly reproach themselves
for the port, they have played in this
accursed war ; but it is sad to think that
in the meantime the brave Boer Repub-
lics may be crushed out of existence by
forces vastly superior to theirs. God
forbid that such a deplorable fate is in
store for them!

Then, said the speaker, there was a
letter from an English Colonist on the
other side of the world :

I hope you will pardon the liberty 1
am taking in addressing you, but I have
juet read in the leading morning paper
of this city an account of an interview
which their special war correspondent
had with you recently in South Africa
for that paper, wherein you expressed
regret that Australians should be found
fighting with England against the Boers,
and I have been unable to resist the

impulse to write and tell you that, al-
though many Australians are with the
enemies of the heroic Boers, there are
yet thousands of Australians who are
strongly opposed to this brutal and in-
iquitous war now being fought in South
Africa, and they are in absolute sym- j
pathy with the Boers. The day is not ;
far distant when the historians of the j
future will write of this war as a blot j
upon the fair fame of Great Britain, j
and will express pity that our young |
nation of Australia should by her part j
in this miserable business so early in
her history clothe herself with shame.

THE TRUE SENTIMENT.

Mrs Oronwright Schreiner said these
letters appeared to her most
important, as they brought home
to them the fact that, in ad-

dition to the sympathy of the whole
continent of Europe, the intellect, and',
before all, the conscience of the English-
speaking race all over the world, was
largely with them in the struggle to
obtain justioe for the Transvaal and the
Free State. (Applause.) To those who,
like herself, had English blood in their
veins, this was a matter of great im-
portance. They had been proud of their
English descent, and she knew she was
speaking there, not only for herself, but
for many South African women of Eng-
lish descent in the body of the hall and
on the platform. They had been proud
of their English descentnot because
England was a great country, because
the England they most loved and ad-
mired, the England of Shakespeare and
Milton, of Pym and of Sir Harry Vane,
was a very small England; it was not
because Englishmen were more numer-
ous, for there were more Chinamen than
Englishmen in the world(laughter)
it was not because England was rich,
because throughout the whole course of
human history the accumulation of vast
quantities of wealth in the hands of the
upper classes of any nation had always
preceded the downfall and decay of that
people; it was not because England was
powerful, for the Roman and the Spanish
Empires at the time of their greatest
power were immeasurably more power-
ful to-day than England was
to-day compared with other nations.
The reason why they had been
proud of their English descent had
been that they had believed, whether
rightly or wrongly, that there was one
quality which tended to be more com-
mon among English men and women
than among other races, and which they,
as it were of right, inherited. $he did
not know how better to describe this
quality than in the words of an English
writer who believed that she possessed
it:

It will strike as soon for a trampled
foe

As it will for a soul-bound friend.

What heart is that, say if you can ?
Tis the heart of the true-born English
man.

If they were to lose their faith in
the possession of this quality by the
English race, if they were to substitute
for it greed, ambition, and lust for Em-
pire. then their descent from it became
no more for them a matter of glory, but


8

SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR

of shame. They would rather ally them-
selves with the smallest of the trampled-
down peoples, than march with the race
of the tramjplers. Therefore they wel-
comed the knowledge that at this mo-
ment, the moment of the greatest moral
degradation which England had ever
known, there were thousands of English-
speaking men and women all over the
world who were yet true to the loftiest
traditions of English morality.

THERE WILL NEVER BE
PEACE---------------

But there was one thing which men and
women all over the world who sympa-
thised with them must see, as clearly
as they saw it. It was this: If that
body of men who had laboured to pro-
duce this war were successful in carry-
ing out their plans, if by the cost of
the lives of the thousands of valiant
English soldiers, they succeeded in
crushing the two little Republics in
South Africa and annexing them, there
would never be peace in South Africa.
Those who had worked in hospital, and
who had some knowledge of surgery,
knew that a very terrible thing some-
times happened. When a great surgical
operation was performed, and a body was
cut open, it not infrequently happened
that, owing to the carelessness or the
stupidity of the operator some small
foreign object had been left within the
cavity of the body. The body was sewn
up : the external wound might heal; the
operators might think that the whole
thing was an unqualified success. But
deep within the body was that foreign
irritating substance, producing disease
and putrifaction. It might take
months, or it might take years of unut-
terable suffering and organic disturb-
ance, bufc until through a gangrenous
wound that foreign substance was ex-
truded, there could be no return to
balanced health. The attempt to annex
the Free, State and the Transvaal was
an attempt to introduce into the body
social of South Africa such

AN IRRITATING AND EXTRANEOUS
SUBSTANCE.

If Mr. Joseph Chamberlain and the
handful of speculators and politicians,
who for tlieir own reasons have aided
him in bringing: about the war, were
successful, and if they succeeded in com-
mememorating the Queens reign
by this orimo and in an-
nexing the Republics, and attempted to

govern them by military force, or, far
worse still to put into power the men,
or the tools of men, who had brought
about the war, then there would never
be peace in South Africanever until
that condition had passed away. There-
fore she asked them, the South African
women of Dutch and English extraction,
gathered there, to join with her in ap-
pealing to the conscience of the Engl'ish-
speakinrr race all over the world to aid
them in attempting to save South Africa
from those long years of misery, discord,
and bloodshed which will result if the
proposed policy be carried out. But it
is not South Africa alone which would
have to suffer. It had often been said
that the greatest blunder which the
governing body ,of England had ever
been guilty .of was that committed by
George III., when he interfered with
the internal concerns of the American
Colonies. If the nroposed annexation is
carried out it would be so no longer,
but it will be said that the greatest
| blunder was committed at the latter
i end of the 19th century. The time is
i not far distant when the people or Eng-
| land, men and women, will recognise
; that the only friends they had in South
: Africa have been men and women who
; denounced this war from its inception ;

who stated that it would be iniquitous
; and unjust, who protested against the
landing of foreign troops upon the soil
j of this Colony, who told England that
. 100,000 men would never walk across the
Free State and the Transvaal: and the
i little African meer-cat(laughter)

: torn, wounded and bleeding might yet
j creep back alive to its home in the red
I African earth.

i ENGLAND MUST REVOKE.

| The day was coming when England

1 would realise that the most deadly foes
I she had ever had were the men who, to
I satisfy personal greed and ambition, bad
j produced this war. Unless England
i should immediately refute and reverse
her entire course of action, every farm-
house which the British soldiers were
burning down to-day was a torch light-
ing the British Empire in Sou!th Africa,
to its doom, every trench

which the brave English soldiers
dug was a part of the tomb of
England ; every bullet which took the
life of a South African found its billet
in the heart of the British Empire ;
every political prisoner of South Africa


SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR.

<)

who in his cell that night would dream
of freedom will one day realise it in his
own person or that of his descendants.
What Mr. Chamberlain and the men
who were with him appeared to be im-
pelling the English nation to commit in
South Africa to-day was murder; what
they were really compelling them to
commit was suicide. South Africa to-
day lay torn, wounded and bleeding at
the feet of England. It was the hour
of Englands might; bust the day would
come when England would know that for
her also the path of justice would have
been the path of peace. (Loud and con-
tinued applause.)

Mrs. De Villiersi also supported the
resolution, and said that British policy
since the time of the Raid towards the
South African Republic had been an un-
reasonable one, and one which was not
to be commended. It was a policy which
had been thought out by Mr. Rhodes,
who had never yet expressed himself as
regretting the raid but as regretting its
non-success, and the British Govern-
ment had never yet punished Mr. Rho-
des properly(hear, hear)and put it
out of his power to make a similar raid
in future. But even considered bv it-
elf,

THE BRITISH POLICY WAS UN JUS
TIFIABLE,

for that policy had caused this miserable
war which was devastating South Africa.
When Lord Salisbury found that his re-
peated declarations to the effect that
Great Britain desired only a just and
-equitable settlement in favour of the
uitlanders stood in the way of the suc-
cessful realisation of*the policy mapped
out by the Imperial Government, he
had no hesitation in going back on his
words. (Hear, hear.) The Imperial
Government was prepared and ready
for the war although they pretended
that they were only working for peace,
and were solely desiring to remedy the
grievances, real or alleged, of which the
uitlanders complained. When Presi-
dent Kruger declared himself ready to
meet Great Britain on the franchise
question the Imperial Government
withdrew their former proposals and de-
clared that they were' going to propose
new measures instead. Considerable
delay ensued in putting forward these
new points, and in the meantime Eng-
lish troops were poured into the coun-
try and sent to the borders of
the Republics. Then war with its

lamentable results broke out and, now
*he two States have been soliciting
peace, but Lord Salisbury has definitely
declared that there could be no peace
before the Republics were annexed.
England has virtually conquered both
Republics, and "here is no reason why
she should not grant the Republics their
independence, seeing that nothing else
will satisfy them. By establishing a
military government instead of the free
government to which the Republics have
been used, an intense feeling of bitter-
ness would be aroused throughout South
Africa. That feeling

WILL FIND AN ECHO IN THIS
COLONY ^

in race-hatred and dissension. (Hear,
hear.) For we too have had to bear our
share of ill-feeling and prejudice. After
years of loyal obedience to Her Majesty,
our beloved Queen, and to her laws, we
have been told by strangers that there
existed in this Colony a mischievous con-
spiracy to subvert British supremacy.
While Lord Rosmead, then Sir Hercules
Robinson(applause)declared that the
Jameson Raid was a disgraceful injus-
tice, and while he tried to soften the
results of that unfriendly act as much
as possible, British statesmen were try-
ing io justify that injustice. While Sir
Hercules Robinson, when leaving these
shores, spoke of Africanders with the
greatest approval, Ins immediate succes-
sor accused them of originating a pro-
paganda of foreign discontent and dis-
satisfaction. The injustice of the policy
which had been followed by Her Majes-
tys Ministers was tangible. The women
of South Africa will

. REALISE THE CRUELTY AND
INJUSTICE

of that policy more than any others, for
they will have more opportunities of be-
coming acquainted with it. The atroci-
ties and miseries of the present war will
never be effaced, and no adequate
reparation will ever be nmde for the
dear lives which have been lost on both
sides. (Hear, hear.) The ultimate de-
cision will have to be left in the hands
of the great Arbiter of nations, who will
judge the actions of men as they have
to be judged. (Hear, hear.) The future is
obscure and shadowed to us, aoid we
none of us know what may result, but
no one can say that the nation which has
hitherto been invincible will not be


8

SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR

of 9hame. They would rather ally them-
selves with the smallest of the trampled-
down peoples, than march with the race
of the tramiplers. Therefore they wel-
comed the knowledge that at this mo-
ment, the moment of the greatest moral
degradation which England had ever
known, there were thousands of English-
speaking men and women all over the
world who were yet true to the loftiest
traditions of English morality.

THERE WILL NEVER BE
PEACE-----------------

But there was one thing which men and
women all over the world who sympa-
thised with them must see, as clearly
as they saw it. It was this: If that
body of men who had laboured to pro-
duce this war were successful in carry-
ing out their plans, if by the cost of
the lives of the thousands of valiant
English soldiers, they succeeded in
crushing the two little Republics in
South Africa and annexing them, there
would never be peace in South Africa.
Those who had worked in hospital, and
who had some knowledge of surgery,
knew that a very terrible thing some-
times happened. When a great surgical
operation was performed, and a body was
cut open, it not infrequently happened
that, owing to the carelessness or the
stupidity of the operator some small
foreign object had been left within the
cavity of the body. The body was sewn
up ; the external wound might heal; the
operators might think that the whole
thing was an unqualified success. But
deep within the body was that foreign
irritating substance, producing disease
and putrifaction. It might take
-months, or it might take years of unut-
terable suffering and organic disturb-
ance, but until through a gangrenous
wound that foreign substance was ex-
truded, there could be no return to
balanced health. The attempt to annex
the Free, State and the Transvaal was
an attempt to introduce into the body
social of South Africa such
AN IRRITATING AND EXTRANEOUS
SUBSTANCE.

If Mr. Joseph Chamberlain and the
handful of speculators and politicians,
who for tlieir own reasons have aided
him in bringing- about the war, were
successful, and if they succeeded in com-
mememorating the Queens reign
by this crime and in an-
nexing the Republics, and attempted to

govern them by military force, or, far
worse still to put into power the men,
or the tools of men, who had brought
about the war, then there would never
be peace in South Africanever until
that condition had passed away. There-
fore she asked them, the South African
women of Dutch and English extraction,
gathered there, to join with her in ap-
pealing to the conscience of the English-
speakinrr race all over the world to aid
them in attempting to save South Africa
from those long years of misery, discord,
and bloodshed which will result if the
proposed policy be carried out. But it
is not South Africa alone which would
have to suffer. It had often been said
! that the greatest blunder which the
j governing body .of England had ever
I been guilty .of was that committed by
George III., when he interfered with
the internal concerns of the American
Colonies. If the oroposed annexation is
carried out it would be so no longer,
but it will be said that the greatest
blunder was committed at the latter
i end of the 19th century. The time is
i not far distant when the people of Eng-
j land, men and women, will recognise
; that the only friends they had in South
Africa, have been men and women who
. denounced this war from its inception ;

who stated that it would be iniquitous
I and unjust, who protested against the
; landing of foreign troops upon the soil
| of this Colony, who told England that
| 100,000 men would never walk across the
Free State and the Transvaal: and the
; little African meer-cab(laughter)

| torn, wounded and bleeding might yet
i creep back alive to its home in tho red
j African earth.

I ENGLAND MUST REVOKE.

J The day was coming when England

I would realise that the most deadly foes
I she had ever had were the men who, to
I satisfy personal greed and ambition, bad
j produced this war. Unless England
j should immediately refute and reverse
her entire course of action, every farm-
house which the British soldiers were
burning down to-day was a torch light-
ing the British Empire in South Africa,
to its doom, every trench

which the brave English soldiers
dug was a part of the tomb of
England ; every bullet which book the
life of a South African found its billet
in the heart of the British Empire;
every political prisoner of South Africa


SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR.

9

who in his cell that night would dream
of freedom will one day realise it in his
own person or that of his descendants.
What Mr. Chamberlain and the men
who were with him appeared to be im-
pelling the English nation to commit in
South Africa to-day was murder; what
they were really compelling them to
commit was suicide. South Africa to-
day lay torn, wounded and bleeding at
the feet, of England. It was the hour
of Englands might; bust the day would
come when England would know that for
her also the path of justice would have
been the path of peace. (Loud and con-
tinued applause.)

Mrs. De Villiers' also supported the
resolution, and said that British policy
ftince the time of the Raid towards the
South African Republic had been an un-
reasonable one, and one which was not
to be commended. It was a policy which
had been thought out by Mr. Rhodes,
who had never yet expressed himself as
regretting the raid but as regretting its
non-success, and the British Govern-
ment had never yet punished Mr. Rho-
des properly(hear, hear)and put it
out of his power to make a similar raid
in future. But even considered bv it-
self,

THE BRITISH POLICY WAS UNJUS
TIFIABLE,

for that policy had caused this miserable
war which was devastating South Africa.
When Lord Salisbury found that his re-
peated declarations to the effect that
Great Britain desired only a just and
equitable settlement in favour of the
uitlanders stood in the way of the suc-
cessful realisation of-the policy mapped
out by the Imperial Government, he
had no hesitation in going back on his
words. (Hear, hear.) The Imperial
Government was prepared and ready
for the war although they pretendeci
that they were only working for peace,
and were solely desiring to remedy the
grievances, real or alleged, of which the
uitlanders; complained. AVhen Presi-
dent Kruger declared himself ready to
meet Great Britain on the franchise
question the Imperial Government
withdrew their former proposals and de-
clared that they were* going to propose
new measures instead. Considerable
delay ensued in putting forward these
new points, and in the meantime Eng-
lish troops -were poured into the coun-
try and sent to the borders of
ihe Republics. Then war with its

| lamentable results broke out and, now
j *he two States have been soliciting
j peace, but Lord Salisbury has definitely
declared that there could be no peace
before the Republics were annexed.

England has virtually conquered both
; Republics, and Hi ere is no reason why
j she should not grant the Republics their
! independence, seeing that nothing else
I will satisfy them. By establishing a
i military government instead of the free
' government to which the Republics have
been used, an intense feeling of bitter-
; ness would be aroused throughout South
j Africa. That feeling

I WILL FIND AN ECHO IN THIS

COLONY

| in race-hatred and dissension. (Hear,
hear.) For we too have had to bear our
share of ill-feeling and prejudice. After
years of loyal obedience to Her Majesty,
our beloved Queen, and to her laws, we
have been told by strangers that there
existed in this Colony a mischievous con-
spiracy to subvert British supremacy,
j While Lord Rosmead, then Sir Hercules
Robinson(applause)declared that the
Jameson Raid was a disgraceful injus-
tice, and while he tried to soften the
results of that unfriendly act as much
as possible, British statesmen were try-
j ing to justify that injustice. While Sir
| Hercules Robinson, when leaving these
! shores, spoke of Africanders with the
I greatest approval, his immediate succes-
j sor accused them of originating a pro-
i paganda of foreign discontent and dis-
! satisfaction. The injustice of the policy
I which had been followed by Her Majes-
; tys Ministers was tangible. The women
j of South Africa will
, REALISE THE CRUELTY AND
INJUSTICE

of that policy more than any others, for
they will have more opportunities of be-
coming acquainted with it. The atroci-
ties and miseries of the present war will
never be effaced, and no adequate
reparation will ever be made for the
dear lives which have been lost on both
I sides. (Hear, hear.) The ultimate de-
j cision will have to be left in the hands
i of the great Arbiter of nations, who will
i judge the actions of men as they have
! to be judged. (Hear, hear.) The future is
! obscure and shadowed to us, and we
| none of us know what may result, but
j no one can say that the nation which has
hitherto been invincible will not be


10

SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR-

calmed and the revengeful feeling which
now prevails be moderated, solved by
the blood already shed. No one can say ,
that, it will not be possible to put a stop !
to further bloodshed and destruction,
and England can make an end to our
misery by giving back to the Republics
their unqualified freedomby leaving
them in possession of their dearly bought
independence which they have shown
themselves

WORTHY OF RETAINING.

(Hear, hear.) If the English public de-
sires to end this racial feeling between
the two nations let them bring into play
those principles of fair play and liberty |
which have hitherto been so dear to
England- Then we will feel that al-
though an unnecessary and unjust war
had been forced upon the Republics, and
although innumerable sorrows have been
caused Great Britain has nevertheless
attempted to end the miseries of her
subjects, and expiate as far as possible
the injustice that has been done, and
by so doing to bring about amity again,
and we will meet such an attempt in the
same manner and with the same spirit in
which it had been made. (Applause.)

The motion was then put to the meet-
ing and unanimously carried.

THE SECOND RESOLUTION
was to have been proposed by Mrs De
Beer, of Woodstock but as she was un-
able to be present, Mrs. A. I. S'teytler,
of Green Point, moved it. The resolu-
tion was worded as follows:

This meeting of South African
mothers and daughters strongly con-
demns the unjustifiable intervention of
the present British Government in the
internal affairs of the Transvaal, which
has resulted in the cruel and unright-
eous war now being waged in South
Africa: and deeply resents the insult
offered to Africander women in totally
ignoring their petition for peace sent to
Her Majesty the Queen.

In moving the resolution, Mrs Steytler
said : At the Paarl meeting a dear Chris-
tian lady quoted the words of the wise
Solomon that there was a time to speak,
and we feel that

NOW IS OUR TIME TO SPEAK
plainly and earnestly we, mothers
and daughters of South Africa, against
this unnecessary, unrighteous, and
cruel war. Men have spoken and are
speaking, not only in South Africa, but

as echoes tell us from across the sea,
noble men are pleading that justice
should be done, and condemning the
policy of robbery and crime. Not only
iu England but all over Europe we hear
protests against this awful war. I have
read several German newspapers, and
there is one tone throughout, utter

CONTEMPT FOR ENGLANDS
POLICY

regarding the Transvaal. True, she
has one ally who approves

Turey. (Laughter.) Is it out
of gratitude because there was no
intervention when the Armenians were
butchered in cold blood that Turkey
now encourages the intervention in the
internal affairs of the Transvaal? (Hear,
hear.) We deeply feel the sad occasion
of riiis womens meeting ; the wail of
the widow, the lamentation of the or-
phan, the bitter cry of the distressed
and the homeless reach us daily. Those
who are kindred to the people in the
Republics naturally feel this war most
but there are others feeling with us
who have shown and are still showing
also by their presence here at this meet-
ing their full sympathy; they are the
good Samaritans who (when even
priests pass by callous or even cry out
that this policy should be carried to the
bitter end) feel deep pity for those who
lie weltering in their blood, robbed and.
ruined, and pour the oil of balm and
consolation into their bleeding wounds.
I cannot here refrain from making spec-
ial mention of

HOLLANDS NOBLE YOUNG
QUEEN,

who has given such tangible proofs of
love and sympathy. May the Lord re-
quite all who have sympathised and are
sympathising in this dark time; their
names will be remembered from gener-
ation to generation in South Africa,
When Mr. Gladstones name was men-
tioned at the Paarl meeting there was
loud applause. Yes, had that dear old
Christian statesman been at the helm
now, things would have been very diff-
erent. Amongst the words spoken by
him on his last Sunday on earth were
the following: Be kind to the oppres-
sed, the down-trodden, and the un-
happy. What would he say could he
gaze on the scenes enacted in South
Africa! One thing is certain, he was too
I loyal a servant to have allowed a cloud


SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR-

11

to rest on the name of his Queen
he would have handed her
the petition signed by between 16,000
arid ITjOOO of her loyal women subjects
in South Africa and explained the situa-
tion to her truthfully and accurately,
and not allowed that wonderful tale of
a South African conspiracy to be palmed
off on her. In my address last week I
mentioned the united gathering in the
D.R. Church at the Jubilee, but I could
speak of a later datethe occasion of
Her Majestys 80t-h birthday, when there
was a similar gathering equally loval.
Sir A. Milner was present on that oc-
casion, and must himself have been

IMPRESSED BY OUR LOYALTY.

Dr. Jameson has himself upset the whole
fabrication by pointing out that at the
time of the Raid the Transvaal was in a
defenceless state(hear, hear)and that
only after the diabolical attempt to in-
vade the Transvaal it began to armthe
same as any reasonable human being
woodd bolt and barricade his house after
a gang of burglars had attempted to
force an entrance. No, that theory has
been disproved, and they will have to
invent something else to screen their
crime. We now hear and read about
preparations for the Peace Day celebra-
tions.

THE END HAS NOT YET COME
and no human being can as yet foretell
what the future will bring forth, but
unless a righteous peace is made I should
advise to have every town and village
draped in black and all the supporters of
this war to clothe themselves

IN SACKCLOTH AND ASHES
as a sign of deep mourning for their
Empire which will stand disgraced in
the eyes of the just of all nations, and
for their old Queen who will be bereft
of the love, honour arid respect hitherto
felt for her by all her loyal subjects, but
I close as I did at the Paarlmay God
in his mercy forbid! (Loud applause.)

Mrs. Roos, who on rising was loudly
applauded', said she was glad of an op-
portunity of giving expression to her
seniim-ents on this cruel war. She re-
ferred to the attitude of the newspapers,
who had been paid to urge on the war,
and said what did such a sentence as
this mean: If old Kruger will not do
what we want, he must- be made to do
it at the point of the Sword ? She made
bold to say that if England could have

seen what a sacrifice of blood and gold
this war might demand from her, and
if on the other hand the Republics could
have known what ruin and misery would
have been their share, there ivould have
been no war.

CONFISCATION OF PROPERTY.

Referring to the confiscation of property
Mrs. Roos said she was afraid she might
say too much on this point. They should
try and do all they could to prevent this
confiscation. They were the weaker sex,
it was true, but was this confiscation
what might have been expected out of
a war with Christian England, the'na-
tion which took the lead in works of
charity? It seemed to her that war had
the result of quenching, not only the
last spark of Christianity, but of killing,
charity in the human breast. Confiaoeu-
tion as it was being carried on meant
nothing less than robbing poor women
and children of what lawfully belonged
to them. Dutch Africanders as a rule
married in community of property,which
gave the wife an equal share. Was it not
wrong to take it from her? A husband
may have assisted the Republics in
direct opposition to his wifes desirer
and was she then to suffer ? Could not
something be done to seoure the in-
terests of the women and children? With
regard to confiscation of the cattle, a
large proportion of the farmers children
had cattle of their own; children had
cattle given to them often on the day of
their birth, and she had known of one
case where on the marriage of a daughter
the father had to part with forty cattle.
Could they call that justice that chil-
dren who had nothing to do with what
their fathers did should lose the cattle
in their possession? And what became
of the familieswho was to house them,
and who was to feed them ? These were
things they must think offacts too
grave to allow them to stand still with
their hands folded, shaking their heads
over proclamations as they appeared in
the newspapers. Women of South
Africa, said Mrs. Roos, we must be
up and doing, and if we feel ourselves
powerless we must call in the aid of men
who can give us practical advioe.

THE REBELS AND MARTIAL LAW.

Mrs. Roos continued to speak of the
rebels, and of the reasons which had
forced' them to join the Federal com-


12

UVAY ELHiL CTNV N3K0AY KVOIHJV HJLILOS

maaidoes. She pointed out that they
did not cross the horded* to join the Re-
publics, but had joined, on their own
grounda consummation, she said,
which would never have happened
had they been properly advised
.and protected. With regard to
Martial Law, she asked, What
did Martial Law mean ? What
did it include? No law could be of
euch a nature that it could not be de-
fined, but she was afraid they could only
judge this law by the fruit it bore. She
had come to the conclusion that the law
was never intended for a civilised Chris-
tian country. It gave one section un-
bounded power, while it deprived the
other of every means of self-defence, and
if it meant such tyranny it was to be
dreaded more than war itself. Mrs.
Roos, after referring to the sufferings
of the women and children under the
law, went on. to refer to the moral effect
of the war upon, the heathen in this
oountry, and said she shuddered to think
now of what the result of a. collision be-
tween the whites and the Natives would
be. But she relieved they had justice
on their side, and if they persevered
they would succeed. Continuing, Mrs.
Roos drew a touching picture of an im-
aginary meeting between Lord Roberts
and his Queen, when he should acknow-
ledge his sovereigns thanks for what
he had done. When he held out his
hand would not the wails and cries of
the homeless and starving ring in his
ears with a never-^to-be-forgotten sound,
marring the happiest and proudest hour
of his life P AncT when any of his officers
sitting down in their comfortable
English home among his children, who
would listen to the tales he told of his
heroism and 'his hairbreadth escapes,
would he then dare tell them that the
very hands they so fondly caressed bad
taken part in robbing popr women and
children of their homes, and how many
a poor woman had bared her breast and
asked to be shot rather than be left to
die of starvation? Proceeding, she said,
however, that they were living in an
English Colony, and she did not wish to
be misunderstood. Understand me
rightly, said Mrs. Roos, I do not for
one single moment mean to say that
the Dutch Africander must overrule,
hut what wfc want and what we must
secure for our people, the descendants

of the pioneers in South Africa, is they
shall share and share alike in the
social and political rights of this
Colony. To secure this let us continue
to take the lead as we have hitherto
done in the all-important work of
educating the young. To show what
our Church and our people have done
for the advancement of education dur-
ing the last 40 years, I need only draw
your attention to institutions like the
Normal College, the Good Hope Semin-
ary in this town, the High School for
Girls at W7ynberg, the Bloemhof Gym-
nasium and Victoria College at Stellen-
bosch. the Gymnasium boys and girls
schools at Paarl, the training school for
teachers, the Huguenot Seminary, the
Institute and boys schools at Welling-
ton, the deaf and dumb school at Wor-
cester, and the boys and girls schools
at that place, the Belle Vue seminary a:
Somerset East, the Midland at Graaff-
Reinet with its large boys school, the
boys school at Uitenhage, the Riebeek
College for girls, the schools at French
Hoek, and the many smaller schools
throughout the length and breadth of
this Colony. Yet we must not think
that these grand educational institu-
tions are all that we require to give our
sons and daughters the training they
need to hold their own in this country.
Let us also in our home education take
to heart the advice given by Mr. Lines
to the teachers of the back-veld country.
It is good, sound, moral advice. But
why a man with such -> clear head, such
a far-seeing eye. and such sound reason,
should have confined himself to so snial1
an area as the back-veld country is
difficult to understand. To be honest,
truthful, and modest, are Christian vir-
tues needed as much through the length
and breadth of the British Empire, be-
ginning with the worlds metropolis.
For where the editor of the Review of
Reviewsy speaks of men. leading poli-
ticians, who have lied and whose oolicy
it now is to continue to lie, he could not
have spoken of men born and bred i n the
South African back-veld. The men who
assisted Mr. Rhodes in sorting the best
samples of his apples, such as the Rosy
Dividend, the Cheap Labour Flavoured,
and the Golden Pippinthe men who
helped him carefully to load these, as
well as his careless, clumsy driver who
upset his apple-cart, were not men of
the back-veld. (Laughter.) The first


SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR-

13

to point out- the danger to the British
Empire through this monster, the
Dutch conspiracy in this Col'ony, was
not a man who had received his educa-
tion from the lips of a hack-veld school-
master, nor were the men engaged in
drawing up the plans for.the success of
the last Vryburg election boys of the
back-veld. I could continue to lengthen
the List of facts, but this sufficiently
proves how widely Mr. Indiess
sound advice is needed (Hear,
hear.) They had hitherto lived
side by side, rejoicing in each
others joys and joining in each others
sorrows, and God grant, said she,
that this state of things may continue.
But, alas, we fear it is not to be. We
are only human. They hoped their
English friends who were with them,
however, would continue to be with them
and to give them their support. They
would never surrender their Africander
liberties. Cattle might be driven off
their farms and their farms confiscated',
but their sons and their daughters no
power could take from them* .and, with
Gods blessing, they should dare and
do, although their task would not be an
easy one. What they wanted to secure
for the Africanders was that they should
share and share alike in the political
rights of this Colony ; and in order to
secure this they would have to continue
in the work which had commenced. Mrs
Hoos next referred to fhe work of their
schools, and said when they looked at
the result of their examinations they
would see that their case was not hope-
less, and she emphasised the opinion
that the education of their children
should begin at home. Concluding, Mrs
Roos said how much she appreciated the
sympathy of the English at home and in
the Colonies who were on their side at
this critical period, and whom they
would always look upon as real friends,
for a friend in need was a friend
indeed. (Loud applause.)

Miss Molteno, in supporting, said
they were there that day face to face as
British subjects. Their nation had gone
mad. The once most lovely Free State
now lay under the heel of a conquering
.army. She recounted how a vear ago
she had travelled through the State and
pictured its happiness and domestic
bliss, and compared it with the awful
-state of things at present They cried to
^England to hear them in their sorrow,

i to loosen their bands of captivity, and
! to give back to these tiny free peoples
| a people than whom England acknow-
1 lodged she had never met a finer or a
j braver in battlewhat had been .so dear
: to them. (Applause.)

Mrs. Sauer proposed the next re-
solution as follows :

This meeting deeply regrets that per-
sons charged with treason have been
kept in prison for an indefinite period
i without trial, as it is contrary to the
| first principles of Justice and causes not
: only great hardships to those depend-
ant on such persons but in many case-
want and misery, and further expresses
its earnest belief that granting an am-
nesty to those accused will be in t-lie
best interest of South Africa and Great
Britain.

Mrs. Sauer said these things were not
only the woes of their mothers and
other relatives in the far districts, where
this cruel martial law was in forcethey
were their woes. They could not help
thinking of the treatment which sus-
pected rebels were subjected tohow
they were kept in gaol for months with-
out trial, in some cases without even
; knowing what they were placed there
! for, and then when they came out often
| lo find that all they possessed had
gone, and thev could not even
find out where their wives and
children were- She referred to the way
in which the wives of rebels were some-
tims treated bv the Magistrates when
thej' came to make inquiries, having oft-
en to listen to' language which was abso-
lutely unfit- for women to listen to. The
speaker went on to refer to the men
who were doing these things, or who
were responsible for them. Mr Orewe,
she believed, was a policeman in the
Cape Mounted Police at one timewas
one of them. (Laughter.) Such was the
opinion of residents in the Aliwal dis-
trict of him that in many cases be was
not i 11 owed inside their houses. He put
up for the last election and was de-
feated, and some of the men who op-
posed him at the last election
were the first men who were
arrested by him. Ont man had
been kept in gaol several months al-
though he had told the people in his
district not to rise. Geo. Farrar, who
was imprisoned as a rebel in the Trans-
vaal, sat next the Magistrate, and when
poor men were brought before him, said


14

SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR.

what were wanted were rich men. She
asked on what evidence, too, were these
men arrested. Usually on the evidence
of a Native, circulars being sent out to
the Natives offering reward_s varying
from £1 to £10 for information.

THE CAUSES OF IRRITATION.
Proceeding, Mrs Sauer said the whole
past- of the Colony had helped to bring
about that feeling between English and
Dutch which made a revolution possible.
They had to go backback to the early
trek days. She referred to how Natal
was taken from the Dutch after they had
lost* many valuable lives in subjecting
the Natives; to the history of the Free
State and the diamond mines, the latter,
she said, be acquired by England
at a price only equal to what De Beers
now spent in eight years in Secret Ser-
vice money. She called to mind the
Raid also, and said it was sometimes
argued they must not go back. The
speaker argued', however, they must look
bach, for it was these things which to
townspeople were almost- forgotten, and
were almost mere matters of history,
that were remembered by the back-veld
farmer. It was by such acts as she had
recited that- stone by stone and step, by
&ter> England had laid the foundation of
distrust. Referring to the Government of
the country, she said they had now only
shadow of true responsible Government,
for the substance of it had been taken
from them. The majority in their Par-
liament declared against the war, but
England did not regard it, and alto-
gether there was manifest such a feeling
that they felt the war was not engineered
against the Transvaal or the Free State
but against* the Dutch sentiment of the
people. (Loud applause.) Concluding,
Airs. Sauer said that if England per-
sisted an tikis poliqy of revengeshe
might disfranchise the whole districts
of the Colony, and she might fill their
^prisons but she would inevitabdly es-
trange for ever the Dutch people of this
country, and cool their belief and that of
the Englishmen who were with them to-
day, in her sense of justice. (Applause.)

Mrs Malan. in second the resolution,
said : I take it that I do not need to
a*k you to excuse me if I speak to you
iu my mother tongue-the tongue of a
large section of the people of our coun-
try and the tongue of the people who
at present are undergoing such oppres-

sion. (Hear, hear.) I take great plea-
sure in seconding the resolution, as

I AM PERSONALLY CONCERNED

in it. My parents, brothers, and sis-
ters, and other relations, as well as dear
friends, are enduring much suffering
under Martial Law. I need not say
that my heart bleeds for them. I am
certain that all present will etend their
most cordial sympathy to the people in
those districts where Martial Law pre-
vails. (Hear, hear.) It has been rightly
asked, who suffers more than the women
do in this time ? In these distriots the
women are bereft of their husbands, who
are arrested, imprisoned, and kept in
prison without trial

BY THEIR POLITICAL ENEMIES,
who have been enabled to take revenge
upon them. (Hear, hear.) Amongst
those who have been treated' in this way
are some of the most influential farmers
and several of our ministers. Some
time ago we learned of the arrest of our
dearly-beloved Father Ross, an old,
grey-headed man, bv whom I was educa-
ted. It will be remembered that this
old gentleman some time past wrote to
Ons Land, in which he said that he
had called down the anger of Mr Crewe
upon him owing to his staunch opposi-
tion'of the latters treatment of loyal
Africanders. (Hear, hear.) I can almost
see in imagination this old gentlemans
motherless children, some of them quite
young still, standing before the gaol
gates and refusing to go away before
their father had been released. (Hear,
hear.) These men have been imprisoned
without trial. They have been sitting
for

MONTHS IN PRISON,
and no opportunity has been given them
of defending themselves ; they have been
refused hail, and they have not been
allowed to consult their legal advisers,
although Mr Chamberlain assured the
House of Commons that the accused
were in every ease placed in a position
to obtain legal advice. (Hear, hear.)
Meanwhile, what was done with their
property? The women have to look on
and see how everything they possess is
taken away; yes, even their means of
: subsistenceand sold. Women who
j have been rich, and who have always
\ lived in the joyful expectation that they
I would be in a position to give their
' children a good education and' make


15

SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR*

them useful members of society, a.re at
present

NOT IN A x OSITION TO EDUCATE
THEIR OFFSPRING.

Their hearts are filled with anguish at
the thought of what their children will
have to endure, and they shudder when
they think of the future. To what future
will they have to look forward save as
poor whites? These poor families have
not had the education and experience
which their brothers and sisters in the
towns possess, and they have to sit in

SILENT BITTERNESS OF SPIRIT
eating out their hearts in despair, and
passing over their sad thoughts and bt-
terness of spirit to their children who
will grow up amidst these unfortunate
surroundings. We can scarcely take it
amiss if they teach their children to be
bitter and discontented, and indeed I
need hardly say that i think everyone
here will cordially sympathise with
them. (Hear, hear.) What do we ask
by this our meeting? We simply pray
that that animosity may be removed.
Must these poor persons be doubly
punished; first by the confiscation of
their goods and secondly by the Law?
Already they have suffered muchen-
dured' much, and been tried severely. If
we take into consideration the fact that
they were kin to the Republicans, and
that they have practically been forced
into rebellion we cannot, do otherwise
but condone their faults. Even Dr.
Kolbe has declared that he cannot
morally condemn these poor men for
their rebellion. These men were con-
vinced of the injustice of the war in
which their countrymen, nay. their kins-
men, had been involved to

MAINTAINED THEIR DEARLY
PURCHASED FREEDOM
after having so strongly and vainly
pleaded for arbitration and peace. (Hear,
hear.) The frontiers were left unpro-
tected, and the troops at Naauwpoort
and Stormberg were called back from
the positions in which they had been
placed to protect the Colony and pre-
vent the occupation of these districts
on the frontier by tfhe Republican
troops. By that occupation the poor
farmers were placed in a terrible posi-
tionin a position which was unnatural
and unbearable. (Hear, hear.) Right-
minded Englishmen recognise that if
their kinsmen had been in a similar

position they would have acted in en-
tirely tfhe same manner. The British
Government left these men unprotected,
and they could not do otherwise than
obey the temporary Government which
the Republicans brought into being. In
view of these things we ask that a full
amnesty should be granted to these meii,
and that everything which could possibly
give rise to bitterness of feeling should
be removed(hear, hear)not only in
the interests of our people and South
Africa but in the true interests of the
British Empire. (Loud applause.)

AN ENGLISHWOMAN TO AFRICAN-
DERS.

Miss Green (Port Elizabeth) said she
would like to say a few words to the
Africander women present as one who
was born and bred in England, with none
other but English blood' in her veins,
and educated a Tory of the Tories, but
one, however, who had lived 13 years
in this country and had learned to love
it well. It might be said! to her by many,
what right* had she, an Englishwoman,
to oppose an English policy ; to do this
proved her disloyal, un-English, and un-
patriotic? On the contrary, said the
speaker, it was just, because she was an
Englishwoman, who had to some extent
grown in and loved the best teaching of
tihe English, that she oame to join
hands with them in resisting this present
war policy of England. For many years
now England had been looked upon in
the eyes of the world as the champion
of freedom and magnanimity, but it
would almost seem in view* of recent his-
tory that she held the position in spite of
herself. The birthright of freedom had
not been always a happy one, even in that
land of the free. She referred to men
who had fought for it like Wm. Wal-
lace, Simon de Montfort. Sir Thomas
More, Latimer, and Ridley, Burke,
Washington, and John Ruskin. These
were English heroes, English teachers,
but rebels some of them, against the es-
tablished authority of their day. But
; these men England was more proud
to-day than of her Clive and her Wel-
lington. Looking at this war, she said
that in resisting the suicidal and ruin-
ous policy of Salisbury and Chamber-
lain they were fighting the battle, not
only of freedom aud justice for South
Africa, but freedom for England, and


SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR-

U)

freedom for the world(applause)and
the'7 as English people ought to assist
in this resistance in this Colony, or else
they would cease to be loyal British
subjects. It was their bounden duty
to speak out fully and freely every-
where on behalf of justice, nationality,
and humanity, and nothing would per-
suade her that this was un-Eng-
iieh. She wanted them to turn
away from the stock-jobbing,

ra-oe-couxse England, and to look
at that land of such dear memories
that dear, dear landdear for her re-
putation through the worldthe Eng-
land of Shakespeare and Milton, the
England of Burke and of Chatham, the
England of Wordsworth and Ruskin,
and the England of Gladstone and
Courtney. (Applause.) She said that
the gallant Africanders, like the Ameri-
cans of a century ago, had to do their
duty to the English people by showing
them what was meant by loyalty. They
were fighting Englands battle right
loyally when they urged upon her not
to take that fatal step which would kill
her Empire in the hearts of its lovers
that was the only Empire of which she
need be proud, the only Empire on
which she could safely rely. Let Eng-
land revoke the unheard of and iniqui-
tous Martial Law throughout this
Colony, let her grant an amnesty to the
rebel-s, let her leave the Republics their
independencethen and not till then
would the Empire cease to be in danger.
What, concluded Miss Green, shall
it profit a nation if it gain the whole
world,, and lose its own soul? (Loud
and continued applause.)

Mrs A. B. de Yilliers (Paarl), in sup-
porting the motion, said one of the
greatest prophets had predicted that in
later times there should be wars and
rumours of wars, and we were living in
these times. (Hear, hear.) The capita-
lists had dreamed and schemed for

THE GOLD OF THE TRANSVAAL,

and this had ultimately led to this war,
which the women of South Africa had
0 much to deplore. The women of
South Africa were ranged on the side
of their brothers and husbands in oppos-
ing the war, and for nine months they
had been silent, unknowing what their
children and their brothers were endur-
ingunknowing if these were lying dead
on the battlefield or still fighting in the

I cause they held so dear. (Hear, hear.)
| There were some who could sleep and
; eat end dance, heedless of what others
| were endurincr: but there were some
! too to whom the angui&u of their neigh-
j hours was as excruciating as their own
I sorrows. The Free Staters had laid
I down their arms in good faith, but the
promises which had been made to them
' had been broken. Their houses had been
, burned, and their Kafir servants had
j taken in their wives and children and

j FED THEM OUT OF CHARITY.

j (Hear, hear.) These poor black men had
pitied those for whom no one seemed
j to have^any pity. But the conquerors
! had been harsh and hard, and latterly
| they had forced the burghers who had
j laid down their arms to act as bulwarks*

! to the soldiers in the trains on their
| foraging expeditions. The latest proposi-
I tion was to take away the franchise from
! the rebels. Why had

DR JAMESONS VOTE
i not been taken from him when he de-
j veloped into a raider? (Hear, hear.)
i Another proposition was to take away
the Dutch language, but the true Afri-
; canders would never allow this to be
i done. (Applause.) The Jingoes regar-
: ded it as a great triumph to find one
: English Africander, but where in the
: world did one find' an English Scotsman
i or an English Irishman? No. Ireland
: wais for the Irish, Scotland for the Scots,

! and Africa for th^ Africanders. (Lou!d
i applause.) Proceeding, Mrs De Villi ere
' referred to the unjust treatment meted
j out to Colonists by the military and the
j obnoxious. The election of Dr Jameson
I -was calculated to bring the Colonial
; Parliament into disrepute, for no one
| could feel any respect for such a manr
! who had violated every principle of fair-
play and honour. (Hear, hear.) What
the women of South Africa deman-
ded was the repeal of Martial Law in
those districts where it was no longer
necessary, an'd a speedy and lasting
peace conducive to the best interests of
the country and people. (Applause.)

The Chairwoman thereupon put the
resolution to the meeting, and it was
carried with acclamation.

Mrs Reineke (Ceres) proposed another
resolution, which was as follows:

We, the South African women of
English and Dutch descent, here assem-
bled, send to all women who have sym-


SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WA1.

17

pathiBed with South Africa in her pre-
sent time of trouble,our deep and heart-
felt thanks, more especially to the wo-
men of England who have so nobly en-
deavoured to help our cause.

Mrs- Reineke said : Let the women of
the Cape Colony appeal to the women of j
the Christian world to join them and j
the good women in, England who have !
mo nobly espoused our cause, in a pro- i
test against .the annexation of the Re- j
publics and the consequent degradation j
of Englands fair name. And may God 1
grant that from this beginning may ;
arise a still wider and nobler and more :
far-reaching movement, namely, that j
the women of the world in the not far 1
distant future may continue to inaugu- j
rate a world-wide agitation against war,
and so establish on a firm and immovable \
basis the principles laid down at the |
Peace Conference at The Hague. We !
have- to give the men for war whether j
such a war be just or unjust, whether ;
we have confidence in the statesmen re-
fcoonsible for such war or not. We are ,
the chief sufferers; we are left behind :
to mourn, the dead, to nurse the maimed,
and those crippled by disease. Wre,
principal victims, have hitherto been ;
helpless to prevent or stop war. This '
must and will be changed in the future, j
Let us fight with all our influence. In I
the words quoted at the Paarl meeting, ;
Let- us. to-day light a fire which will
not be put out.

Mrs. Beck (Rondebosch), in seconding ;
the resolution said : I wish to express a i
sense of extreme gratitude to those ho- 1
ble women across the waters, who have j
by their example opened our eyes as to I
what our rights and privileges as Brit- ;
ish subjects are. (Hear, hear.) It is a j
source of great regret to notice the ten- j
dency of late years, on the part even of j
prominent British statesmen to split up j
the inhabitants of this country into two j
sectionsBritish and Dutch. Acting |
upon this idea, it has become the fa-sh- j
ion to refer to the privileges the so-call- j
ed Dutch enjoy under the British flag, j
as a something granted to them by the
magnanimity of their rulers. (Hear,
hear.) Speaking as

A HUGUENOT DESCENDED BRIT-
ISH WOMAN,

I repudiate that idea. The privileges
we enjoy are our birthrighta birth-
right we share equally with Dish,

Scotch, English, or any other British
citizensa birthright we are proud to
share with those noble women of Eng-
land, who with their high thoughts and
deep sense of right, have had the cour-
age to espouse our cause and speak out
their minds. (Hear, hear.)

THE BOND OF WOMANHOOD
embraces the world; and as we) are
touched by the sympathy of our far
away sisters; so our hearts go oulfc to
those broken-hearted homeless women,
who, with their tottering children have
had the roofs burnt down over their
heads, and who in many cases have be-
come either the victims or the charitable
dependents of Kafirs There is some-
thing very touching in the report that
Kafir huts are sheltering some of these
homeless wanderers. Huts owned by
faithful servants, who are touched with
pity for their former employers.

SISTERS! WOMEN OF SOUTH
AFRICA,

what a duty lies before us! What a
life work! Think of the legacy in
fatherless, homeless, poverty-stricken
children alone, this cruel war has left
us with! Truly shall we as women of
South Africa have work to do. Work
which our Great- Teacher has taught us
should not be undertaken as a charity,
but as a sacred, solemn duty. Whoso-
ever shall give to drink unto one of
these little ones a cup of cold water, he
shall in no wise lose his reward. (Ap-
plause.) We do hot merely
thank our noble sisters for
what they have done, but- their noble
action emboldens us to believe that in
what there is still left to be done we
shall have the sympathy and co-opera-
tion of the English, American and all
Christian women of the world. (Loud
applause.)

The motion was then put and carried
unanimously, the meeting rising to ex-
press their appreciation of the services
which had been rendered by their sym-
pathising sisters.

Mrs. J. T. Molteno moved :That
the Lady President be instructed to
forward copies of these resolutions to
the secretary of the Womens Concilia-
tion Committee in London, and also to
the Peace delegates in England, to be
used by them to the best advantage.
In doing so she said she had a
message to deliver from the many women
of England and elsewhere who were op-


18

SOUTH AFRICAN WOMEN AND THE WAR

posed to t-he war. and that message was
this, Do not imagine that yon are fight-
ing England, but the capitalists.
(Hear, hear.) There were many not only
women but men. soldiers, who neverthe-
less had to do their duty, who disap-
proved of and opposed the war. You
women of South Africa, said Mrs. Mol-
teno feelingly, who sent your sons and
relatives to fight, knew they were laying-
down tfieir lives in a just cause, but
many a brave English soldier has died
for a cause he knew was cruelly unjust
(hear, hear)because his was not to
question but to do his duty. The
capitalists who represented

ENGLAND AT ITS WORST
were the cause of the war, and she asked
the meeting to bear this in mind and
never forget that there were many who
sympathised with them. As an English-
woman, she felt the shame and disgrace
acutely, for she had: always looked upon
England as. a country which was true to
the orinciples of fairness and justice.
(Applause.)

Mrs. Purcell seconded, and the reso-
lution was carried unanimously.

Mrs. Sauer, in replying to a vote of
thanks which was carried with acclama-
tion, said she esteemed it one of the
pleasantest moments of her life to have
presided; over such a meeting. Her

heart was full of gratitude that she
should have been able to preside.

Mrs. Steytler then thanked the Gor-
man ladies present for their attendance,
and referred to the consistent sympathy
the Germans in Gape Town, especially
the two

PASTORS OF ST. MARTINS
CHURCH,

had shown to the Africanders.

This concluded the proceedings.

A large number of
LETTERS AND TELEGRAMS
were received from friends and sympa-
thisers wh were unable to be nresent-
Amongst these were letters from Mrs.

| D. J. Marchand, of Cape Town, 180 ladies
of Pearston, ladies of Murraysburg, and
telegrams from Lynedoch, Malmesbury,
Stellenbosch, Tulbagh, Caledon, an
many other districts. Several gentle-
men expressed their sympathy
with the meeting by buying tickets at
Is. each, but owing to the limited ac-
commodation only about 30 of them
; could obtain, seats. The profits of the
sale, some £5 18s., were added to the
fund! for the Peace deputation to Europe.
A collection was also held at the doors
in aid of the fund, and realised some
£25, the majority of those present not
being able to reach the plates owing to
the crush.

PAGE 2

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PAGE 5

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PAGE 8

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PAGE 9

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PAGE 13

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PAGE 14

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PAGE 15

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PAGE 16

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PAGE 18

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PAGE 19

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